Abstract: Petroleum geologic conditions in China have their own characteristics in the aspect of source,reservoir, caprock or migration, accumulation and preservation, for instance, oil generated from continental facies, multiple periods of oil generation, muliplicity of reservoir rocks, complex reservoir lithology, distinctive source-reservoir-caprock assemblage, relatively short-distance remigration of oil and gas, complex oil and gas accumulation belt, and relatively severe organic alteration. Those result from multicyclic tectonie movemnents and regression caused by Indosinian and Yanshan movement. They can be found to different extents in each petroliferous basin in China.

Key words: China, Petroleum geology, Hydrocarbon generation, Source-reservoir caprock assemblage, Oil and gas migration, Secondary migration, Oil and gas accumulation zone, Organic matter metamorphose