塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏井网优化

doi:10.7657/XJPG20230406

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏具有储集体规模差异大、空间离散性强，井间缝洞连通结构复杂、流体流动模式多样等特征。缝洞控制程度低，储量动用不均衡，生产效果差异大，常规砂岩油藏规则和不规则井网部署方式均不适用，需要建立一种匹配油藏特点的井网构建与优化方法。将物理模拟实验和理论分析相结合，采用“立体化”、“系统化”的井网构建思路，丰富空间结构井网的理论内涵，深化重力驱替理论在空间结构井网构建中的根本性认识。建立以缝洞结构、连通关系、储量动用、能量状况和注采结构为主线的井网设计方法和六步法井网构建流程。总之，流体密度差是重力置换的主导因素，缝洞连通结构的位势差是纵向驱替的重要驱动力，主次通道的驱替速度差是垂向平衡的关键，是缝洞型油藏空间结构井网提高采收率的增效机制。

关键词: 塔河油田, 碳酸盐岩, 缝洞型油藏, 缝洞结构, 重力驱替, 空间结构井网, 井网优化

Abstract:

Fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs are characterized by large differences in reservoir scale, strong spatial discreteness, complex fracture-vug connectivity between wells, and diverse fluid flow patterns. The low control degree of fractures and vugs results in uneven producing of reserves and different water/gas flooding effects. The regular and irregular well patterns for conventional sandstone reservoirs are not applicable to fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a well pattern construction and optimization method that matches the characteristics of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs. By combining physical simulation experiments with theoretical analysis and following the idea of constructing a “three-dimensional” and “systematic” well pattern, the theoretical connotation of spatially structural well patterns is enriched, and the fundamental understanding of gravity displacement theory in the construction of spatially structural well patterns is deepened. A well pattern design method and a 6-step well pattern construction process are established, focusing on fracture-vug structures, connectivity, reserves producing, energy conditions, and injection-production structures. It is concluded that the difference in fluid density is the dominant factor of gravity displacement, the potential difference in the fracture-vug connectivity structure is the important driving force for vertical displacement, and the displacement speed difference between primary and secondary channels is the key to vertical balance and serves as an efficiency mechanism for EOR of fractured-vuggy reservoirs with spatially structural well patterns.

Key words: Tahe oilfield, carbonate rock, fractured-vuggy reservoir, fracture-vug structure, gravity displacement, spatially structural well pattern, well pattern optimization

中图分类号:

TE344

胡文革, 李小波, 杨敏, 鲁新便, 刘学利, 刘洪光. 塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏井网优化[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(4): 429-434.

HU Wenge, LI Xiaobo, YANG Min, LU Xinbian, LIU Xueli, LIU Hongguang. Well Pattern Optimization for Fractured-Vuggy Carbonate Reservoirs in Tahe Oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(4): 429-434.

图/表 4

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