低渗透底水油藏底部注水方法及应用

doi:10.7657/XJPG20250315

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系底水油藏天然能量不足、压力系数低、渗透率低、储集层非均质性强，采用常规注水开发含水率上升快、采收率低，为提高该类油藏开发效果，提出了底部注水理念。从底水能量、渗透率各向异性、隔层渗透率、夹层频率和沉积韵律5个影响底水油藏开发效果的因素入手，采用油藏数值模拟，对比油层注水和底部注水采收率的差异。结果表明，底部注水开发可有效增大底水能量，实现油水界面均匀抬升，大幅延长中—低含水采油期，较油层注水最终采收率提高10%以上。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 侏罗系, 低渗透底水油藏, 数值模拟, 注水部位, 底部注水, 提高采收率

Abstract:

The Jurassic bottom-water reservoirs in the Ordos Basin suffer from insufficient natural energy, low pressure coefficient, low permeability, and strong reservoir heterogeneity, and they exhibit a rapid rise in water cut and low recovery when developed by conventional water injection process. To improve the development effects of such reservoirs, the concept of bottom water injection was proposed. In respect of five key factors influencing the development effects of bottom-water reservoirs, i.e. bottom-water energy, permeability anisotropy, barrier permeability, interlayer frequency, and sedimentary rhythm, oil-layer water injection and bottom water injection were compared for recovery by using reservoir numerical simulation. The results indicate that bottom water injection effectively enhances bottom water energy, facilitates uniform elevation of the oil-water contact, and significantly extends oil production period with medium-low water-cut. Compared with oil-layer water injection, bottom water injection improves ultimate oil recovery by more than 10%.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Jurassic, low-permeability bottom-water reservoir, numerical simulation, injection position, bottom water injection, enhanced oil recovery

中图分类号:

TE348

宋鹏, 张心罡, 杨卫国, 王楠, 石坚, 谢启超, 段文豪. 低渗透底水油藏底部注水方法及应用[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2025, 46(3): 375-381.

SONG Peng, ZHANG Xingang, YANG Weiguo, WANG Nan, SHI Jian, XIE Qichao, DUAN Wenhao. Bottom Water Injection Method and Its Application in Low-Permeability Bottom-Water Reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2025, 46(3): 375-381.

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韵律类型	渗透率/mD
韵律类型	5倍级差	20倍级差	60倍级差	160倍级差	200倍级差
正韵律	6.30	1.80	0.60	0.24	0.19
	12.60	10.30	9.50	9.60	9.60
	19.00	19.00	19.00	19.00	19.00
	25.20	27.40	27.20	28.50	28.50
	31.50	36.00	36.00	37.76	37.81
反韵律	31.50	36.00	36.00	37.76	37.81
	25.20	27.40	27.20	28.50	28.50
	19.00	19.00	19.00	19.00	19.00
	12.60	10.30	9.50	9.60	9.60
	6.30	1.80	0.60	0.24	0.19