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01 September 1997, Volume 18 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION

AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE,BASEMENT OF SANTANGHU BASIN Zhu Bosheng, Feng Jianxin, Hu Bin, Wei Xinshan 1997, 18 (3):  197-200.  Abstract ( 118 )   PDF (349KB) ( 250 )   Save This paper gives an idea that the basement of Santanghu basin has a dual structure by combining the regional structures with the gravity, magnetic and electrical property data in the basin. The deeper basement formed as the Pre Cambrian crytallized basement segmented with the another land mass in the west or continental marginal residual plates and fragments of ocean crust, and then was superimposed with the shallower folded basement dominated by Hercynian igneous rocks. Such dual. nature significantly affected the characteristic of seal structure. In the east the later structural deformation of the seal is inbibited due to the presence of deeper rigid basement, which resulted in the formation of extensive wide and gently dipping traps in the caprock; while in the west the linear folds, fault trace and blocks formed in the caprock due to the absence of the rigid basement. The present tectonic framework is almost controlled by the shallower (Lower Carboniferous) basement. References | Related Articles | Metrics

STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF MAJOR FAULT ZONES IN THE SOUTHWEST DEPRESSION IN TARIM BASIN AND THEIR CONTROL ON OL, ACCUMULATION Hu Wangshui, Chen Yusui, Xiao Ancheng, Liu Xuefeng, Liu Shengguo 1997, 18 (3):  201-206.  Abstract ( 94 )   PDF (557KB) ( 276 )   Save Faulting is one kind of tectonic events in the Southwest depression in Tarim basin. The major faulting within the depression began during the late Hercynian or Himalayan periods. The faults with different natures can occur in the same stress field, resulting in the difference in the structural deformation features of different structural units. The structural features of fault along the fault trend vary. The evolution of major fault zones is analysed with the forward modelling method. It is suggested that the fault is an important control on hydrocarbon accumulation, which varies with the nature of the fault. References | Related Articles | Metrics

SEALING ABILITY OF SILURIAN SHALE CAPROCK WTTH RELATION TO HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATION IN TARIM BASIN Shi Qiang, Shen Juehong 1997, 18 (3):  208-211.  Abstract ( 152 )   PDF (442KB) ( 189 )   Save The shale caprock at different diagenetic stages in the petroliferous basin has different sealing abilities. At early period the sealing ability of caprock gradually formed with the compaction and consolidation of the sediments, while at late period the sealing ability becomes worse due to the reduced ductility resulting in the microfracture. We considered the sealing ability of Silurian caprock in Tarim basin by using the advanced reservoir-caprock assemblage logging interpretation method. It is suggested that the caprock evolved too much to favor the hydrocarbon preservation. Thus its sealing ability is the key to hydrocarbon accumulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING

ATTENUATION OF SEISMIC WAVE ENERGY AND ITS CONSTRAINTS Huang Kai, Xu Qunztou, Yang Xiaohai, Lai Zhongkang, Zhang Lufei 1997, 18 (3):  212-216.  Abstract ( 327 )   PDF (329KB) ( 200 )   Save Attenuation of wave amplitude of reservoir rock at simulated high temperature and pressure is measured with spectrum amplitude comparison method in laboratory. Attenuation of elastic wave amplitude in rock is affected by its temperature and pressure, filled fluid properties,fluid saturation,rock composition and structure, etc.. It decreases as the pressure increases and increases as the fluid saturation increases. The attenuation in the sedimentary rock exceeds that of igneous rock. The attenuation in the gas-bearing sands is greater than that of oil-saturated samples which in tum exceeds that of water saturated samples. These differences make it possible to carry out oil, water and gas detection with the geophysical data. References | Related Articles | Metrics

