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Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment in Tarim Basin TIAN Jun Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (3): 272-282.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210303 Abstract （2321）   HTML （75）    PDF（pc） （2661KB）（2884）       Knowledge map    Save After summarizing the petroleum exploration history in the Tarim basin since 1950 from the points of major exploration areas and targets, exploration ideas, geological understandings and exploration technology and achievements, the exploration process for over 70 years in the basin can be divided into 4 stages: (1) Uphill exploration in the piedmont of the margin of the basin from 1950 to 1983; (2) Breakthrough to the cratonic area through conducting 6 times of exploration in the basin, and making many discoveries in cratonic clastic reservoirs from 1984 to 1996; (3) Great breakthrough in Kuqa piedmont area through persisting on “4 equal stresses” and strengthening technical research from 1997 to 2005; (4) Breakthroughs to subsalt thrust belts in the Kuqa foreland basin and to the fractured-vuggy carbonate rocks in ultra-deep exploration areas through focusing on three “battlefields” since 2006. As the first basin targeting ultra-deep exploration in China, it is necessary to summarize the hydrocarbon accumulation laws and exploration experiences. Due to low geothermal gradient and early-deposited effective source rocks, large-scale effective reservoirs may exist and accumulate in ultra-deep layers and large-scale hydrocarbon enrichment zones form. They are potential targets for future exploration, especially in the basin with low geothermal gradient in the central and western parts. The ultra-deep exploration practice in the Tarim basin has proved that persisting on technical research and innovation, conducting 3D seismic survey before drilling wildcat wells, and running integrated exploration and development are successful ways to make fast and large-scale exploration discoveries. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration History and Enlightenment in Junggar Basin CHEN Lei, YANG Yiting, WANG Fei, LU Hui, ZHANG Yidan, WANG Xin, LI Yanping, LI Chen Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2020, 41 (5): 505-518.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20200501 Abstract （1894）   HTML （55）    PDF（pc） （5958KB）（4953）       Knowledge map    Save To write the book of Petroleum Geology of China, first we summarize the petroleum geological theory, exploration targets and results, review the exploration history and analyze the drilling, seismic, reserves and other historical data, then divide the exploration history of the Junggar basin into five stages — surface geological survey and drilling in the southern margin (before 1954), discovery and expansion of Karamay oilfield (1955-1977), strategic development of eastern oil and gas fields (1978-1989), fast breakthrough to desert oil and gas fields in the hinterland (1990-2002) and large-scale development of hydrocarbon-rich sags (2003-), and finally based on the important exploration results and milestone data of all stages, point out the exploration enlightenment and accumulation models that have important influences on exploration, including structural oil-bearing model in overthrust fault zones, large-area above-source and fan-controlled accumulation model in sags, stepped outer-source, along ridge and fault-controlled accumulation model, inner-source self-generation and self-preservation accumulation model of volcanic rocks, and accumulation models with upper, middle and lower assemblages in the southern margin. These findings are expected to have important enlightenment for future exploration. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Sedimentary Sequence and Depositional Environment Evolution of Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Strata in the Southern Margin of Junggar Basin GUAN Xutong, WU Chaodong, WU Jian, ZHOU Jiaquan, JIAO Yue, ZHOU Rong, YU Qingsen Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2020, 41 (1): 67-79.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20200109 Abstract （1815）   HTML （17）    PDF（pc） （16674KB）（489）       Knowledge map    Save The sedimentary facies of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous strata in the southern margin of Junggar basin can be divided into meandering river, alluvial fan, alluvial fan transformed by lake and shallow lake facies. According to the architecture element analysis, 10 main lithofacies is classified, among which polymictic Gm1 supported by matrix is massive maroon conglomerate with fine-coarse grain size, poor sorting and roundness; polymictic Gm2 supported by grain is massive brown conglomerate with fine-medium grain size, moderate-poor sorting and roundness; Gm3 supported by grain is massive greyish green or orange fine conglomerate with good sorting and roundness. Some seismite structures were developed during the depositional periods of Gm1 and Gm2. During the Middle to Late Jurassic, the climate was arid, structural activities were active in the