关于吉木萨尔凹陷页岩油的思考

doi:10.7657/XJPG20200518

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

关于准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组原油类型,历来有2种观点,一种观点认为属于致密油,另一种观点认为属于页岩油。参照《致密油地质评价方法》和《页岩油地质评价方法》这2个国家标准,厘定了吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组原油的归属。研究表明,依据源储关系和单层厚度统计数据,认为吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组原油为页岩油。依据页岩油的赋存条件、源储关系和富集模式,将吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油划分为夹层富集型页岩油。从烃源岩地球化学参数、储集层岩性和物性、油藏参数、裂缝发育情况和脆性特征几个方面,对比了国内外典型页岩油特征。结果表明,吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油为低—中成熟度页岩油,烃源岩在早期就开始大量生排烃;储集层孔隙度相对较高,但渗透率明显偏低;油藏含油饱和度较高,但原油密度大,黏度高,气油比低,流动性差;储集层天然裂缝不发育,岩石力学脆性较差。

关键词: 吉木萨尔凹陷, 芦草沟组, 页岩油, 致密油, 地质评价方法, 页岩油分类, 成藏条件, 烃源岩, 储集层, 脆性指数

Abstract:

Two conclusions have been existent about the crude oil of the Lucaogou formation in the Jimsar sag, Junggar basin. One conclusion classifies the crude oil as tight oil, and the other as shale oil. According to two national standards - Geological Evaluation Method for Tight Oil and Geological Evaluation Method for Shale Oil, the classification of the crude oil in the Lucaogou formation is determined. The studies show that, based on the source-reservoir relationship and layer thickness statistics, the crude oil in the Lucaogou formation of the Jimsar sag is shale oil; based on the occurrence, source-reservoir relationship and oil accumulation model, the oil is determined as shale oil which accumulates between layers. In terms of the geochemical parameters of the source rock, the lithology and physical properties of the reservoir, the parameters of the oil reservoir, fracture development and brittleness, this study investigates how the characteristics of the shale oil in the Lucaogou formation are different from the typical shale oil at home and abroad. The results show that the shale oil in the Lucaogou formation is of low to middle maturity, but a large amount of hydrocarbons have been generated and expelled in the early stage; the reservoir has high porosity, but its permeability is obviously low; the oil saturation of the reservoir is high and the oil is characterized by high density, high viscosity, low gas-oil ratio and poor fluidity. Natural fractures in the reservoir are not developed, and the brittleness calculated with the rock mechanical method is poor.

Key words: Jimsar sag, Lucaogou formation, shale oil, tight oil, geological evaluation method, shale oil classification, accumulation condition, source rock, reservoir, brittleness index

中图分类号:

TE122.2

曹元婷, 潘晓慧, 李菁, 邹阳. 关于吉木萨尔凹陷页岩油的思考[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(5): 622-630.

CAO Yuanting, PAN Xiaohui, LI Jing, ZOU Yang. Discussion on Shale Oil in Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(5): 622-630.

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盆地	地层	矿物含量/%							脆性指数/%	裂缝发育情况
盆地	地层	石英	长石	白云石	方解石	黏土矿物	黄铁矿	其他矿物	脆性指数/%	裂缝发育情况
Williston盆地	Bakken组	47.5	18.9	7.0		21.5	4.1	1.0	73.4	普遍发育区域性裂缝、构造缝以及排烃产生的微裂缝
Western Gulf盆地	Eagle Ford组	4.7	8.9	53.5		30.4	2.4	0.1	67.1	微裂缝富集,裂缝条件非常好
四川盆地	大安寨段	38.6	4.3	2.1	16.7	36.6	0.9	0.8	61.7	微裂缝有构造缝、页理缝、生烃超压缝
鄂尔多斯盆地	长7段	29.0	14.8	20.9		30.3	5.0	0	64.7	裂缝不发育
渤海湾盆地	沙河街组	23.5	1.5	7.0	52.5	13.0	2.0	0.5	84.5	天然裂缝发育,裂缝包括构造缝、层理缝、异常超压缝和泥质收缩缝
松辽盆地	青山口组	30.0	11.3	20.5		32.1	0	6.1	61.8	发育构造缝和层间缝
准噶尔盆地	芦草沟组	20.9	25.4	26.2	11.9	13.3	0.9	1.4	84.4	裂缝不发育