Table of Content

01 October 2001, Volume 22 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

New Ideas for Petroleum Exploration of Paleozoic in Tarim Basin LUO Zhi-li, LUO Ping, LIU Shu-gen, ZHAO Xi-kui, LI Guo-rong 2001, 22 (5):  365-369.  Abstract ( 87 )   PDF (638KB) ( 246 )   Save It is possible to make greater discoveries for petroleum exploration of Paleozoic marine carbonate in Tarim basin, if the train of thought in study of the structures can be opened up or changed. From the view point of Paleozoic structural evolution in Tarim basin which existed “Xingkai taphrogeny” and “Emei taphrogeny”the effects of these taphrogenies on forming hydrocarbon reservoirs of the Paleozoic are analyzed, and some key problems in the exploration are clarified. This paper suggests that the related research ideas should be blazed new trails in order to fit in with the extension structure setting for exploration arrangement and working method. Results show that Tarim is the most favorable oil and gas-bearing basin of Paleozoie in China's three cratonic basins. It is believed that good exploratory results and even new great discovery will be made. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Relation Between the deep Geofluids and Reservoir in Tarim Basin ZHANG Jing-lian, JIN Zhi-jun, YANG Lei, RUI Han-dong 2001, 22 (5):  371-375.  Abstract ( 97 )   PDF (234KB) ( 374 )   Save The occurrence and characteristics of volcanic rocks, organic reefs, gypsum-salts, metal (non-metal) deposits, formation waters in Tarim basin are discussed. The results show that there exist active deep geofluids in the basin. Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic systematics of the bitumen and trace elements of the crude oils support the deep inorganic origin of the bitumen and crude oils. The deep crust structure of the basin shows that petroleum can be formed in the low velocity-high conductive layer by Fischer-Trupsch synthetic reaction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Characteristics of Kuqa and Northern Tarim Foreland Basins and Their Coupling Relation to South Tianshan orogeny LI Yue-jun, SONG Wen-jie, MAI Guang-rong, ZHOU Li-xia, HU Jian-feng, SHANG Xin-lu 2001, 22 (5):  376-381.  Abstract ( 129 )   PDF (813KB) ( 296 )   Save A fully developed conti nent-continent colision orogeny can often form dual foreland basin. Kuqa and northern Tarim foreland basins constitute the dual foreland basin of south Tianshan orogeny. The former is a protoforeland basin formed during Mesozoic continent-continent collision of south Tianshan, and the latter is a neo-foreland basin formed during Cenozoic large-scale intracontinental overthrust of South Tianshan. Kuqa foreland basin was strongly deformed during the consequent orogenesis. Its wedge depozone and possibly part of foredeep depozone had been involved into the consequent orogenises. Northern Tarim foreland basin is an integrated foreland basin with all the depozones. The ancient south Tianshan oceanic basin w as completely closed by the end of Permian(probably earlier at the east part). Yili-Central Tianshan block and Tarim continent were fully collided. And Kuqa foreland basin was formed during this collision. The remote effect of Cenozoic Himalayan orogeny made south Tianshan orogenic belt reactive, emerging intracontinental orogeny. Northern Tarim foreland basin was formed during this intracontinental orogeny. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Classfication of Stratigraphic Sequences of Jurassic in Junggar Basin WANG Yi-lin, WANG Ying-min, QI Xue-feng, GUAN Shou-rui, ZHAO Xiu-qi, LI Ru-feng 2001, 22 (5):  382-385.  Abstract ( 0 )   PDF (1043KB) ([an error occurred while processing this directive])   Save By the method of integrating seismic, drilling and outcrop, Jurassic in Junggar basin is divided into two supersequences(J1-2SS1, J2-3SS2), sev en sequences(J1SS1, J3SS7) and fifteen system tracts. The first supersequence is composed of Sequence Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, corresponding to Shuixigou group of Lower Jurassic, including Badowan for mation, Sangonghe formation and Xishyao formation. The second supersequence composed of sequence V, VI and VI, corresponding to Shishugou group of Middle-Upper Jurassic, including Toutunhe, Qigu and Kalaza formations. This paper presents the main principles and characteristics fused for above classification, and suggests that basal interface is situated within sand formation J2S2，which is an important unconformable surface for hydrocarbon exploration，which those of sequence I and IV situated between coal-seam developed members, but coal-seam cannot be as one of sequential interfaces. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Measures and Strategy for Exploration of Natural Gas Resources in Junggar Basin ZHANG Yi-jie, WANG Xu-long, LIU De-guang 2001, 22 (5):  386-389.  Abstract ( 73 )   PDF (187KB) ( 266 )   Save By the end of Year 2000, 17 natural gas pools have been proved totally in Junggar basin, with proved accumulative gas in place of 57.59x108m3 . The results of geological study and gas resources evaluation show that there still has been more potential for exploration. This paper proposed strategy for gas exploration, based on resource distribution and exploration status. They are:①to take more efforts of exploration of middle-shallow strata in order to maintain continuous growth of gas resources;②to make a breakthrough in deep macro-structures to find out large-scaled gas fields.③to conduct non-conventional evaluation of the gas resources in order to make an arrangement for gas resources succeeding project in strategy. The corresponding countermeasures are given to strengthen studies of seismic prospecting and sedimentary facies, to improve recognition capability of subtle traps; for in-depth study of gas reservoir formed to higher exploration success ratio; and to carry out preliminary research of gas resource exploration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Geologic Characteristics and Distribution Framework of Nat-ural Gas Reservoirs in Junggar Basin KUANG Jun, LIU De-guang, LI Shi-hong 2001, 22 (5):  390-392.  Abstract ( 138 )   PDF (955KB) ( 268 )   Save The principle reasons for no large- and middle- scale natural gas fields with high yield and high enrichment up to now have been found in Junggar basin could be lack of large- scale traps with great thickness and good quality of gas reservoirs as well as high closure and big closed area. The study shows that the fundamental distri bution regularities of the gas reservoirs are as fallows:①The geographic and stratigraphic distribution of gas pools are obv iously controlled by the gas source region, showing that natural gas is much more closely distribution nearby the source region than crude oil;②Normal structures like arch stretching hydrocarbon source region should be main accumulating area;③It is faulting connected with gas source that controlled gas pool's distribution;④Regional cap rock and reservoir rock determined its profile distribution. Based on these knowledge, this paper presents the principles that should be followed and favorable exploratory directions for gas prospecting in Junggar basin. It is believed that these large scale anticline structures such as Mosuowan, Dongwan and Mahu anticline should be as important targets for the gas exploration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Characteristics and Classidication of Petroleum Systems in Tarim Basin ZHAO Jing-zhou, LI Qi-ming 2001, 22 (5):  393-396.  Abstract ( 153 )   PDF (1214KB) ( 216 )   Save Petroleum systems in the Tarim basin are of the typical characteristics of superimposed basins. There exist multiple source rocks, hydrocarbon kichens, critical moments,periods of accumulation as well as multiple petroleum systems. The petroleum systems can be divided into cratonic,foreland and craton-foreland superimposed types and 10 petroleum systems are discerned. The Kuche and Southwestern Tarim are proved foreland petroleum system with excellent conditions for natural gas generation and accumulation. The Lunnan-Caohu, Halahatang, Central Tarim,Bachu-Maigaiti are proved cratonic petroleum systems favorable to marine oil and gas accumulation. The East Tarim and Awati belong to craton-foreland superimposed petroleum systems. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Fine Trap Description and Reservoir Forecast in Yingmai 9 Structure of Tarim Basin ZHANG Xiang-zhong, JIN Tao, WU Xin-song, WANG Zhi-zhang, MA Xiao-fen 2001, 22 (5):  397-399.  Abstract ( 80 )   PDF (418KB) ( 213 )   Save After the well YM9 acquired commercial oil flow, the later exploration in Yingmai 9 structure suffers series of setbacks. In order to recognize correctly the structure shape and predict oil and gas distribution, a study of trap description and reservoir prediction was developed in the area. Based on the old seismic layer mark,a new reasonable one is obtained; and the fine structure map of the goal layer and some dominants of each trap are obtained through a fine structure interpretation; and the reservoir thick property and oil saturation are predicted through some kinds of methods based on inversion of acoustic impedance. On the basis of these, the reasonable advice is provided for the next exploration and exploitation in the area. A new knowledge is obtained which is obviously different from the former researcher's, and which the reason of the exploration failure can be perfectly explained. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reservoir Characteristics and Evaluation of Carboniferous Bioclastic Limestone in Central Tarim Basin MA Qing, WANG Zhen-yu, WANG Xing-zhi, LI Ling, LIU Sheng, GU Qiao-yuan, LI Xing-sheng 2001, 22 (5):  400-404.  Abstract ( 89 )   PDF (706KB) ( 226 )   Save The mostly reservoir space of Bioclastic Limestone Member reservoir are composed by dolomite intercry salline pore, sandstone's intergranular pore, cave and crack in central Tarim basin. The reservoir qualities of sandstone and dolomites are better than limestone. Sedimentary environment, diagenesis and structures are main factors affecting reservoir quality. According to the characteristics of carbonate rock reservoir's pore- structure,the Bioclastic Limestone Member reservoir can be divided into four types, and clarifying distributing area and distributing layer. Based on comprehensive factors analysis of sedimentary facies, diagenesis structures and reservoir characteristics, we evaluated and predicted the advantaged reservoir area of Bioclastic Limestone Member in central Tarim basin, divided it into four type areas, type I is the best area of the Bioclastic Limestone M ember reservoir condition, it is a first choice area for strengthening exploration efforts in future too. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Micro-Heterogeneous Features of Lower Jurassic Reservoir in Kuche Depression CHEN Zi-liao, SHOU Jian-feng, ZHANG Hui-liang, SHEN Jian-jiang, SI Chun-song, WANG Shao-yi 2001, 22 (5):  405-407.  Abstract ( 90 )   PDF (153KB) ( 210 )   Save This paper analyzed the micro-heterogeneous features of different sedimentary microfacies (braided channel,underwater distributary channel, channel bar and debouch bar) of A he formation and Yangxia formation in Tugermin area and Kezilenur area of Kuche depression. The result showed that different sedimentary microfacies possess clearly different rock structures and pore configurations; the braided channel microfacies are of the best reservoir quality,underwater distributary channel microfacies are of average quality,while channel bar and debouch bar of the poorest. F or the same microfacies, that of Tugermin area is better than that of Kezilenur area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Study on Dissolved Heavy Hydrocarbons of Oilfield water in Tarim Basin CHEN Chuan-ping, SUN Wei-lin, SU Xiu-fang 2001, 22 (5):  408-410.  Abstract ( 85 )   PDF (289KB) ( 216 )   Save Dissolved heavy hydrocarbons(>C;) have been separated from Tarim basin's oilfield waters by quantitative extraction of organic solvent. Part constituents of the heavy hydrocarbons have been determined based on GC, GC/MS and carbon stable isotopic analyses, which are mainly middle to long chain n- alkane, i-alkane, some alkyl toluenes and alkyl cyclohexanes. Their constituents are similar to that of oil which suggests that there be direct relationship between the origin and distribution of dissolved heavy hydrocarbon in oilfield waters and oil reservoirs. The study on the dissolved organic compounds in oilfield waters can get the informat ion about oil and gas shows; can be used for indicating the existence of oil or gas reservoir nearly and provide a new idea of traling the direction and path of oil and gas secondary migration and accumulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Structural Characteristics of Bachu Arch and Its Petroliferous Prospects in Tarim Basin ZUO Long-ping, LI Tie, CAO Yang 2001, 22 (5):  411-413.  Abstract ( 118 )   PDF (620KB) ( 266 )   Save The more complicated seismic geologic conditions of Bachu arch in Tarim basin keep its low degrees of exploration so far. This paper, based on interpretation of seismic geologic data from Bachu arch area, presents some new structural traps, and shows band or belted distribution of faults and local structures in this area. Furthermore, following classifying these structural belts and describing structural configuration and trap types, the paper proposed some new knowledge for hydrocarbon controls and the petroliferous prospects in each structural belt, which provide useful basis for continuous exploration of them in future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Geologic and Geochemical Conditions of Condensate-Gas Reservoir Accumulation in Tarim Basin CHEN Yi-cai, YANG Bao-xing, LI Yan-jun, GUO Xiu-ying 2001, 22 (5):  414-416.  