Classification and Genesis of Fine-Grained Sedimentary Rocks of Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin

doi:10.7657/XJPG20210404

Abstract

Abstract:

The Qingshankou formation in the Songliao basin belongs to thick fine-grained sedimentary rock, and it is an important interval for shale oil and gas accumulation. The classification of the fine-grained sedimentary rocks is the key premise for exploring unconventional oil and gas. Based on field survey and systematic sampling analysis, we studied the types, sedimentary environment and geochemical characteristics of the fine-grained sedimentary rock of the Qingshankou formation in the Songliao basin. According to TOC and the contents of carbonate and terrigenous clastic minerals, the fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the study area can be classified into fine-grained terrigenous clastic rocks with extremely poor, poor, moderate and rich organic matters, and fine-grained terrigenous carbonate rocks with poor and extremely poor organic matters. The fine-grained terrigenous clastic rocks with rich and moderate organic matters and the fine-grained terrigenous carbonate rocks with poor organic matter were deposited in a semi-deep lake environment with stiller water; the fine-grained terrigenous clastic rock with poor and extremely poor organic matters and the fine-grained terrigenous carbonate rock with extremely poor organic matters were deposited in a shallow lake environment; and carbonate rock was mainly deposited in an open saline lake basin in temperate to subtropical zones. The primary type of organic matters in the fine-grained sedimentary rocks is Type Ⅱ₁. The fine-grained sedimentary rocks are medium-good quality source rocks. The fine-grained terrigenous clastic rocks with rich and poor organic matters in deep formations are primary targets for shale oil and gas exploration.

Key words: Songliao basin, Qingshankou township, Qingshankou formation, fine-grained sedimentary rock, rock classification, sedimentary environment, geochemical characteristic

CLC Number:

TE122.113

DING Cong, SUN Pingchang, WANG Chang, ZHANG Ying, ZHANG Qing. Classification and Genesis of Fine-Grained Sedimentary Rocks of Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2021, 42(4): 418-427.

Figures/Tables 10

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分类方式	参数	典型实例
定性	沉积层理构造	鄂尔多斯盆地延长组黏土岩^[15]
	颜色、结构、沉积构造、生物化石、矿物成分	荷兰下侏罗统Toarcian黑色页岩^[16]
		密西西比Barnett页岩^[17]
		Fort Worth盆地Barnett页岩^[18]
		吐哈盆地大河沿地区塔尔朗组细粒岩^[19]
	纹层组分	济阳坳陷古近系泥页岩^[20]
	粒度、沉积构造、有机地球化学	鄂尔多斯盆地延长组深水沉积岩^[21]
半定量	总有机碳、沉积构造、矿物成分	东营凹陷沙三下亚段—沙四上亚段细粒岩^[22]
		松辽盆地齐家—古龙凹陷青山口组黑色页岩^[23,24]
		东营凹陷沙河街组四段细粒岩^[25]
定量	总有机碳、碳酸盐矿物、黏土矿物	中国东部湖相含油气细粒岩^[26]
	长英质矿物、碳酸盐矿物、黏土矿物	歧口凹陷西南缘沙一下亚段细粒岩^[27]
	长英质矿物、碳酸盐矿物、黏土矿物	沧东凹陷孔二段细粒岩^[28]
	碳酸盐矿物、长石+石英、黏土矿物、纹层厚度	苏北盆地高邮—金湖凹陷阜宁组细粒岩^[29]

岩石分类	岩石名称	厚度/m	所占厚度比/%	岩石类型所占厚度比/%
富有机质陆源碎屑细粒岩	富有机质粉砂质泥岩	1.37	3.06	4.24
富有机质陆源碎屑细粒岩	富有机质泥质粉砂岩	0.55	1.18	4.24
中有机质陆源碎屑细粒岩	中有机质泥岩	6.35	13.80	13.80
贫有机质陆源碎屑细粒岩	贫有机质粉砂质细砂岩	1.93	4.50	59.35
	贫有机质粉砂岩	3.85	8.53
	贫有机质泥岩	21.93	46.32
贫有机质碳酸盐细粒岩	贫有机质白云质石灰岩	2.36	5.07	5.07
极贫有机质陆源碎屑细粒岩	极贫有机质细砂岩	0.83	1.73	15.27
	极贫有机质粉砂岩	2.81	6.02
	极贫有机质泥岩	3.50	7.52
极贫有机质碳酸盐细粒岩	极贫有机质鲕粒石灰岩	0.08	0.17	2.27
	极贫有机质叠层石石灰岩	0.62	1.31
	极贫有机质白云质石灰岩	0.37	0.79