Abstract: Shale oil resources are rich in China. To clarify the petroleum geologic characteristics the shale oil accumulation conditions of China抯 petroliferous basins is of great significance for finding out the favorable distribution areas of shale oil reservoirs. The conditions of shale oil reservoirs include the large?scale organic?rich mudstone/shale layers with moderate thermal maturity and sapropelic kerogen that provide material for shale oil accumulation; the interlayers with relatively good permeability or shale with fractures that are favorable shale oil reservoirs. In China, the Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic lacustrine middle?thick organic?rich mudstone/shale intervals are of better conditions for shale oil accumulation, which are the major domains of shale oil reservoirs, including Permian strata in Junggar and Santanghu basins, Triassic stratum in Ordos basin, Jurassic stratum in Sichuan basin, Cretaceous stratum in Songliao basin, and Paleogene strata in Bohai Bay, North Jiangsu, Jianghan and Nanxiang basins. Among them, the Triassic Yanchang formation in Ordos basin and the Cretaceous Qingshankou formation in Songliao basin are the best in shale oil geologic conditions