ORGANIC GEOCHEMSTRY

INDICATOR OF GEOLOGIC EVALUATION FOR PRELIMINARY COALFORMED OI PROSPECTING IN COAL-BEARING BASIN Hu Sherong, Wu Yinye 1997, 18 (3):  217-220.  Abstract ( 85 )   PDF (369KB) ( 223 )   Save The sedimentary environment,source thickness and geochemical characteristics in the Jurassic coal-bearing basin, northwestern China were examined and compared with several most famous coal-formed oil-bearing basins in the world. This paper puts forward three indicators of geologic evaluation for preliminary coal-formed oil prospecting in the Jurassic coal-bearing basin, northwestern China, namely, conventional geochemical evaluation indicator,indicators for sedimentary thickness,structural evolution and source maturity, and sequence stratigraphic indicator of source rock in the basin, based on sequence stratigraphy of coal-bearing formation, thickness of coal measure and mudstone, source thickness in geologic history, and present overlying formation thickness. References | Related Articles | Metrics

SIMULATION OF HYDROCARBON EXPULSION IN COAL, TAOYUAN - RONGXINGTUN AREA, LIAOHE BASIN He Guangyu, Chen Rongshu, Zhang Jiahua, Tang Zhonghua, Zhang Weihua 1997, 18 (3):  221-224.  Abstract ( 93 )   PDF (382KB) ( 153 )   Save Based on the recent study results of hydrocarbon expulsion and recent advances made in coal study, it is suggested that the main mechanism for oil and gas migration in coal is hydrocartbon expulsion as an independent phase along the microfracture driven by the elevated pressure resulting from hydrocarbon generation. Hydrocarbon saturation and fracturing pressure are the main controls on hydrocarbon expulsion. The model of hydrocarbon expulsion along the microfracture in coal is then developed, which proved to be reliable and valid while it was applied in the study of hydrocarbon expulsion in Taoyuan - Rongxingtun area, Liaohe basin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

GENETIC CLASSIFICATION OF OILS AND PREDICTION OF FAVORABLE OIL-BEARING ZONES IN LUNAN ARCH IN THE HINTERLAND OF JUNGGAR BASIN Wang Yutao 1997, 18 (3):  225-230.  Abstract ( 147 )   PDF (481KB) ( 185 )   Save Oils from Lunan arch are classified into five types, namely, Xiayan type- -mature to highly mature Paleozoic oils, Shixi type- -highly mature Paleozoic oils, Lunan type- mature Mesozoic and Paleozoic mixed oils, Dixi type- mature Mesoozoic oils, and Dinan type- -low mature to mature Paleozoic oils, based on the physical properties and geochemical data of oils. According to the regular distribution of different oil types in section, along with the trap conditions, three favorable hydrocarbon-bearing zones are circled out. The west part of luliang uplift and Dabasong arch are the moderately. explored areas, the area from north Dongdaohaizi sag to the east side of Wucaiwan sag is the favorable target for Paleozoic self-sourced, self-storaged reservoir, and in the uplift zone at the sag margin it is highly probable to find the fault-screened oil and gas reservoirs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

STRATIGRAPHY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY

GRAVTTY-FLOW DEPOSITION OF ORDOVICIAN CARBONATE IN TAZHONG AREA Li Yuping, Wang Zhenyu 1997, 18 (3):  231-233.  Abstract ( 85 )   PDF (275KB) ( 247 )   Save In Tazhong area, the carbonate platform may be deformed into independent platform, resulting from the Galidonian event during the end of Early Ordovician to early period of Middle Ordovician. The steep slope occurs between the east end of the platform and deep-sea basin within Kuman aucolgon, above which gravity-low carbonate is deposited. based on the drilling data, three different sedimentary types are identified on the slope, namely, colluvial limestone, slip sedimentary rock, and debris flow brecciated limestone. References | Related Articles | Metrics

