A Logging-Based Method for Calculating Water Saturation in Continental Shale Reservoirs: A Case Study of Lianggaoshan Formation in Fuxing Block, Southeastern Sichuan Basin

doi:10.7657/XJPG20240315

Abstract

Abstract:

Continental shale reservoirs are characterized by low porosity, ultra-low permeability, high clay mineral content, rapid mineral composition variation, and strong formation heterogeneity. Therefore, the water saturation calculated with Archie formula or conventional mathematical statistical models often introduces large errors. To improve the calculation accuracy of water saturation in continental shale reservoirs, taking the shale from Lower Jurassic Lianggaoshan formation in the Fuxing block of southeastern Sichuan basin as an example, the limitations of existing methods for calculating water saturation were analyzed, and the feasibility of applying the composite wave impedance reconstructed from the combination of P wave and S wave in array acoustic logging and logging density to calculate water saturation was demonstrated. Based on this analysis, a method for calculating water saturation in continental shale reservoirs was proposed. This method considers the influence of rock minerals and effectively avoids the limitations of electrical logging and non-electrical logging, and finally improving applicability. The application of this method has yielded favorable results in multiple wells in the shale reservoirs of Lianggaoshan formation, southeastern Sichuan basin, with calculated water saturation closely matching those from core analysis, and absolute errors ranging from 1.3% to 2.2%, meeting the requirements for well logging evaluation.

Key words: southeastern Sichuan basin, Fuxing block, Lianggaoshan formation, continental shale, water saturation, composite wave impedance, array acoustic logging

CLC Number:

TE112.23

CHENG Li, YAN Wei, LI Na. A Logging-Based Method for Calculating Water Saturation in Continental Shale Reservoirs: A Case Study of Lianggaoshan Formation in Fuxing Block, Southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2024, 45(3): 371-377.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Table 1.

Correlation between elastic wave impedances and water saturation in Well TY1"

弹性波阻抗参数	关系式	相关系数
纵波阻抗 $Z 1 = v p ρ$	$Z 1 = 0.003 S w - 60.6$	0.85
横波阻抗 $Z 2 = v s ρ$	$Z 2 = 0.009 ? 25 S w - 52.5$	0.84
平均波阻抗 $Z 3 = (v s + v p) ρ$	$Z 3 = 0.009 ? 5 S w - 55$	0.86
复合波阻抗 $Z 4 = (v s + v p) ρ v p$	$Z 4 = 0.001 ? 25 S w - 1.5$	0.95

Table 1.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Table 2.

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井名	本文方法计算平均含水饱和度/%	岩心分析平均含水饱和度/%	绝对误差/%	相对误差/%	相关系数
XY3井	51.3	49.1	2.2	4.5	0.84
XY4井	52.5	51.2	1.3	2.5	0.87
XY6井	58.6	56.9	1.7	3.0	0.86
XY7井	59.1	57.7	1.4	2.4	0.89