Abstract: In recent years, the world's petroleum industry has been developing at full speed, the scope of petroleum exploration and development continuously expanding, dealing with more and much complicated objects, overcome numerous difficulties and have obtained significant breakthroughs. All of them have to attribute to the role played by progress of petroleum geological theories. New theories, new techniques and new methods are continuously developing and being applied,which inject new vitality and energy into world's petroleum industry. Together with the progress of science and technology, the world's petroleum industry in the 21st century will be developing further.

Key words: petroleum geology, new theory, new technique, new methods, exploration and development, application, 21st century, trending of petroleum science and technology