OUTCROP STUDY ON CONFIGURATIONS AND RESERVOIR HETEROGENETTY IN MEANDERING CHANNEL SANDBODY- An Example from Outcrop Sandbody of Yanan Formation in Northeastern Erdos Basin Zhang Yundong, Li Zhen, Wen Xianduan 1997, 18 (3):  234-238.  Abstract ( 101 )   PDF (479KB) ( 222 )   Save This paper dissected the configuration and reservoir heterogeneity characteristics in meandering channel sandbody in Zhaoshiyao on the scale of macroscope,mesoscope and microscope. Based on the realistical description of the cliff and the observation of space geometric shape, types and characteristics of genetic facies and their interrelation of sandbody, six levels of interfaces, twelve types of reservoir lithofacies and four types of barrier beds were distinguished, their sedimentation and distribution characteristics were studied. Hence an important basis for developing the quantitative reservoir model is provided. References | Related Articles | Metrics

FACIES MODEL AND OIL-BEARING PROPERTY OF CONGLOMERATE RESERVOIR OF BRAIDED RIVER DELTA IN ARNAN SAG OF ERLIAN BASIN Zhang Wenchao, Dang Zhenrong 1997, 18 (3):  239-246.  Abstract ( 106 )   PDF (609KB) ( 179 )   Save Based on the analysis of lithologic sections, log data, sedimentology characteristics, reservoir properties, depositional structures and sedimentary rhythm in Arnan sag of Erlian basin, it is considered that the third member of Arshan formation(Lower Cretaceous) in Arnan sag was product due to one event of sedimentation with multiple provenances and compositions conglomerate of near provenance, coarser clast, low maturation of the composition and texture. This paper firstly presented that A-3 member conglomerate deposited in large size of braided river delta, possessed three beds of structures(i. e. delta plain, delta front and prodelta) of long provenance delta, had sedimentary structure dominated by traction current and positive rhythm section characteristics. Hence ten microfacies such as subwater channel etc. are subdivided, reconstructing the lithofacies and Paleogeography environment of A-3 member and establishing model of these facies. It is pointed out that reservoir space of conglomerate is composed of primary intergranular pore, hole and fracture, secondary denudation pore and structural fracture. Reservoir quality and oil-bearing property of conglomerate and reservoir distribution are all controlled strictly by sedimentary microfacies, gravel propping pattems and structure development degree. References | Related Articles | Metrics

RESERVOIR ENGINEERING

STUDY ON GENERALIZED WATER DISPLACEMENT CURVES- the 4th in Series Yu Qitai 1997, 18 (3):  247-258.  Abstract ( 130 )   PDF (675KB) ( 227 )   Save The generalized water displacemnent curves can be corresponded with many fw-R* relationships. In this paper, 9 types of generalized water displacement curves are presented and corresponded relationships of Np-fw,fw-R*,$\frac{dfw}{dR*}-R*$* and Qt-t and Np-t of corresponded decline curves are derived. The changing characteristics of their relationships of fu- R* were mainly studied with the fgures. The curve of equation (32) has good relatinship of fw-R*,and has already been used in the oilfield. But it has more complex formulas of water displacement curve. The generalized water displacement curves of equations (24) and (25) are valuable ones. For equation (24),that is $N_p=a-\frac{b}{L_{p}^{b}}$, when m is changed from∞ to 0, Arps' decline indices of corresponding decline curves are just changed from 0 to 1,i.e. exponential, hyperbolic and harmonic decline curves, so it has wide representativety and can be used in the bedded reservoirs with water drive especially. The water displacement curve of equation (25), $N_p=a-\frac{b}{W_{p}^{m}}$. is the protruding curve on the coordinate of fw-R*,and can be used in carbonate reservoirs with bottom water drive especially. Related Articles | Metrics

A SIMPLE AND RELIABLE ANALYSIS METHOD OF PRODUCTION DECLINE Li Chunlan, Zhang Zhongyi, Cheng Zhongping, Yang Jun 1997, 18 (3):  259-262.  Abstract ( 138 )   PDF (306KB) ( 230 )   Save On the basis of Arps fundamental production decline law, a simple and reliable analysis method of production decline was presented, and the linear relationship between cumulative production rate and time in log coordinate system was developed. By actual verification, this method is very reliable, and especially suitable for the oilield in which the production rate is greatly fluctuating. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A SIMPLE AND RELIABLE ANALYSIS METHOD OF PRODUCTION DECLINE Li Chunlan, Zhang Zhongyi, Cheng Zhongping, Yang Jun 1997, 18 (3):  264-267.  Abstract ( 93 )   PDF (271KB) ( 204 )   Save On the basis of Arps fundamental production decline law, a simple and reliable analysis method of production decline was presented, and the linear relationship between cumulative production rate and time in log coordinate system was developed. By actual verification, this method is very reliable, and especially suitable for the oilfield in which the production rate is greatly fluctuating. References | Related Articles | Metrics

