Abstract: This paper generalizes the lithological and biostrati graphical characteristics of the marine Carboniferous and Lower Permian in Tarim Basin and its adjacent areas, southern Xinjiang. The division and correlation among the different stratigraphical regions in these areas，concerning Tianshan, Kunlunshan and Aerhchin Mountains are mainly based on conodonts and fusulinids studies.The Carboniferous—Permian boundary in these areas is drawn at the base of Sweetognathus whitei —N eostreptognathodus pequopensis—Loncfyodina festiva assemblage .