川中蓬莱气区震旦系灯影组微生物白云岩储集层成岩作用与油气成藏的关系

doi:10.7657/XJPG20260204

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

川中蓬莱气区震旦系灯影组微生物白云岩是四川盆地深层—超深层海相碳酸盐岩油气增储上产的重要领域，但该区域成藏演化史复杂，导致研究储集层成岩作用、孔隙演化对油气充注的影响难度较大。为客观认识该区油气勘探潜力和方向，基于前人研究成果和勘探实践，结合岩心薄片、阴极发光及微量元素测试等，明确蓬莱气区灯影组油气充注关系。结果表明：蓬莱气区灯影组储集层受多期、多类型成岩作用改造，经历了溶蚀、胶结充填、压实-压溶、重结晶、构造破裂及硅化等成岩作用；蓬莱气区灯影组分为同生—准同生胶结、浅埋藏早成岩、抬升-暴露表生成岩、埋藏成岩、深埋藏晚成岩调整5个阶段成岩演化过程；灯影组二段加里东运动期发育古油藏，成岩矿物显示3期油气充注，第1期为纤维状白云石胶结物围绕葡萄花边格架孔洞胶结，不发光—昏暗光，第2期为大气淡水白云石胶结物交代藻环边及纤维状白云石，昏暗光，第3期为粉—细晶粒状白云石胶结物充填于粒间孔、粒内孔及格架孔，昏暗—暗红光；灯影组四段多期白云石胶结充填，储集层经历多期油气充注，有2期沥青充填，第Ⅰ期为加里东运动期，丰度低，第Ⅱ期为燕山运动期，丰度高。

关键词: 四川盆地, 蓬莱气区, 震旦系, 灯影组, 成岩作用, 油气成藏, 孔隙演化

Abstract:

The microbial dolomite of the Sinian Dengying formation in the Penglai gas field, central Sichuan Basin, is an important option for achieving additional reserves and production of oil and gas in deep to ultra-deep marine carbonate rocks in the basin. However, it is challenging to identify the impacts of reservoir diagenesis and pore evolution on hydrocarbon charging in this area due to its complex history of reservoir evolution. To objectively understand the potential and direction of petroleum exploration in the Penglai gas field, based on previous research results and exploration practice, together with comprehensive analysis of core thin sections, cathodoluminescence (CL) and trace elements, the relationship between diagenesis and hydrocarbon charging in the Dengying formation in the Penglai gas field was determined. The results show that the reservoirs of the Dengying formation in the Penglai gas field have been reworked by multiple stages of various diagenetic processes, including dissolution, cementation and filling, compaction-pressure-dissolution, recrystallization, tectonic disruption, and silicification. The diagenetic evolution process of the Dengying formation in the Penglai gas field includes five stages: contemporaneous-penecontemporaneous cementation, shallow-burial early diagenesis, uplifted-exposed epidiagenesis, burial diagenesis, and deep-burial late diagenesis. Ancient oil reservoirs were developed in the second member of Dengying formation (Deng 2 member) during the Caledonian period. The diagenetic minerals records three phases of hydrocarbon charging: the first phase is the cementation of fibrous dolomite (FD) cements around grape lace-like lattice pores, which emits no light or dim light; the second phase is the replacement of algal ring and fibrous dolomites by atmospheric freshwater dolomite (AFD) cements, which emits dim light; and the third phase is the filling of silty-fine granular dolomite (GD) cements into intergranular pores, intragranular pores, and lattice pores, which emits dim to dull-red light. The reservoir of the fourth member of Dengying formation (Deng 4 member) is filled with dolomite cements of multiple stages, with the reservoir subjected to multiple phases of hydrocarbon charging, including two phases of asphalt charging: the first phase, the Caledonian, exhibits low abundance, while the second phase, the Yanshanian, shows high abundance.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, Penglai gas field, Sinian, Dengying formation, diagenesis, hydrocarbon accumulation, pore evolution

中图分类号:

TE122

田兴旺, 孙奕婷, 张本健, 周刚, 袁海峰, 马奎, 宋泽章. 川中蓬莱气区震旦系灯影组微生物白云岩储集层成岩作用与油气成藏的关系[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2026, 47(2): 155-162.

TIAN Xingwang, SUN Yiting, ZHANG Benjian, ZHOU Gang, YUAN Haifeng, MA Kui, SONG Zezhang. Relationship Between Diagenesis and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Microbial Dolomite Reservoirs of Sinian Dengying Formation in Penglai Gas Field, Central Sichuan Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2026, 47(2): 155-162.

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