准噶尔盆地玛南地区上乌尔禾组储集层伤害机理

doi:10.7657/XJPG20220116

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷玛南地区二叠系上乌尔禾组砾岩储集层岩心极易泡散,不易评价破胶压裂液对储集层的伤害,无法确定造成储集层伤害的主控因素。应用X射线显微CT技术对岩心样品进行连续扫描,重建岩心三维孔隙变化;应用球棍模型和阈值分割法,表征岩心不同截面上的孔隙变化。结果表明,储集层被破胶压裂液伤害后,平均孔隙半径减小了42.1%,平均喉道半径减小了32.7%,平均喉道长度减小了19.1%,平均孔喉比减小了45.3%,孔隙度和渗透率分别降低了7.7%和33.8%,岩心在破胶压裂液驱替伤害后孔隙度和渗透率均降低,渗透率变化较大。破胶压裂液与储集层的相互作用,是造成储集层伤害的主要原因,而黏土矿物中的蒙脱石水化膨胀、微粒运移等是造成储集层伤害的具体因素。

关键词: 准噶尔盆地, 玛湖凹陷, 玛南地区, 玛湖1井区, 上乌尔禾组, 砾岩, 破胶压裂液, 储集层伤害, 黏土矿物

Abstract:

The core of the conglomerate reservoir from upper Wuerhe formation of Permian is very easy to break after immersed in fluids, so that it is difficult to evaluate how gel-breaking fracturing fluid damages the reservoir, and it is impossible to determine the factors controlling reservoir damage in the southern Mahu area, Junggar basin. This study used X-ray Micro-CT technology to scan core samples and reconstructed the three-dimensional pore structure, and then characterized the pore changes on different sections by the ball-stick model and the threshold segmentation method. The results show that, after the reservoir was damaged by gel-breaking fracturing fluid, the average pore radius, average throat radius, average throat length, average pore-to-throat ratio, porosity and permeability were reduced by 42.1%, 32.7%, 19.1%, 45.3%, 7.7% and 33.8%, respectively. After fractured by gel-breaking fracturing fluid, the reservoir was damaged, resulting in reduced porosity and permeability, especially a significant change in permeability. Swelling montmorillonite in the clay minerals and particle migration are the factors that can cause damage to the reservoir, and the interaction between gel-breaking fracturing fluid and the reservoir is the primary factor causing reservoir damage.

Key words: Junggar basin, Mahu sag, southern Mahu area, Wellblock Mahu-1, upper Wuerhe formation, conglomerate, gel-breaking fracturing fluid, reservoir damage, clay mineral

中图分类号:

TE258

周伟, 沈秀伦, 寇根, 魏云, 蒋官澄, 杨丽丽, 张远凯. 准噶尔盆地玛南地区上乌尔禾组储集层伤害机理[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2022, 43(1): 107-114.

ZHOU Wei, SHEN Xiulun, KOU Gen, WEI Yun, JIANG Guancheng, YANG Lili, ZHANG Yuankai. Reservoir Damage Mechanism for Upper Wuerhe Formation in Southern Mahu Area, Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2022, 43(1): 107-114.