CORRECTION OF JOSHI FORMULA FOR CALCULATING PRODUCTION RATE IN HTEROGENEOUS RESERVOIR Ye Fangchun 1997, 18 (3):  268-270.  Abstract ( 123 )   PDF (242KB) ( 205 )   Save Joshi formula for calculating production rate in heterogeneous reservoir doesn't adapt for reservoir with anisotropy horizontal permeability. It is suggested that Joshi formula should be corrected by multiplying horizontal permeability by correction factor($d=\sqrt[n]{k_{x}/K_{y}}$). This method is simple and feasible for application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

SELCTON OF WADER INJECTION WELL AND ACIDIZING WELL AND PREDICTING METHOD OF ACDIZING EFFECT Li Hequan, Lang Zaoi, Zhou Wanping, Cu Zhusog 1997, 18 (3):  271-275.  Abstract ( 107 )   PDF (482KB) ( 239 )   Save The analyses of cause, mechanism and diagnosis method arising from formation pollution were made. The principle, empirical method and fuzzy comprehensive identification method for selecting acidizing well were proposed. A mathematical model for calculating formation statics parameters and predicting acidizing effect with performance parameter was developed. Practical example proved that there is an average relative error of 5.6% between predicted and actual daily injection rate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

RESERVOIR STUDY

CHARACTERISTICS AND EVALUATION OF RESERVOIR IN SOUTH WESTERN TARIM BASIN Tang Yong 1997, 18 (3):  277-281.  Abstract ( 97 )   PDF (389KB) ( 189 )   Save According to the study on characteristics and evalution of outcrop and subsurface reservoir of major oil-bearing series in Southwestern Tarim basin,it is considered that reservoir rock of southwestern Tarim basin can be divided into two categories, i.e. carbonate and clastic rock. It has multiple types of pores in which secondary one is dominent. Diagenesis and epigenesis are major factors to control reservoir development. Fracture plays an important role to improve the reservoir property. References | Related Articles | Metrics

THERMAL VISCOUS OIL RECOVERY

PILOT SIEAMFLOODING IN THE SHALLOW AND THIN HEAVY OIL RESERVOIR, 0 AREA, JINGLOU OILFIELD: A COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION Hu Changhong, Liu Xinfu, Ma Chao 1997, 18 (3):  282-286.  Abstract ( 93 )   PDF (399KB) ( 170 )   Save It is a typical pilot steamflooding of shallow and thin extra-viscous oil reservoir. It has two sags: steam simulation and steam drive. This paper systematically describes the technical strategy of steamflood of such reservoir based on the reservoir geology and seamflooding recovery characteristics and holds a comprehensive evaluation of steamflooding performance in terms of active reservoir behavior, development index and economic index. References | Related Articles | Metrics

REVIEW

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY IN CHINA An Zuoxiang 1997, 18 (3):  287-296.  Abstract ( 173 )   PDF (509KB) ( 315 )   Save Petroleum geologic conditions in China have their own characteristics in the aspect of source,reservoir, caprock or migration, accumulation and preservation, for instance, oil generated from continental facies, multiple periods of oil generation, muliplicity of reservoir rocks, complex reservoir lithology, distinctive source-reservoir-caprock assemblage, relatively short-distance remigration of oil and gas, complex oil and gas accumulation belt, and relatively severe organic alteration. Those result from multicyclic tectonie movemnents and regression caused by Indosinian and Yanshan movement. They can be found to different extents in each petroliferous basin in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics