Hydrocarbon Generation Simulation Experiments on Source Rocks of Different Organic Facies in Permian Fengcheng and Lucaogou Formations, Junggar Basin

doi:10.7657/XJPG20260202

Abstract

Abstract:

There are two sets of high-quality source rocks, namely the alkaline lacustrine Fengcheng formation and the saline lacustrine Lucaogou formation, in the Permian of the Junggar Basin. Due to different sedimentary environments, the two sets of source rocks show distinct hydrocarbon-generating parent materials. The hydrocarbon generation characteristics have not been correlated systematically for source rocks of different organic facies, and the gas generation capacity of lacustrine source rocks under oil expulsion conditions has not been investigated. Through the analysis on organic petrology and biomarkers of source rocks, hydrocarbon-generating parent materials such as Dunaliella-like algae, Cyanobacteria, and benthic macroalgae were found in the Fengcheng formation source rocks, and a large amount of Tasmanites were discovered in the Lucaogou formation source rocks. Combined with semi-closed thermal simulation experiments on source rocks and closed thermal simulation experiments on crude oil, it is indicated that source rocks of different organic facies are varying in hydrocarbon generation evolution patterns. Specifically, the Dunaliella-like algae source rocks are characterized by large oil yield, long oil generation window, and delayed oil generation peak, corresponding to the vitrinite reflectance (R_o) at the peak of oil generation up to 1.31%, the maximum oil yield of 836.3 mg/g, and the maximum gas yield of residual organic matter up to 312.0 mg/g. The Dunaliella-like algae + Cyanobacteria source rocks incorporate the hydrocarbon generation characteristics of both Dunaliella-like algae source rocks and Cyanobacteria source rocks, with long oil generation window, corresponding to the R_o at the peak of oil generation up to 1.15% and the maximum gas yield of residual organic matter up to 217.3 mg/g. The Cyanobacteria + benthic macroalgae source rocks exhibit early oil generation and low oil yield, corresponding to the R_o at the peak of oil generation up to 0.91% and the maximum gas yield of residual organic matter up to 292.9 mg/g. The Tasmanian algae source rocks demonstrate large oil yield and high gas-to-oil ratio (GOR), corresponding to the R_o at the peak of oil generation up to 1.09%, the maximum oil yield of 756.1 mg/g and the maximum gas yield of residual organic matter up to 330.2 mg/g. For the Fengcheng formation sapropelic source rocks, the gas yield is close to that of humic source rocks in the Junggar Basin when the R_o is 1.50%, and it increases continuously with increasing thermal maturity, indicating that the sapropelic source rocks of the Fengcheng formation still have strong gas generation capacity and gas exploration potential after oil expulsion.

Key words: Junggar Basin, Fengcheng formation, Lucaogou formation, source rock, organic facies, hydrocarbon generation simulation

CLC Number:

TE122

LIU Xiangjun, WANG Jian, RAN Yang, BAI Haifeng, LI Erting, MA Wanyun, CAO Jian, ZHOU Ni, ZHANG Yu. Hydrocarbon Generation Simulation Experiments on Source Rocks of Different Organic Facies in Permian Fengcheng and Lucaogou Formations, Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2026, 47(2): 137-145.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1.

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样品编号	井名	深度/m	地层	岩性	总有机碳含量/%	游离烃含量/ （mg·g^-1）	热解烃含量/ （mg·g^-1）	氢指数/ （mg·g^-1）	有机质类型	生烃母质
1	F20井	3 205.0	风城组	白云质泥岩	3.35	2.06	27.55	822.5	Ⅰ型	类杜氏藻
2	FC3井	2 534.0	风城组	白云质泥岩	3.16	1.14	25.04	792.42	Ⅰ型	类杜氏藻+蓝细菌
3	X76井	3 455.6	风城组	凝灰质泥岩	0.82	0.24	3.21	391.8	Ⅱ₁型	蓝细菌+底栖宏观藻
4	S123井	2 534.2	芦草沟组	泥岩	10.15	2.12	82.75	815.2	Ⅰ型	塔斯马尼亚藻