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01 August 2008, Volume 29 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Carbon Isotope Types and Significances of Alkane Gases from Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin DAI Jin-xing, NI Yun-yan, LI Jian, HU Guo-yi, ZHU Guang-you 2008, 29 (4):  403-410.  Abstract ( 93 )   PDF (377KB) ( 183 )   Save The carbon isotope distribution pattern of alkane gases can be divided into three types: normal carbon isotopic distribution characterized by organic genetic alkane gas; negative carbon isotopic distribution characterized by inorganic alkane gas; reversal trend of alkane gas carbon isotope characterized by secondary modified gas. There exist both abundant primary coal-derived gases and oil-type gases in normal carbon isotope distribution and a lot of secondary organic genetic alkane gases in reversal trend of carbon isotope. There is no inorganic genetic alkane gas in primary negative carbon isotope distribution except for individual secondary modified negative carbon isotope derived from organic genetic alkane gases. The carbon isotopic reversal trend has four origins: 1) an admixture of gases from the same source but different stages or from different sources but the same types; 2) an admixture of coal-derived gas and oil-type gas; 3) microbial oxidation of some components of the alkane gases, and 4) an admixture of organic and inorganic alkane gases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Petroleum Resource Prospects of Carboniferous and Permian in Northwestern China KANG Yu-zhu 2008, 29 (4):  415-419.  Abstract ( 122 )   PDF (269KB) ( 244 )   Save This paper reviews the sedimentary systems, oil-gas bearing systems of the Carboniferous and Permian and typical oil and gas fields in northwestern China. It suggests that the Carboniferous and Permian are important sequences for petroleum exploration due to their bright potentials and prospects. Also, this paper gives some favorable areas for further exploration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Evolution Characteristics and Oil-Bearing Potential Evaluation of Petroliferous Basin in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ZHANG Kai 2008, 29 (4):  420-424.  Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (203KB) ( 222 )   Save The petroliferous basin in Qinghai-Tibet plateau is a superimposed basin with multi-plate tectonic cycles, long-period development, organic-inorganic genetic sources and peculiar plateau type in China and even in the world. Its particularity is related to inter-landblock and intercontinental collision activities of Mesozoic and Cenozoic, so it also belongs to an intensive collision-type petroliferous province. The study shows that it is characterized by the fact that the thickness of the crust is big, the extent of the surface uplift is high and the natural geographical environment is poor, being the lower exploration-extent area in China at present. However, compared with the Arctic Ocean and Antarctica that are the hot-spot areas on the rise in recent years, this petroliferous province could be strategically one of explorative areas for replacement of oil resources in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Exploratory Targets of Karamay-Baikouquan Buried Structural Belt in Northwestern Margin of Junggar Basin KUANG Jun, ZHANG Yue-qian, HOU Lian-hua 2008, 29 (4):  431-434.  Abstract ( 114 )   PDF (484KB) ( 248 )   Save The foreland thrust zone in northwestern margin of Junggar basin is a large-scale imbricated thrust system developed since the Late Carboniferous, and Karamay-Baikouquan (Ke-Bai) buried structural belt is situated in the mid-sector of its front structural zone whose tectonic deformation started in the Late Permian and almost ceased in the Jurassic. The Lower Permian and Carboniferous underlying the thrust nappe possess good conditions for forming both source and reservoir in them. In the quasi-autochthonous system developed a series of double fault-fold structures in the lower block of the front faulting zone and conditions for forming various traps. The lithology of the reservoir is characterized by volcanic rocks and glutenites with pores and fissures or fractures. Less controlled by burial depth, the oil-gas pools with both source and reservoir could be formed. It is concluded that Ke-Bai buried structural belt is one of the targets for petroleum exploration in lower block buried zones of northwestern margin of Junggar basin, in which Baijiantan and Baikouquan uplifts should be as preferred targets for prospecting. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Deep and Relatively High-Quality Clastic Reservoir Bodies and Favorable Exploration Areas in Southern Margin of Junggar Basin LEI De-wen, TANG Yong, CHANG Qiu-sheng 2008, 29 (4):  435-438.  Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (434KB) ( 202 )   Save The deep and relatively high-quality clastic reservoir rocks in southern margin of Junggar basin are dominated by anisometric sandstone, medium-fine grained sandstone and very fine grained sandstone deposited in shore and delta front, with characteristics of high compositional and structural maturity, low matrix content, low diagenetic evolution degree, weak cementation and preferable reservoir quality. They are related to the high-energy depositional environment, long-term basic diagenesis, the early long-term burying -the late short-term deep burying, abnormal high pressure and the early cement-the late solution. It is concluded that the structural zones of the second and the third rows could be important areas for exploration in southern margin of Junggar basin. The advantaged reservoir bodies deposited in the high-energy envirojnment of lakeshore and delta front of Paleogene, Neogene, Cretaceous and Lower Jurassic are major targets of petroleum exploration in deep areas of the southern margin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Basement Structure in Junggar Basin: Deep-Sounding by Converted Waves of Earthquakes SHAO Xue-zhong, ZHANG Jia-ru, FAN Hui-ji, U. Romahov, F. Kaydash 2008, 29 (4):  439-444.  Abstract ( 106 )   PDF (794KB) ( 194 )   Save To study the deep structures of basement and crust in Junggar basin, 4seismic profiles from deep-sounding by converted waves of earthquakes have been done with total length of 1600km. The results of investigation show that the crust in Junggar basin features continental character, and the basement of the basin is characterized by two-layer structure, the upper layer is Hercynian folded basement, and the lower is Pre-Cambrian crystalline basement. The total thickness of Hercynian forded basement is less than 10km, to the north of Sangequan swell its thickness is about 3~10km, to the south of it its thickness is only about 0~4km. The depth of the top of Pre-Cambrian crystalline basement is about 5~16km. The total thickness of the crust in the basin changes in range of 44~52km, averages 47~48km. A series of deep fractures have been detected in the basement and the crust in the basin, which are significant in the control of the distribution of oil and gas resources. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Volcanic Reservoir Characteristics of Jamuhe Formation in Zhongguai-District 5-(8) Area in Karamay Oilfield ZHU Guo-hua, JIANG Yi-qin, LI Xian-jing 2008, 29 (4):  445-447.  Abstract ( 94 )   PDF (464KB) ( 317 )   Save The volcanic reservoir of Jiamuhe formation in Zhongguai-District 5-(8) area in Karamay oilfield is characterized by developed pyroclastic rocks and lava. The pyroclastic rocks dominated by crystal debris,lithic intra-dissolution pore and volcanic ash devitrified pore consist mostly of tuff, tuffite and volcanic breccia; the lava dominated by semi-filled or unfilled bubble and condensed shrinkage fissure contains andesite and basalt. In the lava and pyroclastic rocks, the filled chlorite, zeolite and cacite destroyed the primary reservoir spaces formed in cooling diagenetic stage. Such a case was still not improved due to weak and non-universal dissolution in neutral-acidic volcanic rocks of upper sub-formation of Jamuhe formation, despite the fact that late surface water leaching and in situ acidic fluid dissolution allowed the reservoir quality to be improved in some degree. It is believed that late fractures could have good effects on improvement of the reservoir quality of such volcanic rocks. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Zhundong-Zhangbei Structure and Its Oil-Gas Prediction QU Guo-sheng, LU Miao-an, LI Tao, Ma Zong-jin, LI Yi-gang, TIAN Ye 2008, 29 (4):  448-451.  Abstract ( 100 )   PDF (658KB) ( 168 )   Save It is shown that Zhundong area is a wide marginal mountain area in eastern Junggar basin, in which the chessboard-like structures formed by SN and EW faults, anticline and syncline occur, by the analysis of the changes of present basement and tectonic topography, paleo-structures of east Junggar marginal region. The south segment of Zhangbei uplift is a typical faulted-fold belt, formed by the thrusting from west to east. The 3D structures in different stages since Permian show that the SN faults of basement control the SN distribution of Zhangbei slope and uplift as well as the sub-fault formations in cap rocks. Based on analysis of fault systems of Zhundong-Zhangbei uplift, this paper discusses the relationship between fault systems and oil-gas accumulations in it. It is recognized that the SN fault is a good channel for oil-gas migration. And the several potential oil and gas traps and belts could be in the slope area of west Zhangbei faulted-fold belt, middle-east part of Jimusaer depression, footwall of Huobei fault and southern Shiqiantan depression. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Delineation of the Unconformity Horizon in Upper Jurassic in Jiergelehe Area of Wusu,Xinjiang, China PENG Xi-ling, YUAN Wen-xian, LIU Zhao-rong, LAI Shi-xin, HU Bin 2008, 29 (4):  452-456.  Abstract ( 75 )   PDF (491KB) ( 192 )   Save There exists a huge unconformity of Upper Jurassic in Tuositai-Jiergelehe area, which was initially classified as the bottom boundary of Qigu formation of Upper Jurassic. But it has been classified as the bottom boundary of Toutunhe formation of Middle Jurassic, and these two formations can not be divided into sub-formations. This paper confirms that the present delineation of the unconformity is a mistake, based on the results from near three-year repetitive investigations. It is concluded that this unconformity does exist between the bottom of Qigu formation and the top of Toutunhe formation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Potential Petroleum Resources and Favorable Prospecting Directions in Zhujiangkou Basin in Northern Margin of the South China Sea HE Jia-xiong, CHEN Sheng-hong, LIU Shi-lin, LIU Hai-ling 2008, 29 (4):  457-461.  Abstract ( 106 )   PDF (236KB) ( 190 )   Save Since 1980, more than 20oil-gas fields have been found in northern rift zone and central uplift zone of Zhujiangkou basin, with the annual production above ten million cubic meters. Up to now, the exploration extents in these zones are higher, but the middle-deep prospecting effort is fewer. However, the rift and uplift zones in southern Zhujiangkou basin situated in deep water region with much lower extent of oil-gas exploration and research have obtained significant breakthrough and progress in recent years, showing huge petroleum resource potentials or prospects. Based on previous studies on the oil-gas migration and accumulation as well as reservoir conditions and characteristics in this basin, it is suggested that the middle-deep layer in northern rift zone and the Baiyun sag and surrounding deep water zone in southern rift zone are favorable zones or targets for further exploration, and in-depth research and adding efforts for petroleum exploration should be required here. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Prospects for Development of Oil Shale Deposits in Southeastern Margin of Junggar Basin BAI Yun-lai 2008, 29 (4):  462-465.  Abstract ( 175 )   PDF (308KB) ( 186 )   Save The Urumqi-Jimusaer oil-shale mineralized belt of Late Permian is arcuately distributed in basin-mountain transform part between Junggar basin and Bogda mountain, which is about 134km in length and 10~20km in width. From west to east, many oil-shale deposits formed in inland lake environment are found in Yaomoshan, Shuimogou, Loucaogou, Sangonghe and Jiucaiyuanzi areas, with thickness of 0.6~10m in monolayer and 24~71m in total, with black color, a little lipid luster, less rigidity and oil-bearing ratio of 3.7% ~13.7%. The oil shale can be divided into four types such as paper, bitumen-turbination, layered and sandy ones, of which the paper-like oil shale is the best in quality. It is indicated that the predicted resources of oil shale amount to 114×108t (converting into shale oil is 5.7×108t) and proved resources of oil shale amount to 4×108t (converting into shale oil is 0.2×108t) in this oil-shale mineralized belt. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Petroleum Exploration Prospects of Jurassic in Chaoshui Basin WANG Chang-gui, MA Guo-fu 2008, 29 (4):  466-468.  Abstract ( 135 )   PDF (249KB) ( 180 )   Save Chaoshui basin is the largest Jurassic basin in the Gansu Corridor, in which the hydrocarbon generation indices in the Middle-Lower Jurassic coal seam and lacustrine shale are similar to those in Tuha basin, but the area of hydrocarbon generating sags and the thickness of source rocks are smaller than those in Tuha basin, and its petroleum resources account for 1/5of the total in this basin. The Qingtujing group of Middle-Lower Jurassic belongs to a low-porosity and low-permeability reservoir. Chaoshui basin is characterized by lacking of anticline structural zone formed in Himalayan movement and the fault-block and faulted anticlinal traps. Although the scale of this basin is smaller than that of Tuha basin, the Qingtujing reservoir with petroleum resources of about 2×108t has been found. It is concluded that Chaoshui basin still has good prospects for hydrocarbon exploration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Sedimentary Facies and Reservoir Evaluation of Xueshan Formation of Upper Jurassic in Tuonamu Area, Qiangtang Basin, Tibet WEI Yu-shuai, WANG Cheng-shan, JIN Wei, LI Ya-lin 2008, 29 (4):  469-474.  