northern Tianshan, the basin was filled rapidly and the accommodation space reduced and meandering river deposits were developed in the Upper Jurassic Qigu formation. Under the influence of the rapid closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean, the extensional tectonic setting evolved to a local compressive setting, structural activities in the northern Tianshan continued, the basin contracted, the accomodation space reduced, and the boundary of the basin withdrew from the central Tianshan to northern Tianshan. During the deposition period of the Upper Jurassic Kalazha formation, brownish red fluvial fan sediments were widely developed in the southern margin of Junggar basin and the filling of the Jurassic basin ended. During the deposition period of the Lower Cretaceous Qingshuihe formation, the Mongolia-Okhotsk Ocean closed, the tectonic setting became stable, the basin expanded and the accommodation space increased, large-scale rapid lake transgression occured, the climate became humid, then fluvial fan deposits were developed in the southern margin, followed by shallow lake deposits, greyish green or orange lacustrine conglomerate and fine deposits, indicating the beginning of the filling of a Cretaceous basin. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Structural Characteristics and Evolution in the Southern Margin of Junggar Basin ZHU Ming, WANG Xin, XIAO Lixin Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2020, 41 (1): 9-17.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20200102 Abstract （1667）   HTML （53）    PDF（pc） （13286KB）（654）       Knowledge map    Save The understanding of the complex structures in the southern margin of Junggar basin is very important to explore the oil traps in the middle-deep strata and discover large oil and gas fields. In this paper, the structural characteristics and evolution of the fold-thrust belt in the southern margin of Junggar basin are studied based on 2D structural sections, quantitative analysis of structural deformation, and the complex structural model and tectonic activity time and deformation mechanism are determined. The research results show that the southern margin of Junggar basin underwent two stages of deformation in the Late Jurassic and Miocene, respectively. Strike slip faults were developed in the Late Jurassic during which Gaoquan fault-uplift zone, Aika structural belt and Qigu-south Anjihai strike-slip fault formed, which were belong to Mesozoic strike-slip fault system in the periphery of Junggar basin. Thrust and fold belt were developed during Miocene. The Cenozoic anticline over-lapped on Gaoquan fault-uplift zone and Aika structural belt in the western section of the southern margin. The drilling of Well Gaotan-1 proves that the anticline structures overlying on the paleostructures are favorable targets for exploration. Three rows of thrust faults and imbricate structures are developed in the middle section of the southern margin, and the middle and lower parts of the structures are the main targets for petroleum exploration. The Cenozoic thrust-fold belt extends from south to north in the southern margin of Junggar basin. Qigu fault-fold zone in the piedmont and the deep folds in the basin formed in the early Miocene (23 Ma), the Huo-Ma-Tu thrust fault occurred at the end of Miocene(7 Ma), and Hutubi anticline and Kayindike anticline formed in Quaternery. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Theoretical Perfection and Application of Tong’s Curve Chart CUI Yinghuai, HUI Huijuan, SHENG Han, GAO Wenjun Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2020, 41 (6): 704-708.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20200610 Abstract （1555）   HTML （38）    PDF（pc） （586KB）（2826）       Knowledge map    Save Tong’s curve chart is the primary method for calibrating recoverable reserves in water-flooded oilfields. As water-flooded reservoirs in China produce more and more water one after another, the relationship between recovery percent and water cut in many reservoirs is becoming inconsistent with Tong’s curve. In this paper, on the basis of new seepage characteristic equation, we derive the general formula of Tong’s curve by using Welge equation, and improves the theoretical basis of Tong’s curve. Under certain conditions, the general formula of Tong’s curve can be converted into the typical Tong’s curve and its improved formula, and its corresponding water drive characteristic curve can be converted into Maksimov water drive characteristic curve. Since it can correct Maksimov water drive characteristic curve and Shadrov water drive characteristic curve, the general formula of Tong’s curve is more adaptable under certain conditions. Taking the reservoir of the Sanjianfang formation in Qiuling oilfield as a case, the methods for building actual Tong’s curve and determining reservoir characteristic parameters are proposed. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF JUNGGAR BASIN Zhao Bai Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    1992, 13 (3): 191-196.   