Deep Crustal Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Ordos Basin

Abstract

Abstract: Based on the basement feature, basement faults distribution, thick dolomite occurrence, existence of gypsum-salt (especially sylvite) and abundant metal hydrothermal minerals in Ordos basin, it is indicated that there once existed intensive action of mantle fluid in this basin. The study of the deep crustal structure of Ordos basin and the western basins (Yinchuan basin and Liupanshan basin) shows that no mid-crust low velocity layer occurs in deep Ordos basin, but low velocity and high conductive layers widely appears in mid-crust of Yinchuan basin and Liupanshan basin, in which natural gas is generated from the Mantle fluid by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in Yinchuan basin, while crude oil from it in Liupanshan basin. It is the tectonic compression nappe actions of Late Mesozoic that, on one hand, allow the natural gas in Yinchuan basin to migrate from west to east along unconformity (dominated by weathering crust) between the Ordovician and the Carboniferous (Permian) and structural fractural system and shape poors; on the other hand, allow the crude oil in Liupanshan basin to migrate toward the same direction along pseudoconformity between the Triassic and the Jurassic and form reservoirs. Also, Rujigou coal mine with low sulfur, low ash and premium anthracite is originated partly from the carbon-enriched mantle fluid in Yinchuan basin. the distribution pattern of rare-earth elements of Mesozoic petroleum pitch and the carbon and hydrogen isotope features of Paleozoic natural gas indicate the participation of such a deep crust mantle fluid. According to these, the reefs (dolomite as reservoir, gypsum-salt as cap rock) of Lower Paleozoic in Ordos basin are the main targets for further petroleum exploration; in deep Dongsheng area of Yimeng uplift in northern Ordos basin there exist mid-crust low velocity and high conductive layers, so large oil-gas field could be found below Dongsheng sandstone uranium deposit. At present, in Mid-Proterozoic of Yimeng uplift encountered natural gas by drilling (Jin-13 Well) and ignited successfully, foreshowing that there are bright prospects for petroleum exploration in basement rocks in northern Ordos basin.

Key words: Ordos basin, hydrocarbon accumulation, mantle fluid, mid-crust, low-velocity-high conductive layer, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, exploration target

CLC Number:

ZHANG Jing-lian, SHI Lan-ting, WEI Ping-sheng, ZHANG Hu-quan, CHEN Qi-lin, LI Yang-jian. Deep Crustal Structure and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Ordos Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2009, 30(2): 272-278.

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