图/表 8

表1

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表2

图6

参考文献 32

[1]	GUO Tiankui, GONG Facheng, LIN Xin, et al. Experimental investigation on damage mechanism of guar gum fracturing fluid to low-permeability reservoir based on nuclear magnetic resonance[J]. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 2018, 140(7):131-149.
[2]	吕佳蕾, 吴因业. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部地区致密砂岩储层敏感性及损害机理[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2019, 38(3):167-174.
	LÜ Jialei, WU Yinye. Sensitivity and damage mechanisms of the tight sandstone reservoir in central Ordos basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2019, 38(3):167-174.
[3]	林春来, 张国辉, 王金喜, 等. 浅析胍胶压裂液现场配置工艺与方法[J]. 中国石油和化工标准与质量, 2018, 38(19):187-188.
	LIN Chunlai, ZHANG Guohui, WANG Jinxi, et al. Analysis on the on-site configuration process and method of guar gum fracturing fluid[J]. China Petroleum and Chemical Standards and Quality, 2018, 38(19):187-188.
[4]	李琼, 吴建邦, 周伟, 等. 玛湖1井区乌尔禾组致密砂砾岩储层物性特征研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(14):5 777-5 783.
	LI Qiong, WU Jianbang, ZHOU Wei, et al. Study on physical properties of tight sandstone conglomerate reservoir in Urho formation in Mahu 1 well area[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(14):5 777-5 783.
[5]	王硕, 覃建华, 杨新平, 等. 玛湖地区致密砾岩人工裂缝垂向延伸机理应力模拟[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(2):193-198.
	WANG Shuo, QIN Jianhua, YANG Xinping, et al. Stress simulation of vetical hydraulic fracture propatation mechanism in tight conglomorate reserior of Mahu area[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(2):193-198.
[6]	王剑, 靳军, 张宝真, 等. 玛湖凹陷东斜坡区下乌尔禾组砂砾岩储层孔隙形成机理及优势储层成因分析[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2015, 15(23):136-142.
	WANG Jian, JIN Jun, ZHANG Baozhen, et al. Pore formation mechanism and genesis of advantage reservoir of Permian Lower Urho formation glutenite reservoirs in the Madong area,Junggar basion[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2015, 15(23):136-142.
[7]	杜猛, 向勇, 贾宁洪, 等. 玛湖凹陷百口泉组致密砂砾岩储层孔隙结构特征[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2021, 33(5):120-131.
	DU Meng, XIANG Yong, JIA Ninghong, et al. Pore structure characteristics of tight glutenite reservoirs of Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2021, 33(5):120-131.
[8]	康逊, 胡文瑄, 王剑, 等. 扇三角洲砂砾岩油藏储层敏感性研究:以准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷百口泉组为例[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2017, 46(3):596-605.
	KANG Xun, HU Wenxuan, WANG Jian, et al. Fan-delta sandy conglomerate reservoir sensitivity: a case study of the Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag,Junggar basin[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2017, 46(3):596-605.
[9]	司马立强, 杨国栋, 吴丰, 等. 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷百口泉组致密砂砾岩孔隙分形特征及影响因素探讨[J]. 测井技术, 2016, 40(5):609-616.
	SIMA Liqiang, YANG Guodong, WU Feng, et al. Fractal feature about the pore structure and controlling factor in tight glutenite reservoir in Baikouquan formation of Mahu depression in Junggar basin[J]. Well Logging Technology, 2016, 40(5):609-616.
[10]	钱海涛, 张翔, 卞保力, 等. 玛南斜坡下乌尔禾组砾岩储层特征及主控因素[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 43(1):41-50.
	QIAN Haitao, ZHANG Xiang, BIAN Baoli, et al. Characteristics and controlling factors of glutenite reservoir in Permian Lower Urho formation in the south slope of the Mahu sag[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 2021, 43(1):41-50.
[11]	吴问全, 李伟, 李文杰, 等. 基于Nano-CT技术研究多孔陶瓷材料的三维结构[J]. 核技术, 2010, 33(4):241-245.
	WU Wenquan, LI Wei, LI Wenjie, et al. Nano-CT study nanostructure of porous ceramics[J]. Nuclear Techniques, 2010, 33(4):241-245.
[12]	李玉彬, 李向良, 李奎祥. 利用计算机层析(CT)确定岩心的基本物理参数[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 1999, 26(6):86-90.
	LI Yubin, LI Xiangliang, LI Kuixiang. Using computed tomography to determine the basic petrophysical properties of cores[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 1999, 26(6):86-90.
[13]	刘玉婷, 崔丽, 程芳, 等. 压裂液伤害的计算机断层扫描技术[J]. 无损检测, 2019, 41(1):18-22.
	LIU Yuting, CUI Li, CHENG Fang, et al. Computed tomography technology for fracturing fluid damage[J]. Nondestructive Testing, 2019, 41(1):18-22.
[14]	林承焰, 王杨, 杨山, 等. 基于CT的数字岩心三维建模[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2018, 48(1):307-317.
	LIN Chengyan, WANG Yang, YANG Shan, et al. 3D modeling of digital core based on X-ray computed tomography[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2018, 48(1):307-317.
[15]	TANG Binwen, GAO Shuai, WANG Yaguang, et al. Pore structure analysis of electrolytic manganese residue based permeable brick by using industrial CT[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 208:697-709. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.066
[16]	方黎勇, 陈鹏, 陈浩. 一种基于工业CT图像的岩心孔隙率计算方法[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2014, 26(3):240-244.
	FANG Liyong, CHEN Peng, CHEN Hao. A calculation method of core porosity based on industrial CT images[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2014, 26(3):240-244.
[17]	罗志鹏. 阈值分割法在数字岩心中的应用研究[J]. 当代化工研究, 2018, 18(12):66-67.
	LUO Zhipeng. Research and application of threshold segmentation method in digital rock core[J]. Modern Chemical Research, 2018, 18(12):66-67.
[18]	王庆国, 杨其新, 蒋雅君, 等. 基于阈值分割法的地下工程防水板孔隙结构识别[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2016, 60(5):69-74.
	WANG Qingguo, YANG Qixin, JIANG Yajun, et al. Identification of pore structure of waterproof board in underground engineering based on thresholding method[J]. Railway Standard Design, 2016, 60(5):69-74.
[19]	白斌, 朱如凯, 吴松涛, 等. 利用多尺度CT成像表征致密砂岩微观孔喉结构[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2013, 40(3):329-333.
	BAI Bin, ZHU Rukai, WU Songtao, et al. Multi-scale method of Nano(Micro)-CT study on microscopic pore structure of tight sandstone of Yanchang formation,Ordos basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2013, 40(3):329-333.
[20]	赵玲, 石雪, 夏惠芬. 数字岩心孔隙网络模型的构建方法[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2018, 18(26):32-38.
	ZHAO Ling, SHI Xue, XIA Huifen. Construction method of digital core pore network model[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2018, 18(26):32-38.
[21]	吴洁. 显微CT技术在油层伤害机理研究中的应用初探:以胜利临南油区为例[D]. 南昌:东华理工大学, 2013.
	Wu Jie. Application of micro-CT technology in the study of reservoir damage:the Shengli oil zone as an example[D]. Nanchang: East China University of Technology, 2013.
[22]	李荣强, 高莹, 杨永飞, 等. 基于CT扫描的岩心压敏效应实验研究[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2015, 43(5):37-43.
	LI Rongqiang, GAO Ying, YANG Yongfei, et al. Experimental study on the pressure sensitive effects of cores based on CT scanning[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2015, 43(5):37-43.
[23]	陈倩, 宋文磊, 杨金昆, 等. 矿物自动定量分析系统的基本原理及其在岩矿研究中的应用:以捷克泰思肯公司TIMA为例[J]. 矿床地质, 2021, 40(2):345-368.
	CHEN Qian, SONG Wenlei, YANG Jinkun, et al. Principle of automated mineral quantitative analysis system and its application in petrology and mineralogy:an example from TESCAN TIMA[J]. Mineral Deposits, 2021, 40(2):345-368.
[24]	李鑫羽, 欧阳传湘, 杨博文, 等. 基于BP神经网络的黏土矿物预测模型[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(5):624-629.
	LI Xinyu, OUYANG Chuanxiang, YANG Bowen, et al. BP neural network-based models to predict clay minerals[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2021, 42(5):624-629.
[25]	张亚云, 陈勉, 邓亚, 等. 温压条件下蒙脱石水化的分子动力学模拟[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2018, 46(10):1 489-1 498.
	ZHANG Yayun, CHEN Mian, DENG Ya, et al. Molecular dynamics simulation of temperature and pressure effects on hydration characteristics of montmorillonites[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2018, 46(10):1 489-1 498.
[26]	宁林, 苟开元, 刘美玲, 等. 黏土矿物蒙脱石晶体的种类及其结构分析[J]. 广西科技大学学报, 2020, 31(3):75-81.
	NING Lin, GOU Kaiyuan, LIU Meiling, et al. Clay mineral montmorillonite crystals and their structural analysis[J]. Journal of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, 2020, 31(3):75-81.
[27]	赵子豪. 蒙脱石剥离分散性及影响因素研究[D]. 四川绵阳:西南科技大学, 2018.
	ZHAO Zihao. Study on the divestiture dispersion of montmorillonite and its influencing factors[D]. Mianyang,Sichuan:Southwest University of Science and Technology, 2018.
[28]	蒲晓, 郭大立, 兰天, 等. 低渗透油藏转向压裂产能预测及影响因素[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(1):76-80.
	PU Xiao, GUO Dali, LAN Tian, et al. Productivity prediction and influencing factors of low permeability reservoirs after steering fracturing stimulation[J]. Xinjiang Petroloeum Geology, 2021, 42(1):76-80.
[29]	解朝阳, 张巍, 姚东方, 等. 基于最大球算法定量表征土体空间孔隙网络[J]. 工程地质学报, 2020, 28(1):60-68.
	XIE Chaoyang, ZHANG Wei, YAO Dongfang, et al. Quantitative characterization of spatial pore network of soils based on maximal-balls algorithm[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2020, 28(1):60-68.
[30]	赵天逸, 宁正福, 陈刚, 等. 致密砂岩储集层渗透率预测修正方法[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(3):337-343.
	ZHAO Tianyi, NING Zhengfu, CHEN Gang, et al. Modified methods of permeability prediction for tight sandstone reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(3):337-343.
[31]	ARAND F, HESSER J. Accurate and efficient maximal ball algorithm for pore network extraction[J]. Computers & Geosciences, 2017, 101:28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2017.01.004
[32]	张安顺, 杨正明, 李晓山, 等. 老区直井重复体积压裂改造效果评价[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(3):372-378.
	ZHANG Anshun, YANG Zhengming, LI Xiaoshan, et al. Evaluation of volume refracturing effect in vertical wells in existing blocks[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(3):372-378.