Abstract （1535）      PDF（pc） （574KB）（1192）       Knowledge map    Save The embryo of graben-horst-like tectonic framework of Junggar Basin was originaly formed by an uplift of upper mantle during the time of the early-middle Carboniferous followed by a tension fault of the transitional basement for Devonian and Carboniferous systems. Its Permian, the stage of preliminary development of the basin, was down-faulted developing period. A period of fault/seg and depression occurred in Mesozoic with a continuous subsidence. Finally, after contractive uplift in Miocene ,Present Junggar Basin was formed in the end. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress and Enlightenment of Exploration and Development of Major Shale Oil Zones in the USA LI Qianwen, MA Xiaoxiao, GAO Bo, CHEN Xinjun Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (5): 630-640.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210518 Abstract （1482）   HTML （39）    PDF（pc） （803KB）（2707）       Knowledge map    Save We reviewed the geological features, reserves, production, drilling activities and progress of development technology in major shale oil zones in the Permian basin, the Bakken area in the Williston basin and the Eagle Ford area in the Gulf of Mexico basin, analyzed the development trend of shale oil in the USA, and summarized the experience and enlightenment from the USA, with the intent to provide a reference to the development of shale oil in China. The results show that the Permian basin has the highest reserves and production of shale oil in the USA, which is mainly produced from the Spraberry zone and the Wolfcamp zone, and they will also be of great importance in the future. In 2020, influenced by COVID-19, the amount of drilling rigs and the oil production in the three major shale oil zones mentioned above first declined and then increased, and the ultra-low oil prices drove a new round of technological innovation and cost-cutting measures to increase well production in oil companies. By referring to the experiences in shale oil exploration and development in the USA, to develop shale oil in China, priority should be given to highly matured light oil and condensate oil, and the advanced development technologies of condensate oil reservoirs in the USA should be studied and followed. Grading evaluation of sweet spot is the basis of efficient development of shale oil in the USA, and plays a particularly significant role at low oil prices. There is a long way to go to get profitable development of shale oil in China. Technological progress is the key to reducing cost and enhancing profit. Technological researches should be paid attention to in early exploration and development. Life-cycle and geological-engineering integration management is recommended. This may be a new way for efficient shale oil development and rapid cost reduction in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Offshore Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment in Beibu Gulf Basin LI Fanyi, ZHANG Houhe, LI Chunrong, ZHANG Wenzhao, HAO Jing, XU Qingmei, YAN Han Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (3): 337-345.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210310 Abstract （1447）   HTML （19）    PDF（pc） （1700KB）（2456）       Knowledge map    Save The paper analyzes the historical data of drilling, seismic survey, reserves and production, summarizes the offshore exploration achievements and targets and petroleum geology theory, then divides the offshore exploration process in the Beibu Gulf basin into three stages: (1) Early exploration stage (1960-1995). Drilling results proved that there are good source rocks and source-reservoir-cap assemblages in the Beibu Gulf basin, the basic structural characteristics was understood, and the secondary tectonic units were divided. Early exploration results laid a good foundation for further oil and gas exploration during 1980s when there was a high tide of foreign cooperation. (2) Breakthrough to the Weixinan sag and progressive exploration stage (1995-2010). The discovery and successful evaluation of a number of oilfields represented by Weizhou 12-1 firstly contributed to the cumulative proven geological reserves of oil in the Beibu Gulf basin exceeding 100 million tons. Facing the condition that the Weixinan sag is full of oil but the average size of the oilfields in the sag is relatively small, a progressive exploration strategy was put forward, which broke the bottleneck and realized the upgrading and increase of reserves. (3) Breakthrough to the Wushi sag and exploration into new areas (since 2010). The discovery and successful evaluation of a number of oilfields represented by Wushi 17-2 proved that the Wushi sag is another hydrocarbon-rich sag that has been confirmed by drilling data following the breakthrough of the Weixinan sag. This opened a new prospect in the Beibu Gulf basin. Meanwhile, the exploration to new targets such as buried-hill reservoirs led to the identification of a number of pre-Paleogene carbonate reservoirs which are potential contribution to sustainable development. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment of Changqing Oilfield in Ordos Basin ZHANG Caili, LIU Xinshe, YANG Yajuan, YU Jian, HAN Tianyou, ZHANG Yan Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (3): 253-263.