新疆石油地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 543-553.doi: 10.7657/XJPG20230505
左如斯1(), 曾翔1,2, 曹忠祥3, 蔡进功1(
), 张奎华3, 张关龙3
收稿日期:
2022-10-08
修回日期:
2022-12-17
出版日期:
2023-10-01
发布日期:
2023-09-25
通讯作者:
蔡进功(1961-),男,山东烟台人,教授,博士生导师,博士,海洋沉积和石油地质,(Tel)021-65988829(E-mail)jgcai@tongji.edu.cn
作者简介:
左如斯(1994-),男,江苏泰州人,博士研究生,石油地质,(Tel)19821368192(E-mail)基金资助:
ZUO Rusi1(), ZENG Xiang1,2, CAO Zhongxiang3, CAI Jingong1(
), ZHANG Kuihua3, ZHANG Guanlong3
Received:
2022-10-08
Revised:
2022-12-17
Online:
2023-10-01
Published:
2023-09-25
摘要:
沸石在沉积岩中广泛发育,受多种因素影响,沸石成因类型多样,成岩演化特征复杂。在沉积环境、成岩条件等因素控制下,不同成因类型沸石形成于不同的成岩序列,并具有不同的组合特征、产出形式和骨架结构。沸石类型有原生沸石、热液成因沸石、火山物质蚀变沸石和矿物转化沸石;其骨架结构可以用Si/Al表征,据此被分为高硅沸石和低硅沸石。沸石对烃源岩生烃有较强的催化作用,高硅沸石的催化活性低,但是失活速率小,择形性良好;沸石的胶结与溶蚀对储集层分别起建设性和破坏性作用,不同成岩序列下,沸石对储集层物性的影响有所差异;黏土矿物转化方沸石会增强页岩的脆性和水敏性,脆性增强使储集层的可压裂性增强,水敏会降低储集层的渗透率。
中图分类号:
左如斯, 曾翔, 曹忠祥, 蔡进功, 张奎华, 张关龙. 沉积岩中沸石类矿物成岩演化特征及其意义[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(5): 543-553.
ZUO Rusi, ZENG Xiang, CAO Zhongxiang, CAI Jingong, ZHANG Kuihua, ZHANG Guanlong. Diagenetic Evolution and Its Significance of Zeolites in Sedimentary Rocks[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(5): 543-553.
表1
沉积岩中沸石的成因类型(据文献[1,5?-7,11??-14,21???????-29])"
成因类型 | 沸石类型 | 形成条件 | 产状 | Si/Al |
---|---|---|---|---|
原生沸石 | 方沸石 | 母岩风化和搬运过程中,原生沸石未被化学分解 | 自形程度高,以岩屑斑晶形式产出,镜下晶体表面干净完整,极为罕见 | 2.10~2.15 |
热液成因沸石 | 方沸石 | 幔源热液温度降低至300~500 ℃ | 多以胶结物形式产出,宏观上呈裂缝充填状或层状,受断裂控制明显 | 2.04~3.52 |
钠沸石 | 幔源热液温度降低至250~450 ℃ | 1.39~2.72 | ||
火山物质 蚀变沸石 | 斜发沸石 | 流体富含K+、Ca2+,pH值为7.0~9.0,温度为44 ℃ | 自形程度高,多以胶结物形式产出,宏观上呈裂缝充填状或孔隙充填状 | 3.55~3.81 |
方沸石 | 流体富含Na+,pH值为7.0~9.0,温度为84 ℃ | 2.36~2.64 | ||
片沸石 | 流体富含Ca2+,pH值为7.0~9.0,温度为120 ℃ | 2.47~3.33 | ||
浊沸石 | 流体富含Ca2+,pH值为7.0~9.0,温度为140 ℃ | 1.98~2.05 | ||
矿物转化沸石 | 方沸石 | 形成温度低,沉积水体或成岩流体具有高盐碱性,pH值为9.5~10.0 | 自形程度较低,以胶结物或交代物形式产出,沉积水体中直接析出的方沸石宏观上呈层状 | 2.00~2.28 |
浊沸石 | 形成温度为50~120 ℃,沉积水体或成岩流体具有高盐碱性,pH值为9.5~10.0 | 1.89~2.93 |
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