关键词: 油气生成有机说, 油气生成无机说, 岩石圈板块, 裂谷, 俯冲带, 仰冲带, 地台基底

Abstract: The author presents the main results of mobilistic ideas recognition in up-to-date oil and gas geology. HC generation may occur by different ways: not only by scenario of classical sedimentary-migration theory. HC fluid may be generated indirectly in bottom sediments of water basins of riftogenic type under sufficiently high heat flow that do not require submersion of original oil and gas source mass at the depth of 3 km and more (riftogenic model). In global process of oil and gas generation it should not be excluded the mineral synthesis of HC which may occur by different schemes. However, nonorganic synthesis produces predominantly methane, while present oils in their formation require organic matter participation or the other effective catalyst. However, oil and gas genesis should be considered as mixed (mixed genetic, polygenic). As a global regularity of spatial distribution of oil and gas territories one can follow a tendency of outlining units of oil and gas geological zoning — oil and gas accumulation belts within which oil and gas provinces or basins are singled out. Forecasting of new (not discovered) poles of oil and gas accumulation gives explorers additional possibilities to increase HC reserves. Due to belted distribution of oil and gas fields in the lithosphere as well as geodynamic (plate-tectonic) approaches to their genesis understanding, the principles of oil and gas geological zoning of the subsurface are also modified. Adoption of mobilistic approach in oil and gas geology provides petroleum geologists with new guide lines in exploratory process. In particular, non-traditional exploration objects appear: underthrust zones, basement of platform areas, veined zones of oil and gas accumulation and etc. all the significantly widens horizons of exploration activity for oil and gas and gives a hope of possible prolongation of oil and gas epoch of human civilization.

Key words: organic theory, inorganic theory, lithosphere plate, rift, subduction belt, obduction belt, platform basement