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210301 Abstract （1425）   HTML （33）    PDF（pc） （4351KB）（2053）       Knowledge map    Save This paper systematically analyzes the geological theories of hydrocarbon accumulation and summarizes the exploration achievements made by Changqing oilfield in the Ordos basin. The exploration process in the Ordos basin can be divided into five stages: (1) Oil and gas exploration for the structures in the basin and its surroundings from 1907 to 1969; (2) Oil exploration in the Jurassic paleogeomorphology from 1970 to 1979; (3) Oil and gas exploration in the Triassic delta and Ordovician karst paleogeomorphology from 1980 to 1999; (4) Oil and gas exploration for large lithological reservoirs from 2000 to 2012; (5) Exploration of tight and unconventional oil and gas since 2013. During more than 50 years of exploration practices, a number of innovative geological cognitions and theories have been developed, such as hydrocarbon accumulation in Jurassic paleogeomorphic oil reservoir groups, hydrocarbon accumulation in large delta reservoirs in continental lacustrine basin, shale oil accumulation in terrestrial freshwater lake basin, gas accumulation in tight sandstone, gas accumulation in karst paleogeomorphy and hydrocarbon accumulation in multiple series in the eastern Ordos basin, which promoted sustainable breakthroughs to oil and gas exploration in the Ordos basin. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF THE TARIM BASIN Tian Zaiyi, Cai Guiling, Lin Liang Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    1990, 11 (4): 259-275.   Abstract （1400）      PDF（pc） （2136KB）（2133）       Knowledge map    Save The Tarim Basin Lies in the central part of the Asia continent and has a basement composed of highly-metamor-mphosed rocks of Archeozoic and Proterozoicages. It is bounded to the north by the Central Asia—Mongolia foldbelt and on the south by the Kunlun foldbelt. The evolutionary history of the Tarim Basin can be divided into pre—plate-form stage,plateform stage and basin stage. The basin consists tectonically of foothill depressions, intrabasin uplifts and depressions,and marginal thrust uplifts. With a compressional nature accompanied by intense convergent strikeslip faults,the Tarim Basin is a major petroliferous and multi-cyclic cratonic basin with faulting events superposed by depressionai oaes. The Mcso-Ccnozoic Erathcm belongs to terrestrial sedimentary sequence and fault-block structural style which differs from those of foredeeps related to A—subduction in North America. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Tendency of Geological Theory of Total Petroleum System: Insights From the Discovery of Mahu Large Oil Province TANG Yong, CAO Jian, HE Wenjun, SHAN Xiang, LIU Yin, ZHAO Kebin Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (1): 1-9.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210101 Abstract （1365）   HTML （47）    PDF（pc） （826KB）（3032）       Knowledge map    Save Petroleum system is a basic tool for strategic oil and gas exploration and the geological theory of petroleum system needs to be extended with the development of unconventional petroleum geology theory. Based on the review of the evolution of petroleum system theory and the analysis of its development tendency, the paper studies the discovery history of the large oil province of Mahu. The research results show that the discovery of the Mahu large oil province represents a microcosm of the development of petroleum system theory. The large oil province of Mahu where all kinds of reservoirs can be found has the basic conditions of source-reservoir coupling, providing empirical evidences for the establishment of the total petroleum system theory. Taking Mahu sag as a case, there are possibly four directions for the exploration of total petroleum system–from outer-source to inner-source, from conventional resources to unconventional resources, from shallow strata to deep ones, and from single traps to continuous geological bodies. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Achievements and Potential of Petroleum Exploration in Tuha Oil and Gas Province LIANG Shijun Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2020, 41 (6): 631-641.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20200601 Abstract （1362）   HTML （1965）    PDF（pc） （932KB）（3235）       Knowledge map    Save Petroleum exploration in the Tuha oil and gas province started in the 1950s, but large-scale oil and gas exploration began in 1980s. Abundant exploration results have been successively achieved in Tuha basin, Santanghu basin, Yin’e basin, etc., and major breakthroughs have been made in the exploration for Jurassic coal-measure oil and gas, Permian-Triassic ultra-deep heavy oil, Paleozoic volcanic oil and gas, and tight oil and gas in Santanghu basin. Some oil-rich sags such as the Taibei sag of Tuha basin and the Malang sag of Santanghu basin have been identified with proved oil and gas reserves (equivalent) of 8.20×108 tons, indicating good economic