Abstract: It was shown from drilling data and seismic profile interpretation information that in Amu Darya right bank area in Turkmenistan, there existed the early basement normal faults formed by Hercynian?Indosinian expanding movements and found in the margin of the paleo?uplift structural zone; the late subsalt thrust faults and up?salt strike?slip faults formed by Himalayan compressional movement and found in the area with thick salt gypsum rock and big compressive stress, and the long?term active faults which were formed by continuous activities of the early basement normal faults in the process of Himalayan compressional movement and found in the area with thin salt gypsum and weak compressive stress. It is concluded that the distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks is controlled by the early basement faults; the conditions of salt gypsum cap rock preservation have not been damaged by the late up?salt faults; it is the late subsalt fault that provides the conditions for forming trap rocks; the long?term active faults may result in damages of preservation conditions for salt gypsum trap rocks, which are unfavorable for the hydrocarbon accumulation in this area