Formation, Preservation and Distribution of Abnormally High Pressure in Ordovician Carbonate Rocks in Northern and Central Tarim Basin

doi:10.7657/XJPG20230405

Abstract

Abstract:

The Ordovician ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim basin are controlled by high-energy facies belts, regional unconformity surfaces, and multi-period and multi-type fault fragmentation and reforming, as a result, the distributions of internal fluid and pressure systems are extremely complex. According to the analysis, factors such as sedimentation, structure, and chemical reaction affect the formation, preservation, and distribution of abnormally high pressure in the Ordovician carbonate rocks in the northern and central Tarim basin. Thick gypsum-salt rocks delayed the thermal evolution of source rocks and blocked stress transfer, while the unconformity surfaces provided pathways for the transfer of structural stress and undercompaction pressure, and for the late hydrocarbon charging, all of which are conducive to the formation of abnormally high pressure. The later thermochemical reduction reaction of sulfate weakened the development of abnormally high pressure to a certain extent and affected the vertically distributed layers. High-quality caprocks such as thick mudstone and tight limestone are conducive to the preservation of abnormally high pressure. The abnormally high pressure is mainly distributed around hydrocarbon-generating depressions and at secondary faults far away from primary faults or with weak activity. In the northern Tarim basin, the abnormally high pressure is mainly resulted from tectonic compression and undercompaction, and it is scattered as multiple points in the Yueman and Luchang areas with complex faults. In the central Tarim basin, the abnormally high pressure due to fluid expansion is concentrated in the TZ-10 structural belt, where the reservoirs are generally small in scale and constant in volume.

Key words: Tarim basin, Ordovician, carbonate rock, abnormally high pressure, genetic mechanism, distribution, strike-slip fault, fault-controlled reservoir

CLC Number:

TE122

DUAN Yongxian, SONG Jinpeng, HUAN Zhipeng, YANG Liangang, ZHOU Peng, LV Duanchuan, TIAN Zhihong. Formation, Preservation and Distribution of Abnormally High Pressure in Ordovician Carbonate Rocks in Northern and Central Tarim Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(4): 421-428.

Figures/Tables 7

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