and social benefits. Over more than 30 years of exploration, the geological understandings of coal-derived hydrocarbons, ultra-deep heavy oil reservoirs, volcanic oil reservoirs, low-pressure oil reservoirs, and tight oil and gas reservoirs have been continuously deepened, the geological theory of oil and gas accumulation and the controlling factors of oil and gas reservoirs have been clarified, and key technologies have been formed for different types of oil and gas reservoirs. The study shows that all the basins in the Tuha oil and gas province are in the stage of medium-low exploration degree, and the remaining exploration potential is large. To keep stable production, next measures should focus on: 1)fine oil and gas exploration in coal-measures, expanding exploration to the Permian and Triassic series, and deepening the exploration in the northern piedmont areas; 2)evaluating the sweet spot intervals and zones in unconventional oil reservoirs, and exploring the Paleozoic oil and gas reservoirs while finely exploring clastic oil reservoirs around Santanghu basin; and 3)taking the Tiancao sag, Chagan sag and other sags in Yin’e basin as the key exploration targets, and confirming favorable exploration blocks. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Geological Reserves Assessment and Petroleum Exploration Targets in Shunbei Oil & Gas Field QI Lixin, YUN Lu, CAO Zicheng, LI Haiying, HUANG Cheng Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (2): 127-135.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210201 Abstract （1344）   HTML （47）    PDF（pc） （7969KB）（744）       Knowledge map    Save Shunbei oil & gas field is a typical fault-controlled one, in which the formation and evolution of the reservoirs are closely related to fault activities. The basic constitution and scale of the reservoirs are not affected by water-rock interaction, which are essentially different from dissolved fractured-vuggy reservoirs. The geological reserves assessment methods established for dissolved fractured-vuggy reservoirs are hardly applicable for assessing the geological reserves and making exploration decisions for the fault-controlled reservoirs. In view of the characteristics of the fault-controlled reservoirs, we extracted weak, diffracted and low-frequency signals of the horizontal layered and anisotropic medium, and improved the 3D image quality of the steep strike-slip fault zones, and finally developed a comprehensive analytical technology for assessing the strike-slip fault zones. On this basis, using innovative methods and technologies like 3D description and facies-controlled inversion, a series of technologies such as reservoir description, reserves assessment and resource optimization and evaluation were established for fault-controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs. Since applying these methods to 18 first-order fault zones in Shunbei oil & gas field, 1.7 billion tons of OOIP(oil equivalent) has been proved, and a production capacity of 1 million tons of oil equivalent per year has been constructed. In addition, based on the overall petroleum geological conditions and evaluation of exploration zones, it’s found that hydrocarbon accumulate in the whole field, and the exploration zones outside the first-order fault zones also have abundant resources and great exploration potentials. These understandings point out the future directions and successive plays for oil and gas exploration, and lay a foundation for the middle-long term development of Shunbei oil & gas field. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Self-Emulsification and Waterflooding Characteristics of Heavy Oil Reservoirs in Wellblock Ji-7 LIU Yanhong, WAN Wensheng, LUO Hongcheng, LI Chen, ZHANG Wu, MA Baojun Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (6): 696-701.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210607 Abstract （1300）   HTML （16）    PDF（pc） （593KB）（1023）       Knowledge map    Save With self-emulsification function, the heavy oil reservoir in Wellblock Ji-7 is different from light oil reservoirs and conventional heavy oil reservoirs in waterflooding behaviors at normal temperature, and the waterflooding efficiency is higher in the reservoir. After analyzing the cause of the self-emulsification and the characteristics of emulsion in Wellblock Ji-7, the waterflooding behaviors are defined and it is considered that the main reason for a long-term steady water cut in the middle water-cut period in Wellblock Ji-7 is that the water-to-oil ratio is close to 1 due to the self-emulsification of water-in-oil emulsion. It is further proposed that stabilizing the water-to-oil ratio is one of the most effective measures for waterflooding development in heavy oil reservoirs, and keeping the water-to-oil ratio around 1 can maximize the recovery of heavy oil reservoirs. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment of Biyang Sag and Nanyang Sag in Nanxiang Basin YUAN Yuzhe, LUO Jiaqun, ZHU Yan, LIU Guilan, LI Lei, YU Mengli Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (3): 364-373.