Characteristics and Genesis of Pores in Volcanic Reservoirs of Haerjiawu Formation in Santanghu Basin

doi:10.7657/XJPG20200604

Abstract

Abstract:

As one of the important methods to study the microscopic pore structure of tight reservoirs, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption experiment has achieved better application in tight clastic reservoirs. This paper takes the Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in the Santanghu basin as a case to study the genesis of nano-pores in tight reservoirs by applying low-temperature nitrogen adsorption experiment. Experimental analysis shows that the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption curve of the volcanic rock in the Upper Carboniferous Haerjiawu formation of the Santanghu basin is like a “ink bottle”; as the sampling depth increases, the average pore diameter of the samples decreases, the total pore volume increases, the specific surface area increases, and the fractal dimensionality that can characterize the roughness of the pore surface increases too. Further combination with field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that the microscopic pore structure and morphology of the tight volcanic reservoirs of the Haerjiawu formation in the Santanghu basin is related to dissolution. The deeper the reservoir is buried, the more organic acid is produced by the source rock inside the volcanic rock, and the stronger the dissolution is. After unstable minerals such as feldspar are dissolved, new minerals form and then precipitate near pores and throats. This can increase the microscopic pore volume of the reservoirs and reduce their permeability.

Key words: Santanghu basin, Haerjiawu formation, volcanic rock, tight reservoir, microscopic characteristic, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, specific surface area, fractal dimensionality

CLC Number:

TE122.23

FAN Tanguang. Characteristics and Genesis of Pores in Volcanic Reservoirs of Haerjiawu Formation in Santanghu Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(6): 658-665.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Table 1

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Fig. 7.

References 23

[1]	贾承造, 郑民, 张永峰. 中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2012,39(2):129-136.
	JIA Chengzao, ZHENG Min, ZHANG Yongfeng. Unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China and the prospect of exploration and development[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2012,39(2):129-136.
[2]	邹才能, 翟光明, 张光亚, 等. 全球常规-非常规油气形成分布、资源潜力及趋势预测[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2015,42(1):13-25.
	ZOU Caineng, ZHAI Guangming, ZHANG Guangya, et al. Formation,distribution,potential and prediction of global conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon resources[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015,42(1):13-25.
[3]	闫林, 袁大伟, 陈福利, 等. 陆相致密油藏差异化含油控制因素及分布模式[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2019,40(3):262-268.
	YAN Lin, YUAN Dawei, CHEN Fuli, et al. A study on differentiated oil-bearing controlling factors and distribution patterns of continental tight oil reservoir[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2019,40(3):262-268.
[4]	邹才能, 陶士振, 侯连华, 等. 非常规油气地质学[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2014.
	ZOU Caineng, TAO Shizhen, HOU Lianhua, et al. Unconventional petroleum geology[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2014.
[5]	郑民, 李建忠, 吴晓智, 等. 我国常规与非常规石油资源潜力及未来重点勘探领域[J]. 海相油气地质, 2019,24(2):1-13.
	ZHENG Min, LI Jianzhong, WU Xiaozhi, et al. The conventional and unconventional oil resource potential and key exploration fields in China[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2019,24(2):1-13.
[6]	邹才能, 朱如凯, 李建忠, 等. 致密油地质评价方法：GB/T 34906—2017[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018.
	ZOU Caineng, ZHU Rukai, LI Jianzhong, et al. Geological evaluation method of tight oil：GB/T 34906—2017[S]. Beijing: China Standards Press, 2018.
[7]	邹才能, 张国生, 杨智, 等. 非常规油气概念、特征、潜力及技术:兼论非常规油气地质学[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2013,40(4):385-399.
	ZOU Caineng, ZHANG Guosheng, YANG Zhi, et al. Geological concepts,characteristics,resource potential and key techniques of unconventional hydrocarbon:on unconventional petroleum geology[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2013,40(4):385-399.
[8]	邹才能, 朱如凯, 白斌, 等. 致密油与页岩油内涵、特征、潜力及挑战[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2015,34(1):3-17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2802.2015.01.001
	ZOU Caineng, ZHU Rukai, BAI Bin, et al. Significance,geologic characteristics,resource potential and future challenges of tight oil and shale oil[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry, 2015,34(1):3-17.
[9]	周庆凡, 杨国丰. 致密油与页岩油的概念与应用[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2012,33(4):541-544. doi: 10.11743/ogg20120407
	ZHOU Qingfan, YANG Guofeng. Definition and application of tight oil and shale oil terms[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2012,33(4):541-544.
[10]	陈建琪, 纪艳红. 三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷火山岩油藏特征[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2010,31(5):471-473.
	CHEN Jianqi, JI Yanhong. Characteristic of volcanic reservoir in Malang sag in Santanghu basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2010,31(5):471-473.
[11]	刘俊田, 牟兰昇, 任红, 等. 三塘湖盆地条湖凹陷石炭-二叠系石油地质条件及勘探方向[J]. 新疆石油天然气, 2011,7(4):1-6.
	LIU Juntian, MOU Lansheng, REN Hong, et al. Carboniferous Permian petroleum geology and exploration direction of Tiaohu depression in Santanghu basin[J]. Xingjiang Oil & Gas, 2011,7(4):1-6.
[12]	索孝东, 李凤霞. 三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷石炭系地质结构与火山岩分布[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2009,30(4):463-466.
	SUO Xiaodong, LI Fengxia. Geologic structure and volcanic distribution of Carboniferous in Malang sag in Santanghu basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2009,30(4):463-466.
[13]	陈旋, 李杰, 梁浩, 等. 三塘湖盆地条湖组沉凝灰岩致密油藏成藏特征[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2014,35(4):386-390.
	CHEN Xuan, LI Jie, LIANG Hao, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation elements analysis of Tiaohu tuff reservoir of Middle Permian,Santanghu basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2014,35(4):386-390.
[14]	陈旋, 刘俊田, 龙飞, 等. 三塘湖盆地二叠系凝灰岩致密油勘探开发实践及认识[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2019,24(6):771-780.
	CHEN Xuan, LIU Juntian, LONG Fei, et al. Practical experience and understanding of exploration and development of Permian tight tuff reservoir in the Santanghu basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019,24(6):771-780.
[15]	马剑, 黄志龙, 钟大康, 等. 三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷二叠系条湖组凝灰岩致密储集层形成与分布[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2016,43(5):714-722.
	MA Jian, HUANG Zhilong, ZHONG Dakang, et al. Formation and distribution of tuffaceous tight reservoirs in the Permian Tiaohu formation in the Malang sag,Santanghu basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016,43(5):714-722.
[16]	陈燕燕, 邹才能, MASTALERZ M, 等. 页岩微观孔隙演化及分形特征研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015,26(9):1 646-1 656.
	CHEN Yanyan, ZOU Caineng, MASTALERZ M, et al. Porosity and fractal characteristics of shale across a maturation gradient[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015,26(9):1 646-1 656.
[17]	邹娟, 乐园, 金涛, 等. 川中地区侏罗系致密砂岩储集层成因及“甜点”预测[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2018,39(5):555-560.
	ZOU Juan, LE Yuan, JIN Tao, et al. Genesis and sweet spot prediction of Jurassic tight sandstone reservoir in central Sichuan basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2018,39(5):555-560.
[18]	BRUNAUER S, EMMETT P H, TELLER E. Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Sosiety, 1938,60(2):309-319.
[19]	朱汉卿, 位云生, 贾成业, 等. 滇黔北地区龙马溪组富有机质页岩储层纳米级孔隙结构特征[J]. 复杂油气藏, 2018,11(1):12-17.
	ZHU Hanqing, WEI Yunsheng, JIA Chengye, et al. Characteristics of nanoscale pore structure of organic-rich Longmaxi shale in northern Yunnan and Guizhou province[J]. Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs, 2018,11(1):12-17.
[20]	PFEIFER P, WU Y J, COLE M W, et al. Multilayer adsorption on a fractally rough surface[J]. Physical Review Letters, 1989,62(17):1 997-2 000. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.1997
[21]	赵迪斐, 郭英海, 解德录, 等. 基于低温氮吸附实验的页岩储层孔隙分形特征[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2014,38(6):100-108.
	ZHAO Difei, GUO Yinghai, XIE Delu, et al. Fractal characteristics of shale reservoir pores based on nitrogen adsorption[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2014,38(6):100-108.
[22]	赵雷昭, 刘腾腾, 庞江, 等. 砂岩储层中自生高岭石的成因与演化[J]. 辽宁化工, 2018,47(2):116-118.
	ZHAO Leizhao, LIU Tengteng, PANG Jiang, et al. Formation causes and evolution of authigenic kaolinite in sandstone reservoir[J]. Liaoning Chemical Industry, 2018,47(2):116-118.
[23]	黄思静, 黄可可, 冯文立, 等. 成岩过程中长石、高岭石、伊利石之间的物质交换与次生孔隙的形成:来自鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界和川西凹陷三叠系须家河组的研究[J]. 地球化学, 2009,38(5):498-506.
	HUANG Sijing, HUANG Keke, FENG Wenli, et al. Mass exchanges among feldspar,kaolinite and illite and their influences on secondary porosity formation in clastic diagenesis:a case study on the Upper Paleozoic Ordos basin and Xujiahe formation,western Sichuan depression[J]. Geochimica, 2009,38(5):498-506.