新疆石油地质

›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 1-1.doi: 10.7657/XJPG20190215

• 论文 •    

原油降解菌苍白杆菌属的性能及菌株筛选

徐兵1，2，俞理3，马原栋3，黄立信3，刘彬1，2，王天源1，2，付颖1，2   

  1. (1.中国科学院大学 工程科学学院,北京 100190;2.中国科学院 渗流流体力学研究所,河北 廊坊 065007;3.中国石油 勘探开发研究院 廊坊院区,河北 廊坊 065007)
  • 出版日期:2019-04-01 发布日期:1905-07-16

Properties of Ochrobactrum of Crude Oil Degrading Bacteria and Strain Screening

XU Bing1,2, YU Li3, MA Yuandong3, HUANG Lixin3, LIU Bin1,2, WANG Tianyuan1,2, FU Ying1,2   

  1. (1.School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; 2.Institute of Porous Flow & Fluid Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, Langfang, Hebei 065007, China; 3.Langfang Branch, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Langfang, Hebei 065007, China)
  • Online:2019-04-01 Published:1905-07-16

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摘要： 从克拉玛依油田六中区地层水中筛选并分离得到了一类具有原油降解和乳化功能的菌株，依据生理生化和16SrDNA特征，应为苍白杆菌属。实验研究发现，该菌生长最适宜pH值为6~9，最适温度为25~37 ℃，耐盐度为0~5%. 以原油为唯一碳源，菌株发酵液的乳化指数达52%，在66 h后达到发酵稳定期，具有一定的乳化功能，能够消耗原油中的饱和烃和芳香烃以及轻质组分，使原油中的饱和烃相对含量从68.00%减少至53.73%，芳香烃、非烃和沥青质相对含量则分别由11.04%，14.10%和6.86%增加至12.44%，24.81%和9.02%，w（C21-）/w（C22+）和w（C21+22）/w（C28+29）分别由1.41和2.35减小至0.88和0.44，Pr/nC17由1.53增加到13.43，Ph/nC18从1.70显著增加至35.00，原油被菌株有效降解，为其进一步应用于现场驱油试验以及石油污染土壤等修复领域提供可能。

Abstract: A type of strain with crude oil degradation and emulsification characteristics was screened and separated from the formation water in District Liuzhong, Karamay oilfield, which should belong to Ochrobactrum according to the characteristics of physiology and biochemistry and 16SrDNA sequence analysis. Experimental study shows that the optimum pH value, temperature and salt tolerance for the bacteria growth are 6~9, 25~37 ℃ and 0~5%, respectively. The crude oil is the sole carbon source, the emulsification index of the strain fermentation liquor reaches 52% and steps into a stable stage after 66 h, which can consume the saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and light components in crude oil and then the relative content of saturated hydrocarbon in crude oil decreases from 68.00% to 53.73%, the relative contents of aromatic hydrocarbon, non-hydrocarbons and asphaltene increase from 11.04%, 14.10% and 6.86% to 12.44%, 24.81% and 9.02%, respectively; w（C21-）/w（C22+） and w（C21+22）/w（C28+29） reduce from 1.41 and 2.35 to 0.88 and 0.44, respectively; Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18 increase from 1.53 and 1.70 to 13.43 and 35.00, respectively. The crude oil is degraded by the strain effectively, which provides possibilities for its further application in field oil displacement test and contaminated soil restoration.

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