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210313 Abstract （1299）   HTML （9）    PDF（pc） （1926KB）（2523）       Knowledge map    Save The Nanxiang basin is composed of three swells and four sags. Over more than 40 years of exploration, oil and gas have been discovered in the Biyang sag and Nanyang sag, and fruitful achievements have been obtained. Mainly based on the three peaks of reserves increase in the process of exploring the Biyang sag and the Nanyang sag, this paper divides the basin exploration process into three stages: initial exploration (1970-1983), comprehensive exploration (1984-1999) and detailed exploration (since 2000). After analyzing the major achievements of each stage, it is found that oil and gas enrichment laws in the Biyang sag are more clear and the reservoir types are more representative than those in the Nanyang sag. The Biyang sag can be divided into four important oil and gas enrichment zones: Shuanghe nose-like structure, northern slope zone, southern steep slope zone and around-subsag zone. According to comprehensive analysis of geological characteristics and reservoir-forming conditions, specific exploration ideas, techniques and methods are summarized, including large updip pinch-out sandstone reservoirs in the rifted lacustrine basin, complex fault-block reservoirs in the northern slope zone, small glutenite reservoirs in the southern steep slope zone, and fault-lithologic reservoirs in the around-subsag zone. These results may enlighten future oil and gas exploration. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment in Jiuquan Basin XIANG Xin, WEI Haoyuan, WEI Deqiang, GAO Xiang, ZHAO Wei, LEI Fuping, XIE Jingyu, REN Xueyao Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2021, 42 (3): 353-363.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20210312 Abstract （1291）   HTML （17）    PDF（pc） （2262KB）（1294）       Knowledge map    Save Petroleum exploration in Jiuquan basin started in the 1920s. Experienced the exploration process from uplift to depression, fruitful results in petroleum exploration have been achieved. The article reviews the 81-year exploration history in Jiuquan basin, sort out the main idea, technical means, significant discoveries and experience in every stage. Petroleum exploration practices show that the exploration should be foucued on geological research, guided by geological theory and geological understanding, and should be supported by exploration technology. Guided by the theories for exploration of secondary hydrocarbon-bearing structural belts, a number of anticline reservoirs have been discovered. Geology and engineering are closely integrated to form a supporting exploration technology adaptable for Qingxi oilfield, helping Qingxi oilfield make breakthroughs in exploration. After deepening geological understanding and changing exploration ideas three times, a hydrocarbon accumulation model was established for the Ying’er sag and Jiudong oilfield was discovered. New progresses have been made successively due to fine exploration in existing oil blocks after highlighting fine geological research and applying new technologies and methods. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Laboratory Experiments and Field Tests of CO2 Near-Miscible Flooding for Medium-Viscosity Oil in NJH Block, Santanghu Oilfield ZHANG Qi, ZHU Yongxian, HAN Tianhui Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2025, 46 (1): 114-120.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20250114 Abstract （1289）   HTML （5）    PDF（pc） （655KB）（152）       Knowledge map    Save The NJH block of the Santanghu oilfield features sandstone reservoirs containing medium-viscosity oil, with crude oil viscosity of 20.8 mPa·s. The reservoir is at medium water cut stage, with a predicted waterflood recovery factor of 22.70%, leaving a limited potential for further enhanced oil recovery. To figure out an applicable enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique, laboratory experiments and field test were conducted on CO2 near-miscible flooding for medium-viscosity oil to understand the mass transfer patterns and EOR mechanisms of this technique, thereby determining its feasibility. The research results show that the front of the CO2 flooding mainly plays a swelling effect, and the rear exerts a stronger extraction effect than the front. Reducing the viscosity and improving the remaining oil displacement efficiency are the main stimulation mechanisms. The viscosity of surface crude oil reduced by 55%, the content of C2-C15 components increased by 18.3%, and the displacement efficiency improved by 4.6 times. Permeability ratio is found to be the primary factor influencing swept volume, with a permeability ratio of 6, leading to a recovery factor of only 13.84% in low-permeability layers. During the field test, the cumulative injected gas volume is 2.66×104 t, cumulative oil production is 0.78×104 t, and oil exchange ratio is 0.29, confirming a promising application of CO2 near-miscible flooding for medium-viscosity oil. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of Incremental Proven Oil and Natural Gas Geological Reserves in China ZHOU Liming, HAN Zheng, ZHANG Daoyong, REN Jihong, FENG Zhigang, ZHANG Chenshuo Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2022, 43 (1): 115-121.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20220117 Abstract （1270）   HTML （35）    PDF（pc） （539KB）（1486）       Knowledge map    Save In order to understand the growth trend of proven oil and natural gas geological reserves in China, this paper analyzes the distribution and change of the incremental proven oil and natural gas geological reserves discovered from 2010 to 2019 in China. The results show that the incremental proven oil reserves are mainly distributed in the areas such as Ordos basin, Bohai Bay basin, and Junggar basin, and accumulated in the middle-shallow to middle-deep formations in these basins; the incremental proven natural gas reserves are mainly distributed in the areas such as Ordos basin, Sichuan basin, Tarim basin, and East China Sea Shelf basin, and accumulated in middle-deep to ultra-deep formations; the quality of the incremental oil and gas reserves become worse, the abundance goes lower and the burial depth is deeper and deeper; and incremental proven oil and gas reserves are mainly preserved in lithologic oil and gas reservoirs, unconventional oil and gas reservoirs and deep oil and gas reservoirs. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Practices and Cognitions of Petroleum Exploration in Mesozoic,Ordos Basin LUO Anxiang, YU Jian, LIU Xianyang, JIAO Chuangyun, HAN Tianyou, CHU Meijuan Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2022, 43 (3): 253-260.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20220301 Abstract （1232）   HTML （44）    PDF（pc） （1437KB）（1101）       Knowledge map    Save The Ordos basin is the second largest sedimentary basin in China with abundant oil and gas resources and broad exploration prospects. Typical low-permeability-tight oil reservoirs are develpoed in the Triassic Yanchang formation in the basin,which are difficult to explore. Through continously geological researches on the Mesozoic oil reservoirs in the Ordos basin over the past 50 years,some theories about hydrocarbon accumulation in Jurassic reservoir groups,in large-scale lithologic reservoirs in inland depression lake basins and in continental shales have been formed. By virtue of three strategic shifts,four conventional hydrocarbon provinces with reserves exceeding 10×108 t and a successive zone with shale oil reserves of 20×108 t have been discovered. The proven oil reserves have increased by an average of over 3×108 t per year for 10 consecutive years. Thus,Changqing oilfield in Ordos basin has become an oil and gas province with the fastest increase in reserves and production in China and contributed 12.5% of China's annual oil production,which provides a reference for the petroleum exploration in other similar basins. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress and Trend of Ultra-Deep Strike-Slip Fault-Controlled Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in Tarim Basin WANG Qinghua, CAI Zhenzhong, ZHANG Yintao, WU Guanghui, XIE Zhou, WAN Xiaoguo, TANG Hao Xinjiang Petroleum Geology    2024, 45 (4): 379-386.   DOI: 10.7657/XJPG20240401 Abstract （1229）   HTML （38）    PDF（pc） （4805KB）（798）       Knowledge map    Save Ultra-deep strike-slip fault-controlled hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered as a new frontier for exploration and development in the Tarim basin. However, the complexity of these reservoirs poses a significant challenge for profitable development, necessitating enhanced foundational geological research. The strike-slip fault-controlled hydrocarbon reservoirs are commonly characterized by strong heterogeneity, intricate reservoir and fluid distribution, significant variations in hydrocarbon production, and low recovery. The great differences in faulting, reservoir characteristics, hydrocarbon accumulation, and fluid dynamics of these reservoirs between different areas present a series of exploration and development challenges. A series of models for strike-slip fault zones of different genesis and their controls on reservoirs have been established, and the mechanisms of reservoir formation along strike-slip fault zones including combined reservoir control by microfacies, strike-slip fault and dissolution, and contiguous, differential and extensive development have been revealed. Furthermore, the strike-slip fault-controlled reservoir models with “source-fault-reservoir-caprock coupling” and “small reservoir but large field” are constructed, unveiling the mechanisms of the hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation of ultra-deep strike-slip fault-controlled reservoirs. This research breaks through the limitations in theory that weak strike-slip faults in cratonic basins are difficult to form large-scale strike-slip fault-controlled reservoirs and large oil/gas fields. Finally, the genesis of large-scale strike-slip fault systems, the differential reservoir formation mechanisms within strike-slip fault zones, and the hydrocarbon enrichment patterns in cratonic basins have been clarified. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics