塔河油田岩溶峡谷区伏流坍塌型古暗河缝洞系统

doi:10.7657/XJPG20230102

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究塔河油田中—下奥陶统古岩溶发育特征，通过恢复海西运动早期古地貌和古水系，划分了岩溶峡谷区洞穴类型，构建了塔河油田岩溶峡谷区伏流坍塌型缝洞成因演化模式。研究结果表明：研究区发育海西运动早期古岩溶作用，岩溶古地貌总体北东高南西低，微地貌以低幅度溶丘、溶峰和洼地的组合为主，古水系主要为峡谷明流、伏流、暗河与干谷的组合；主干水系具有南段深切曲流峡谷、中段峡谷和北段伏流-天窗的分段结构，分支水系为树枝状暗河网络；伏流坍塌型地下河洞穴可识别，划分为暗河型、伏流型、顺河潜流型和穿洞型4种类型；研究区古暗河系统发育演化可分自由曲流型、伏流-深切曲流型和坍塌天窗伏流型。

关键词: 塔河油田, 奥陶系, 海西运动早期, 暗河类型, 岩溶地貌, 岩溶峡谷, 缝洞系统

Abstract:

In order to study the development characteristics of paleokarst in the Middle-Lower Ordovician in the Tahe oilfield，by restoring the paleogeomorphology and the paleo-water system in the early Hercynian movement，the cave types in the karst canyon area were divided，and the genesis and evolution model of the collapsed fractures and caves with subterranean flow in the karst canyon area of the Tahe oilfield were established. The research results show that paleokarstification during the early Hercynian movement is found in the study area，the karst paleogeomorphology is generally high in the northeast and low in the southwest，the micro-geomorphology is mainly composed of low-amplitude karst mounds，karst peaks and depressions，and the paleo-water system is mainly composed of open channel flow，subterranean flow，underground river，and dry valley. The main water system shows a segmented structure consisting of deep incised meandering canyon in the south，canyon in the middle，and underground river-skylight in the north，and the tributary water system is a dendritic underground river network. The caves in the collapsed underground river with subterranean flow can be identified，mainly in four types，namely underground river，subterranean flow，undercurrent along river，and cave-through. The development and evolution of underground paleo-river system in the study area can be divided into free meandering flow，subterranean flow-deep incised meandering flow，and collapsed skylight subterranean flow.

Key words: Tahe oilfield, Ordovician, early Hercynian movement, underground river type, karst geomorphology, karst canyon, fracture-cave system

中图分类号:

TE122.23

张长建, 吕艳萍, 马海陇, 耿甜, 张晓. 塔河油田岩溶峡谷区伏流坍塌型古暗河缝洞系统[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(1): 9-17.

ZHANG Changjian, LYU Yanping, MA Hailong, GENG Tian, ZHANG Xiao. Fracture-Cave System in Collapsed Underground Paleo-River With Subterranean Flow in Karst Canyon Area，Tahe Oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(1): 9-17.

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