Abstract: Carboniferous epoch is the conversion period of tectonic geologic environment in Junggar basin, in which land mass splicing was accompanied with a large number of gulfs; coastal marshes were formed by continental-oceanic transition, being favorable to development of source rocks; coexisting rifted and island-arc types igneous rocks constructed multi-type reservoir bodies. Such a change of geologic environment created conditions for development of multi-set source rocks of Carboniferous in Junggar basin, while the abroad deposition added its petroleum resource potentials and explorative ranges. The study shows that there exist multi-set source rocks in Carboniferous with high organic matter abundance, possessing material bases for forming large reservoirs. It is concluded that Eastern Junggar-Wucaiwan is a realistic area for natural gas exploration; the lower wall of thrust fault belt in northwestern margin of Junggar basin is of large potentials for petroleum exploration; the hinterland and southern part of this basin are of great prospects for it, hopefully discovering large- and medium-sized oil-gas fields; the explorative potential of Wulungu area should not be overlooked.

Key words: Junggar basin, Carboniferous, structure, sedimentary environment, source rock