Abstract: In the process of low?rank coalbed methane (CBM) enrichment and accumulation, hydrogeological condition is one of the main control factors, which is crucial to affect coalbed methane conservation，migrating and development. This paper analyzes coalbed hydrogeological characteristics of Tuha and Santanghu basins, makes comparisons with the similar basins abroad, and suggests that because the climate in northwestern China was arid since Quaternary, the hydrogeological conditions of coal seams in Tuha and Santanghu basins were generally poor,“dry coal seams”similar to Alberta basin in Canada were then formed, which greatly influenced the formation of CBM