Abstract ( 64 )   PDF (308KB) ( 211 )   Save Shuanghu-Tuonamu area in Qiangtang basin is situated in northern Tibet plateau, along Qiangbei depression and central uplift zone, with widespread Xueshan formation deposits of Upper Jurassic. Two sedimentary associations in its vertical structure appear one coarsen-upward filling sequence. Delta and alluvial fan facies are developed in the first member and second member of Xueshan formation, respectively. The delta facies includes two subfacies of delta front and delta plain. The subfacies of delta front consists of the microfacies of distributary channel, mouth bar, distal bar and interdistributary bay; the subfacies of delta plain consists of the microfacies of natural levee and distributary channel. The alluvial fan facies include the subfacies of outside fan and middle fan. The reservoir analysis shows that the reservoir quality of the second member of Xueshan formation belongs to medium reservoir, better than that of the first member of Xueshan formation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Simulation of Present Tectonic Stress Field and the Prediction of Tectonic Fractures of Ordovician in Tazhong Area, Tar im Basin LIU Cong, HUANG Xiao-bo, FAN Tai-liang, WANG Zeng-xiang, ZENG Qing-bo 2008, 29 (4):  475-477.  Abstract ( 93 )   PDF (276KB) ( 213 )   Save Fractured reservoir is one of the main types of Carbonate reservoirs in Tazhong area, which controls the petroleum productivity of the Ordovician. Based on the related geological data, the present tectonic stress filed of Ordovician is simulated using 3D finite element method. The fracture-developed zones of Middle-Lower and Upper Ordovician in Tazhong area are predicted with Griffth's rupture criterion. The statistical fracture linear density of single well and the locations of oil-gas wells testify that the tectonic fracture zones predicted by using 3D finite element method basically agree with the actual fracture areas in Tazhong. It also shows that the oil-gas reservoirs are mostly located in areas with high tectonic stress fields. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Hydrocarbon Source Analysis of Buried-Hill Reservoir of Ordovician in Western Lunnan Area of Tabei Uplift ZHAO Meng-jun, QIN Sheng-fei, PAN Wen-qing, SONG Yan, WANG Zhao-ming, HAN Jian-fa, LIU Shao-bo, ZHANG Bao-min 2008, 29 (4):  478-481.  Abstract ( 87 )   PDF (262KB) ( 182 )   Save The heavy oil in the western Lunnan area is characterized by low saturated hydrocarbon or low saturated hydrocarbon to aromatic hydrocarbon ratio, high content of wax and high colloid and asphaltene, showing that the oil experienced diffusion of light hydrocarbons and degradation of microorganism. It is concluded that the oil in this area is the mixed oil derived from Middle-Lower Cambrian and Middle-Lower Ordovician source rocks based on the oil biomarkers and reservoir bitumen analysis. According to the source rock development and hydrocarbon filling periods, it could also get the same conclusion that the oil in Ordovician buried hill reservoir is filled by hydrocarbons generated mainly from Middle-Lower Cambrian and Middle-Lower Ordovician source rocks. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Geological Modeling of Dual Porosity Igneous Reservoir in Chepaizi Oilfield in Junggar Basin LIU Rui-lan, WANG Ze-hua, SUN You-guo, GUO Gui-sheng, CAI Xian-ping 2008, 29 (4):  482-484.  Abstract ( 100 )   PDF (300KB) ( 219 )   Save Based on the geological, seismic, logging, well test data and the structural modeling, the lithofacies, fracture zone, fracture density and fracture porosity models for dual porosity reservoir of igneous rocks in Chepaizi oilfield in Junggar basin are developed. Also, the structural system model for target zones with different sizes and scales are developed, including hydrodynamic and permeability models for dual porosity reservoirs based on the tectonic stress, imaging log, micro-seismic wave inspection and well test analysis, etc. These models can be used as guides for calculation of the reserves in such a reservoir in Chepaizi oilfield. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Sequence Stratigr aphy and Reservoir Evolvement of Triassic Baikouquan Formation in Wuerhe Oilfield LIU Wen-feng, HU Ping-ying, WU Bao-cheng, MENG Xiang-chao, WANG Hai-ming, GONG Qing-shun 2008, 29 (4):  485-487.  Abstract ( 142 )   PDF (384KB) ( 188 )   Save The Baikouquan formation (T1b) of Triassic in Wuerhe oilfield can be divided into one long-stage semi-cycle (LSC), three midstage cycles (MSC) and seven short-stage cycles (SSC) which are in correspondence with the sandbody development period, that is, each period sandbody developed in each SSC correspondingly. The cycle evolvement is characterized by asymmetry-cycle, symmetry-cycle and asymmetry-cycle from bottom to top. The first asymmetry-cycle is resulted from that the sediments of previous stratum descending stage were washed down by post fluvial channels, followed by shaping scour surfaces; the last one is due to the increasing accommodations allowing descending cycles to be under-compensation sediments. The major reservoir units, MSC1and middle-bottom part of MSC2, are located in eary-middle period of LSC and composed of retrograding-upgrading SSC sediments with overlapped sand-gravel lithologies in middle-fan sub-facies of alluvial fan. The quality and productivity of MSC1reservoirs are obviously better than those of MSC2reservoirs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Jurassic Megaspore Assemblages in Hinter land of Junggar Basin LUO Zheng-jiang, CHENG Xian-sheng, WANG Rui, A Li-ya, LUO Ling 2008, 29 (4):  488-491.  