地震构造解释中断层阴影区假断层现象分析——以松辽盆地北部敖古拉断层为例

doi:10.7657/XJPG20200214

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

敖古拉断层及其附近的构造落实对松辽盆地北部齐家古龙凹陷区的勘探开发有重要意义。在敖古拉断层下盘地震构造解释研究过程中,从区域构造规律、过断层井测井曲线对比、密井网构造解释和地震正演分析4个方面,证明了敖古拉断层下盘地震构造成像不准确,存在断层阴影,以往地震构造解释的一条近似直立的断层为假断层。分析认为,在松辽盆地北部由于大断距正断层断穿下白垩统嫩江组二段低速地层,造成局部低速地层全部断失或部分断失,导致断层两侧地层速度横向突变,在大断层下盘形成地震成像不准确的断层阴影区。提出在高精度速度建模基础上的叠前深度偏移技术可以消除断层阴影现象;针对常规时间域地震资料,可根据地震正演结果,井震结合开展构造解释。断层阴影区假断层的识别为敖古拉油田周边井位部署提供了技术支撑。

关键词: 松辽盆地, 敖古拉断层, 断层阴影, 低速地层, 井震结合, 地震正演

Abstract:

The ascertain of Aogula fault and its nearby structures has important significance in exploration and development of Qijiagulong sag in the northern Songliao basin. During the seismic interpretation of the footwall of Aogula fault, from 4 aspects like regional structure, logging curve comparison, structural interpretation of dense well pattern and seismic forward modeling, it is proved that a previously interpreted near-upright fault is a pseudo-fault due to the inaccurate structural imaging and the existence of fault shadow. It is concluded that all or partial low-velocity intervals are broken in local areas and the interval velocities of the strata located on both sides of the fault abruptly change laterally, resulting in an inaccurate fault shadow in the footwall of the fault, both of which can be attributed to a large fault-throw normal fault passing through the low-velocity interval of the Lower Cretaceous Nenjiang formation in the northern Songliao basin. The paper proposes that the pre-stack depth migration technology based on high-precision velocity modeling can improve the phenomenon of the fault shadow. Regarding the seismic data in conventional time domain, structural interpretation can be carried out by using seismic forwarding modeling results and logging-seismic integration. The identification of the pseudo-fault in the fault shadow provides technical support for well allocation in Aogula oilfield.

Key words: Songliao basin, Aogula fault, fault shadow, low-velocity interval, well logging-seismic integration, seismic forward modeling

中图分类号:

TE111

李操. 地震构造解释中断层阴影区假断层现象分析——以松辽盆地北部敖古拉断层为例[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(2): 223-227.

LI Cao. Analysis on Pseudo-Fault in Fault Shadow During Seismic Interpretation: A Case Study of Aogula Fault in Northern Songliao Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(2): 223-227.

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