Abstract ( 88 )   PDF (310KB) ( 233 )   Save The condensate gas reservoirs in Tarim basin are characterized by great numbers, w ide distribution and lots of reserves, being the most enriched area in condensate gas reservoirs of China mainland. In this paper, based on the mechanism of condensate -gas reservoirs' formation and genesis of phase state, the authors analyzed the properties of reservoirs' formation in Tarim basin, and made a comparison with Sichuan, Erdos and Turpan-Hami basins, then pointed out that the condensate -gas reservoirs have two mechanism of formation and three types of phase state geneses. The key factor of condensate- gas reservoirs accumulation is that diversified hydrocarbon source rocks are in advantage stage of thermal evolution, and the late-stage heavily subsidence as well as late-stage gas migration accumulation provides important conditions of temperature, pressure, preservation for the condensate-gas reservoirs formation. Furthermore, the asynchronous evolution of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation makes for over. mature dry gas wet into condensate gas reservoirs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Prospectiveness of Lithologic Reservoir in Yanqi Basin WU Ming-rong, JIANG Zai-xing, CHAO Ying-chang, ZHU Zhi-guo 2001, 22 (5):  417-420.  Abstract ( 67 )   PDF (736KB) ( 200 )   Save The result of structural recover shows that Yanqi basin is extensional rift-subsidence basin during middle and early Jurassic, it is characterized from the tectonic evolution by firsly compressed and then extend. The evolution feature determined the types and distribution of sediment systems in Jurassic basin. Synthetical studies of depositional system, depositional models and petroleum geological conditions showed that the lower and middle Jurassic in this basin is a suite of coal measures strata, and they have favorable conditions to the formation of lithologic reservoir. Especially,widely developed fan delta system in north abrupt slope and braided delta in south gentle slope and discovery of Zhongmachang and Baolang coarse grain channel system provided a bright prospect for lithologic reservoir exploration. This paper summarized several possible distribution models of lithologic reservoir in this area, it will provide an important reference for oil and gas exploration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Reservoir-Formed Conditions, Exploration Target of Carboniferous in Beisantai Area HE Kai, LI Peijun, HE Xian-ying, WANG Jian-gao 2001, 22 (5):  421-423.  Abstract ( 111 )   PDF (516KB) ( 258 )   Save The oil-source correlation shows that Carboniferous hydrocarbon in Beisantai area mainly came from Pingdiquan formation in Faking depression and Lacaogou formation Bogeda foreland depression.Tge aurth slope of Beisantai arch Became reservoirs only at Episode I of Yanshan movement; while the south slope at Episode I and I of Yanshan movement and Himalayan movement. How well the reservoir quality was dominantly affected by ancient weathering crust,in which upper part of leached zone was of about 100 meters thick, obv iously better than the middle and lower parts. The hydrocarbon migration was dominated by the way of lateral long or near range along the unconformity, with source bed in recent formations and reservoir bed in ancient formation, the distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs is generally controlled by the structural trap, indicating good preserved conditions and abundant oil source supply in north slope of Beisantai area, which will be as an important target area for exploration in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

An Application of Static Correction Methods in3D Seismic Data Processing from Junggar Basin DING Guo-rong 2001, 22 (5):  424-425.  Abstract ( 75 )   PDF (304KB) ( 209 )   Save Junggar basin is mostly covered by Gobi and desert, in which petroleum structures are buried deeply,characterized by relatively complicated strata,more serious fold, multiple types of faults and extremely complicated fracturing systems. So using conventional seismic data processing method tends to giving poor seismic records. For these reasons, this paper presents several static correction methods and put them into field application in hinterland of Junggar basin. The results showed that “done curve method” and static refracted correction method would be more effective and practicable to solve the problems existed in static corrections. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Joint Application of Displacement Curve and Production Prediction Model WANG Jun-kui 2001, 22 (5):  426-428.  Abstract ( 80 )   PDF (420KB) ( 235 )   Save The basic correlation of Models for Type A and Type C displacement curve and production prediction are presented, and the solutions for these models have been found simultaneously,followed by developing a functional correlation of water cut vs. production history(t). Meanwhile, the methods for calculating water cut, annual oil production rate and accumulative production, etc. are provided. By applying them into Samaterol oilfield, it is indicated that the methods can be well used in performance prediction of an oilfield development, because such problems without time factor in curve prediction model and without water cut in production prediction model have been all solved. Related Articles | Metrics

Evaluation of Reservoir Heterogeneity by Flow Unit Index- an example from Baobei block of Baolang oilfield, Yanqi basin SUI Shao-qiang, SONG Li-hong, LONG Guo-qing 2001, 22 (5):  429-430.  Abstract ( 80 )   PDF (132KB) ( 223 )   Save Flow unit is a block of reservoir rock, in which the depositional features and the percolation flow behavior are same or similar. The flow unit index is a kind of comprehensive parameter of geology and reservoir engineering.Using it the reservoir heterogeneity can be more accurately described. In this article, the flow unit index is applied to evaluate the reservoir heterogeneity in Baobei block. The results show that the strongest intrastratal heterogeneity is inⅠ, Ⅰ2and Ⅱ substratum, while the weakest intrastratal heterogeneity is in Ⅲ1 and Ⅱ2 substratum; the strongest in terlayer heterogeneity is in Ⅱ oil reservoir; the strongest plane heterogeneity is in Ⅰ2 and Ⅱ3 substratum, while the weakest plane heterogeneity is in Ⅲ1 and Ⅱ1 substratum. Because these heterogeneity features occur, they must be appreciated adequately in development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

3D Reservoir Geological Model for Xishanyao Formation in Cainan Oillield HU Xiang-yang, XIONG Qi-hua, WANG Zhi-zhang, WU Sheng-he, QIAN Gen-bao, LIU Shun-sheng, YUE Xin-jian 2001, 22 (5):  431-432.  Abstract ( 99 )   PDF (246KB) ( 196 )   Save The 3D reservoir modeling is a new technique developed in recent years,by which characteristics of petroleum reservoir rocks can be predicted in multi- dicipline,the 3D quantitative method and visualization. Based on the detailed stratigraphical correlation and interpretation of micro-structure, sedimentary microfacies, reservoir heterogeneity and reservoir behavior, the detailed 3D geological model for the target area has been developed. This result will be as an important guide to the arrangement and regulation of development scheme, EOR, numerical simulation of reservoir and prediction of remained oil distribution. References | Related Articles | Metrics

An Application of Horizontal Well in Development of Volcanic Reservoirs with Bottom Water YANG Yu, PENG Yong-can, XIA Lan, ZHANG Hui-yong, WU Xu-quan, QIU Zi-gang 2001, 22 (5):  436-438.  Abstract ( 74 )   PDF (413KB) ( 310 )   Save This paper makes analysis and comparison of the recovery effcts between horizontal wells and vertical wells in volcanic reservoir using modern reservoir engineering and numerical simulation techniques, based on geological characteristics of Carboniferous volcanic reservoir in Shixi oilfield, Junggar basin. And the feasibility by using horizontal well for development of such an oilfield has been demonstrated. In addition, the study presents geologic design, productivity analysis and reasonable productivity by horizontal well process. The comparison of field performance data showed that horizontal well is well suitable for development of natural fractured volcanic reservoirs with deep, low permeability, block and bottom water as well as abnormal high pressure and determination of horizontal well productivity is accepted to be reliable and feasible in methodology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evaluation Method for Small Oil Ring Reserves and Development Measures- an example from Kekeya oilfield DENG Xing-liang, LU Ke-feng, MU Wei-jun, KADER 2001, 22 (5):  439-440.  