Abstract ( 91 )   PDF (443KB) ( 180 )   Save Abundant megaspores were discovered from 13wells in hinterland of Junggar basin. They are grouped into two assemblages, namely Badaowan formation-Lower Sangonghe formation assemblages with abundant fossils of Kuqqia megaspore of Early Jurassic and Upper Sangonghe formation-Xishanyao formation assemblage of Middle Jurassic. Based on the distribution and existing era of these two assemblages, integrated with plants and bivalve fauna classification, this paper suggests that the boundary of Early Jurassic and Middle Jurassic should be placed at the contact between the Lower and Upper Sangonghe formation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Composite Determination of Reasonable Submergence Pressure in Sucker Rod Pumped Well ZHU Zhi-hong, HAN Hong-yan, YI Yong-gang, XIANG Qian, GUAN Mi-sheng, XIE Wen-qiang 2008, 29 (4):  492-494.  Abstract ( 100 )   PDF (149KB) ( 203 )   Save This paper discusses the methods for the theoretical calculation and statistical analysis to determine the reasonable submergence pressure of sucker rod pumps and synthetically considers the best efficiency of pumps, system efficiency of sucker rod pumped well and the maximal production from such a well. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Superheated Steam Quality and Its Application to Heavy Oil Reservoir Development by Steam Stimulation—An example from upsalt heavy oil reservoir in Kenjiyake field LI Chun-tao, QIAN Gen-bao, WU Shu-hong, YU Ke-quan, YANG Yu-ping 2008, 29 (4):  495-497.  Abstract ( 100 )   PDF (150KB) ( 526 )   Save Superheated steam, compared with wet average steam, has higher heat content and specific volume, by which for steam stimulation, not only can the bottom hole steam quality and steam swept volume be increased, but also it is characterized by higher visbreaking, heat expansion, blocking, crude distillation rate and oil displacement efficiency than those by wet average steam. The upsalt heavy oil reservoir in Kenjiyake field has experienced pilot test of superheated steam stimulation using direct steam generator integrated with steam-reheated devices, and good responses are gained. Compared with wet average steam stimulation, the superheated steam stimulation applied to such a heavy oil reservoir development is of more perfect effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Stratified Profile Modification Technologies for High-Temperature Reservoir of Sangonghe Formation in Wellblock Cai-9of Cainan Oilfield GONG Zhao-bo, WANG Yu-qin, FU Guang-hui, ZHOU Hui-ze, YANG Zhao-hui 2008, 29 (4):  498-499.  Abstract ( 94 )   PDF (89KB) ( 220 )   Save The Sangonghe reservoir in Wellblock Cai-9has been produced by stratified water injection and internal profile modification to improve the injection profile or waterflooding efficiency due to its uneven injection profile and decreased producing percent. The highintensity and anti-high-temperature phenolaldehyde gel system is used as a profile control agent to investigate the effects of polymer concentration and promoter on gel quality. The results show that the phenolaldehyde gel system features good temperature tolerance, thermal stability and plugging property. Case studies from two wells in Sangonghe reservoir in July 2006showed incremental oil production of 1247t up to July 2007, indicating that this system is effective and feasible to the reservoir. References | Related Articles | Metrics

New Method for Calculation of Deviation Factor of Natural Gas XU Jin-jin, LI Zhi-ping 2008, 29 (4):  500-501.  Abstract ( 88 )   PDF (85KB) ( 172 )   Save At present, the methods for determination of deviation factor of gas reservoir are mainly experimental measurement, formula calculation and chart curves. In field application, the programming calculation is needed, and for each calculation the program has to be used for each time, inputting a series of parameters as required. To resolve the heavy problem, this paper presents a new calculation method, that is, only to calculate the initial deviation factor one time, and then combine the material balance equation of constant volume dry gas reservoir with the actual production data, the deviation factor of natural gas is obtained. Applying to SZ gas felid of Daqing indicates that this method is simple, practicable and reliable. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Permeability Up-Scaling Method Based on the Relationship Between Porosity and Permeability FENG Ming-sheng, YUAN Shi-yi, ZHAO Li-min, XU An-zhu 2008, 29 (4):  502-503.  Abstract ( 98 )   PDF (86KB) ( 177 )   Save Permeability can be estimated using the porosity from logging interpretation and the porosity-permeability model from the core analysis. Permeability up-scaling can be done by the thickness weighted-average method or the geometric average method. This paper first proved that, permeability calculated from the thickness weighted averaged porosity and the porosity-permeability model is equal to that obtained from the geometric average method, rather than that from the thickness weighted-average method. It also proved that the geometric averaged permeability is less than or equal to the thickness weighted-average one. This shows that different up-scaling methods lead to great different permeability values. References | Related Articles | Metrics

In-Situ Stress Research of Wellblock Huo-10in Huo'erguosi Anticline in Junggar Basin LIU Ying-biao, YANG Hu, DENG Ping 2008, 29 (4):  504-506.  Abstract ( 89 )   PDF (267KB) ( 134 )   Save Borehole unstability is one of the major problems that hamper the drilling in Huo'erguosi anticline. Comprehensive analysis of geological and engineering data indicates that, due to the extrusion of tectonic movement, the anticline features high in-situ stresses and broken formations, causing frequent borehole collapse and lost circulation problems. In this paper, in-situ stress models for Huo'erguosi anticline are put forward with the data from the core analysis and hydraulic fracturing test. Then, the in-situ stress profile and distribution of Wellblock Huo-10are established. They could be as guides for the borehole stability research in this area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Discussion on Production Methods for Hongshanzui Conglomerate Reservoir LI Yong-xin, LI Dong-wen, LI Hong, WANG Yu-qin, WU Yue-feng, ZHANG Ting-hui 2008, 29 (4):  507-509.  Abstract ( 112 )   PDF (252KB) ( 159 )   Save Hongshanzui oilfield has more than 20-year history of water-injection development. Although the recovery percent of reserves is relatively low at present, the overall water-cut of this oilfield is high, and the injection-production conflict is very serious. To obtain better development effect, studies on technologies such as water drive at late stage, polymer flooding and deep profile control and oil displacement have been carried out using numerical simulation technology for Lower Karamay reservoir in faulted block Hong-48, which is the key reservoir of the oilfield. The results show that under the current conditions the ultimate recovery by water drive can reach the calibrated recovery; the stable oil production by water-cut control and the improved ultimate recovery can be realized through polymer flooding, but the operational cost for this technology is relatively high and the water quality should be improved. The recovery by deep profile control and oil displacement is less than that by polymer flooding, but this technology can be used to better solve the problems that happened during polymer flooding process. It is concluded that deep profile control and oil displacement technology is the best production method for improving the development effect under the current conditions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Ground Stress Model for Complicated Geologic Structures and Chart Interpr etation Method YANG Hu, LIU Ying-biao 2008, 29 (4):  510-512.  Abstract ( 88 )   PDF (196KB) ( 292 )   Save Because tectonic stress coefficient from conventional horizontal stress model can hardly be obtained accurately, the corresponding mathematic expression is unable to make. By using the well logging data, formation breakdown test or hydraulic fracturing test, the minimal horizontal main stress can be measured accurately. Based on formation rock strength parameters acquired from logging data inversion calculation, the target well's horizontal main stress mathematic expression is established and the interpretation chart is drawn, and the maximal horizontal main stress can be calculated finally. In this new method, the overlying rock weight, the geologic structural stress and the formation pore pressure are all considered for the purpose of forecasting the horizontal main stress in target area for petroleum exploration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Characteristics of High-Low Resistivity Oil Layers and the Identification of Low-Resistivity Oil Layers in Well Tai-60 SHEN Ying, LING Yun, ZHU Si-quan, LUO Ling, ZHANG Xiao-li 2008, 29 (4):  513-516.  Abstract ( 83 )   PDF (459KB) ( 192 )   Save Based on the features of the two types of reservoirs, the characteristics of lithological and physical properties, pore structures and their differences between high-and low-resistivity oil layers are studied for the purpose of effective identification of such oil layers in Well Tai-60. It is suggested that the origin of low-resistivity oil layers is the relatively high irreducible water saturation and high content of illite-montmorillonite mixed-layer minerals. And the low well log response differences between these oil layers show that the well log response of low-resistivity oil layers is similar to those of neighboring mudstones and dry layers. These results are not effectively used to identify the low-resistivity oil layers with conventional logging methods. This paper presents the method by well logs, overlapping densitysonic and density-compensated neutron logging curves, integrated with the relatively relationships among the three resistivity curves as well as the geochemical indices for effective identification of the low-resistiveiy oil layers. The production test data indicate that this method can be used to realize the fast-identification of low-resistivity oil layers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of Profile Modification and Oil Displacement Technologies to Edge-Bottom-Water Reservoirs LI Hong, LI Yong-xin, Deng Yong, LI Dong-wen, WANG Yu-qin, LI Ai-jun 2008, 29 (4):  517-519.  Abstract ( 85 )   PDF (171KB) ( 182 )   Save It is very important to improve the development effect of edge-bottom-water reservoirs, for this kind of reservoirs widely distribute in Xinjiang oilfield. Due to more and more serious influences of edge water invading and bottom water conning on the production, pilot tests of deep profile control and oil displacement technologies are carried out in succession according to the different geological characteristics and development stages of the edge-bottom-water reservoirs. Through these tests, not only is the swept volume of the injection water enlarged, but also the invading speed of the edge water is restrained, and the development effect of the reservoirs is improved. At the same time, some ideas about how to apply profile modification and oil displacement technologies to deal with the edgebottom-water reservoirs are gained from this study. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Development and Application of Near Surface Structure Interpr etation System XUE Wei-ping, ZHENG Hong-ming, Rehmatwula, JIANG Lin, LIU Yi-wen, LOU Bing 2008, 29 (4):  520-522.  Abstract ( 82 )   PDF (272KB) ( 149 )   Save With the progress of lithology and accurate seismic exploration, the analysis of near surface structure becomes more important. The static correction technology has kept on progressing with more and more new methods in recent years, but they are relatively isolated. Because it is a complicated project involving many factors, especially considering multi-survey processing or previous static correction parameters, the corresponding computation and technology platform are needed to analyze many types of near surface information of different stages and build near surface structural model. The near surface structure interpretation system is a professional platform integrated with near surface structure analysis and static correction modeling. This system provides a technological platform for the analysis of velocity and thickness distribution of near surface research points and the study of static correction methods, and improves the management of seismic assistant information of oil field and the static correction technology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Sustainable Development of Chinese Oil-Gas Resources Needs the Petroleum Geology Theory with Chinese Feature GUO Zhan-qian 2008, 29 (4):  523-527.  Abstract ( 85 )   PDF (163KB) ( 174 )   Save Chinese continental nuclear is the smallest of nine continental nucleus in the world, with geodynamic environment "compressed by all orientations". It is this geodynamic environment with Chinese feature that allows many Chinese geologists to be well known at home and abroad by establishing the geology theories with Chinese feature. Early In 1082, the word "petroleum" was proposed by Chinese Shen Kuo, 748years earlier than that given from the Principle of Geology first published abroad. In addition, these famous geotectonic theories or hypotheses proposed by Chinese geologists are generally acknowledged in the world, such as Yanshan Movement by Weng Wenjing; Geomechanics by Li Siguang; Geodepressional Hypothesis by Chen Guoda; Fault-Block Architectures by Zhang Wen-you; Polycyclic Geotectonics by Huang Jiqing; Wavy Mosaic Structure Hypothesis by Zhang Bosheng, etc., which greatly boosted the development of Chinese geology theory. In petroleum geology, TSM Modility for petroliferous basin study proposed by Zhu Xia and The Peculiar Styles of China's Petroliferous Basins and Theoretic Significances by Zhang Yuchang did have original views. Just As what Engels pointed out: the development of production can't depart from the highly developed theory. Also, Chinese oil-gas resources sustainable development needs the guidance from new petroleum geology theories or hypotheses with Chinese feature. The existing theories about basin shaping, hydrocarbon generation and accumulation have to accept austere challenges. More and more data or evidences indicate the possibility of inorganic genesis of hydrocarbons, which are significantly changing the foundations of petroleum geology theories available. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Relationship Between Large Gas Fields and Deep Crust Structures in West China FANG Le-hua, ZHANG Jing-lian, CHEN Qi-lin, SHI Lan-ting, WEI Ping-sheng, ZHANG Hu-quan 2008, 29 (4):  528-531.  Abstract ( 63 )   PDF (174KB) ( 194 )   Save In recent years, the relations between the large gasfields in West China and the evolutions of Tarim plate, Yangtze plate and Sino-Korean plate are paid close attention to. Following the failure of plate tectonic theory in the continents around the world, problems also arise from geologic phenomena that are associated with subduction zones including back-arc spreading, continental growth, recycling of crustal materials, mineralization and petroleum accumulation. This paper takes some large gasfields as examples to explain the natural gas generation is related with the deep crustal structures, especially with the low velocity-high conductive zone of the mid-crust, in which the natural gas can be synthesized by mantle fluids (CO2, CO, H2, etc.). Natural gas generation and distribution are in accordance with this hypothesis. According to this hypothesis, some new large gas fields are predicted. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Re-Discussion on A Discussion About A New Model for Forecasting Production of Oil and Gas Fields WANG Jun-kui 2008, 29 (4):  532-534.  Abstract ( 83 )   PDF (109KB) ( 181 )   Save The paper A Discussion about A New Model for Forecasting Production of Oil and Gas Fields ("A Discussion" for short) written by Xu Yi and Du Ying presented that some errors in math principle exist in Wang-Li's model for production forecast, resulting in the groundless model and the unreliable case-study results. However, "A Discussion" had not proposed the reasons and arguments for negating the Wang-Li's model except for three questions in it. This paper makes in-depth theoretical analysis and applied verification of this model structure, and further indicates that the math principle for the Wang-Li's model is correct, its structure is also precise. When the integral limit of the model t=0, Np0≠0; when the constant C>-1, the incredible results do not appear at all. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study on the Genesis of H2S-Bearing Natural Gas in Carbonate Reservoirs DING Kang-le, LI Shu-yuan, YUE Chang-tao, ZHONG Ning-ning 2008, 29 (4):  535-538.  Abstract ( 86 )   PDF (199KB) ( 204 )   Save Isothermal simulation experiments on natural gas-solid calcium sulfate system have been carried out under high temperature and high pressure, and possible reaction pathways and thermodynamic characteristics of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) have been discussed. The results show that hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, calcium carbonate, water and carbon are the main products in the TSR system. With increasing TSR, the total hydrocarbon amount in natural gas decline, and the gas dryness and gas souring index increase. The general reaction expression for TSR involving natural gas and a thermodynamic analysis of TSR system are given. Longchain hydrocarbons take priority of reaction with solid calcium sulfate over short-chain hydrocarbons. Feixianguan formation oolitic shoal high H2S natural gas pool in northeastern Sichuan basin is taken as an example for geologic case studies of TSR system. It is found that the results from simulation experiments basically coincide with the geologic case studies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Modern Crust Movements and the Reserves Ascending Mechanism A. N. Dmitrievsky, I. E. Balanyuk, A. V. Karakin, Yu. A. Povexenko 2008, 29 (4):  539-543.  Abstract ( 70 )   PDF (176KB) ( 162 )   Save The effects of the deep fractures of crust and block tectonic movements on the fluid migration in sedimentary cap rocks are elaborated. A lot of real data from the large-scale petroliferous provinces in Russia such as Caucasia, West Siberia and Tartar are analyzed. It is indicated that ascending reserves and production rates are universally found in old blocks and abandoned wells in old oilgas fields that have been developed for many years. It is concluded that the emergences of such phenomena are closely related with the periodical changes of the deep crust dynamic environment. Related Articles | Metrics