Abstract: Based on the seismic, geological, geochemical, and production testing data, the types and distribution patterns of the tight oil reservoirs in the first member of Yaojia formation (Yao 1 member) in the Gulong sag were analyzed, and then the controlling factors and models of hydrocarbon accumulation in these reservoirs were clarified. The results show that five types of tight oil reservoirs are developed in the Yao 1 member such as lenticular sandstone reservoir in the Gulong syncline, updipping pinch-out lithologic reservoir, fault-lithologic reservoir, fault-block reservoir, and fault-anticline reservoir at the top of the nose-like bulge. The formation of tight oil reservoirs is jointly controlled by source rock and overpressure distribution, traps, oil-source faults, and high-quality reservoir beds. The lacustrine mudstones in the first member of Qingshankou formation (Qing 1 member) serve as the material basis for tight oil reservoirs and also create abnormally high pressure that drove oil charging into the Gulong syncline. Before extensive hydrocarbon accumulation, various traps had been formed, including structural traps and structural-lithologic traps at high positions on both sides, which act as the tight oil migration destinations and favorable accumulation sites. The reversal-stage faults that opened during the main oil accumulation phase serve as the primary pathways for vertical oil migration, and high-quality distributary channel reservoir beds are favorable for tight oil accumulation. The structural units are different in controlling factors and models of hydrocarbon accumulation. In the Gulong syncline, the hydrocarbon accumulation model is “driven by overpressure, vertical migration along faults, and enrichment in local sweet spots”. In the Xinzhan nose-like bulge, the hydrocarbon accumulation model is “first driven by overpressure then by buoyancy, vertical migration along faults, and accumulation in favorable traps”. In the Xinzhao slope, the hydrocarbon accumulation model is “driven by overpressure + buoyancy, fault-sandbody relay-migration, and accumulation in favorable reservoir beds”.

Key words: Songliao basin, Gulong sag, tight oil reservoir, Yaojia formation, Qingshankou formation, controlling factor, hydrocarbon accumulation model, distribution characteristic