Abstract ( 72 )   PDF (428KB) ( 166 )   Save The oil rings with condensate gas cap in China are found to be relatively small, with only about several millions of tons of reserves. For the oil ring is generally narrow, it is relatively difficult to drill just into it, and there are few oil-rim wells. Such brings difficulties for evaluation of this kind of reservoir development. Especially, the calculation of reserves can hardly be made. Because of very low reserve-production ratio(only about 5: 1) for black oil in Southwestern Tarim basin, this paper made an evaluation of Xiqi' eroil ring in Kekeya field, a difficult developed small oil ring, and found out a set of methods used for estimation of small oil ring reserves, called net pay thickness extrapolation. Also, this paper suggested that using orientational strati-penetrating horizontal drilling technology can improve the producing reserves. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Simple Method for Determination of Gas Well's Non Resistivity Flow During Different Producing Stages-an example from well Shan7in Changqing gasfield GAO Song-hou, HAO Yu-hong, WANG Dong-xu 2001, 22 (5):  441-443.  Abstract ( 104 )   PDF (253KB) ( 205 )   Save Non-resistivity flow in a gas well may be decreasing constantly with the formation pressure lowering.Therefore，a gas well has its different non- resistivity flows in different producing stages. In order to avoid multiple and repeat productivity well testing to a gas well in different producing stages, this paper presented the formula for calculating binomial cofficient in different formation pressures, based on the binomial productivity-calculated equation for gas wells, by which more reasonable non-resistivity flows of gas wells in different producing stages can be simply obtained. Field case application showed that the method is simple and practical to use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

An Introduction of Common Prediction Methods for Oil, Gas Reserves, Production Rate, Requirement ZHOU Zong-ying, ZHANG Kang, ZHOU Qing-fan 2001, 22 (5):  444-447.  Abstract ( 90 )   PDF (211KB) ( 386 )   Save The common predict ion methods for oil and gas reserves, production rate and requirement are introduced systematically in this paper. They are life model simulation method, gray system method, "reserves —production “dual controlled method, random method and indirect method. It also analyzed briefly their basic feature, suitable ranges and relevant mathematical model building. They can be used to compile the middle and long-term plans of oil and gas exploration and development, and to draw up strategy of oil and gas growth. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Origin of Mesozonic Basins on the Northwest Pacific Margin and the North Tethys Margin XU Jun-yuan, ZHANG Ling-yun 2001, 22 (5):  448-451.  Abstract ( 90 )   PDF (619KB) ( 265 )   Save These problems related to origin of the Mesozoic basins on the northwest Pacific margin and the north Tethys margin are selected to be discussed. The results show that:① Tancheng-Lujiang (Tan-Lu) Fault was formed in Preterozoic era and large- scale sinistral parallel displacement occurred. It episodically reactivated as a dextral strike-slipping fault in Mesozoic, which is implied by tectonice style ( “fazy Z”shape) of Mesozoic rifts on its lateral flanks. ②Most of present paleomagnetic data contain many uncertainties and some of them contradict the basic geologic truth. So present paleomagnetic data cannot be used to reconstruct tectonics with a ltle higher precision.③seafloor spreading hypothesis contradicts some geological facts. Seafloor rift passove extension hypothesis,in which active drifts of continental and oceanic plates( blocks) are emphasized, is proposed to replace seafloor spreading hypothesis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Giant Koveikqin Hydrocarbon Accumulation Belt of Wende System in Siberia Platform KAZAKOV B A, DROBOT L E, TOBESHIK B A 2001, 22 (5):  452-458.  Abstract ( 59 )   PDF (1287KB) ( 199 )   Save The characteristics of Koveikqin hydrocarbon accumulation belt are presented, in which Koveikqin condensate gas field is an important target for development. This paper described in detail the hydrocarbon generation, migration process and geological structures of the accumulation belt, stratigraphic features of pay zones and exploratory results, and made an analysis of changes of net pay thick ness, porosity and permeability, and a prediction of gas reservoir distribution within the belt. In addition, a work planning for assisted exploration in Koveikqin field provided by the PetroRussia Company was proposed. Since then, its gas reserves have gone up obviously. It is scheduled that Koveikqin condensate gas field will be brought into commercial production. Related Articles | Metrics