Abstract: The fine seismic data interpretation shows that the Permian normal fault is mainly developed in Aman area in Tarim basin, and its tectonic style is dominated by "graben and horst"; the Cambrian-Early Ordovician stretching structure and the Middle?Late Ordovician compressional structure may also exist, but unable to be recognized on the seismic profiles due to late?stage destruction, all of which finally came to being a stabilized state in Cretaceous in the study area. It is suggested that the Cambrian stretching structure is related with the cracking of Rodinia supercontinent; the Middle?Late Ordovician compression structure is shaped due to the Caledonian-Early Hercynian collision orogenesis of the Kunlun mountains; Early Permian stretching structure is a product of the volcanic activities caused by mantle plume movements in the large igneous province. Contrastively, in the Cretaceous, the faults stop growing and the strata deposit stably into almost unchanged sizes in the study area. Finally, the structural evolution characteristics and the oil exploration prospect in Aman area are discussed