Abstract: The Zhundong area is one of major hydrcarbon enrichment belts in eastern Junggar basin. It experienced several intense transformations of multistage tectonic movements in the process of the basin formation and evolution, and resulted in complex fracture system. In order to find out the internal relationship between the faults and the hydrocarbon accumulation in this area and get insight into the formation mechanisms of the fault?controlled hydrocarbon distribution pattern, this paper started from the analysis of known hydrocarbon pools and studied the faults characteristics that controlled the distribution of the hydrocarbon pools. It is shown that the pools in Zhundong area have a close relationship to the faults in the formation process; of the numerous faults in the study area, the Yanshanian faults are of significant control effects on the pool distribution; the matching relationship between the spatial allocation and pool?forming period and the stru?ctural evolution determines the availability of the Yanshanian faults as oil?gas transporting channels, by which the formation and distribution of the hydrocarbon pools are controlled eventually; compared to the Yanshanian faults, the faults shaped in the early periods such as Hercynian and Indosinian movements are formed too early, at which the source rocks are not matured, while late faults formed in the Himalayan movement mostly serve as the adjustment and even destruction of the primary hydrocarbon accumulations, hence, both of them show little relationship to the distribution pattern of the current hydrocarbon pools. It is suggested that the hydrocarbon accumulation and distribution in the study area are obviously controlled by the Yanshanian faults, so the further exploration should focus on the traps adjacent to the Yanshanian faults