新疆石油地质

新疆石油地质 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 1-10.doi: 10.7657/XJPG20260101

• 油气勘探 •    下一篇

吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系全油气系统成藏机理与勘探潜力

陈旋1(), 林霖1, 刘俊田1(), 龚德瑜2, 杨润泽2, 王波3, 谢安4   

  1. 1.中国石油 吐哈油田分公司 勘探开发研究院， 新疆 哈密 839009
    2.中国石油 勘探开发研究院， 北京 100083
    3.中国石油 杭州地质研究院， 杭州 310023
    4.怀柔实验室新疆研究院， 乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-27 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-01-23
  • 通讯作者: 刘俊田 E-mail:cx168@petrochina.com.cn;ljtyjy@petrochina.com.cn
  • 作者简介:陈旋（1974-），男，陕西三原人，教授级高级工程师，油气勘探，（Tel）0902-2766656（Email）cx168@petrochina.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    新型油气勘探开发国家科技重大专项(2025ZD1400300);新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”科技创新领军人才支持项目(2022TSYCLJ0070)

Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism and Exploration Potential of Permian Whole Petroleum System in the Jimsar Sag

CHEN Xuan1(), LIN Lin1, LIU Juntian1(), GONG Deyu2, YANG Runze2, WANG Bo3, XIE An4   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Tuha Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Hami, Xinjiang 839009, China
    2. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China
    3. Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, PetroChina, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China
    4. Xinjiang Research Institute, Huairou Laboratory, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
  • Received:2025-03-27 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-01-23
  • Contact: LIU Juntian E-mail:cx168@petrochina.com.cn;ljtyjy@petrochina.com.cn

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摘要：

吉木萨尔凹陷油气勘探主要围绕非常规油藏展开，近年来聚焦芦草沟组烃源岩，在源上、源下及凹陷各部位多个层系获得油气突破，揭示了其良好的勘探潜力及全油气系统特征。基于地震、钻井、测井、有机地球化学等资料，通过系统解剖已知油藏，对全油气系统形成条件及油气成藏模式进行了研究。结果表明：吉木萨尔凹陷常规-非常规油藏有序共生，平面上，自凹陷区—斜坡区—构造高部位依次发育页岩油、致密油及常规砂砾岩油藏，纵向上，自井井子沟组—芦草沟组—梧桐沟组依次发育致密油、页岩油和常规油藏；芦草沟组烃源岩在低成熟阶段经历了大量生烃及排烃过程，奠定了全油气系统物质基础；芦草沟组平面上由凹陷边缘向中部依次发育砂（砾）岩储集层、混积岩储集层和页岩储集层，纵向上发育上覆梧桐沟组和下伏井井子沟组全粒序储集层；构建了平面3个带、纵向3层楼的立体成藏模式，受芦草沟组烃源岩生烃演化及多类型储集层的控制，吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系具有非常规油气藏与常规油气藏有序共生的全油气系统特征。基于全油气系统理论指导及吉木萨尔凹陷勘探实践，针对准噶尔盆地东部二叠系油气勘探，重点围绕石树沟凹陷、吉南凹陷等凹陷，以及斜坡区或源下寻找致密油气，在源上断阶带及构造高部位寻找构造-岩性油气藏，在源内寻找页岩油。

关键词: 吉木萨尔凹陷, 二叠系, 全油气系统, 成藏机理, 勘探潜力, 全过程生烃, 全粒序储集层, 成藏模式

Abstract:

In the Jimsar sag, petroleum exploration mainly focuses on unconventional oil reservoirs. In recent years, breakthroughs have been made in multiple strata above and below the source rocks of the Lucaogou formation and across the sag, revealing its good exploration potential and the characteristics of a whole petroleum system. Based on seismic, drilling, logging, and organic geochemistry data, the formation conditions of the whole petroleum system, and the hydrocarbon accumulation model are investigated by thoroughly dissecting known oil reservoirs. The results show that there is an orderly symbiosis between conventional and unconventional reservoirs in the Jimsar sag. Horizontally, shale oil, tight oil, and conventional sandy conglomerate oil reservoirs are developed successively from the sag area through the slope area to the structural high. Vertically, tight oil, shale oil, and conventional oil reservoirs are found successively in the Jingjingzigou formation-Lucaogou formation-Wutonggou formation sequence. The source rocks of Lucaogou formation undergone mass hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in low maturity stage, laying a material foundation for the whole petroleum system. The Lucaogou formation contains sandstone/conglomerate, mixed-rock, and shale reservoirs successively from basin margin to basin interior horizontally, and full grain sequence reservoirs of overlying Wutonggou formation and underlying Jingjingzigou formation are found vertically. A three-dimensional hydrocarbon accumulation model consisting of three horizontal zones and three vertical floors is established. Controlled by the hydrocarbon generation evolution of source rocks of the Lucaogou formation and the presence of multi-type reservoirs, the Permian strata in the Jimsar sag show characteristics of a whole petroleum system with orderly symbiosis between unconventional and conventional reservoirs. Based on the theory of the whole petroleum system and the exploration practice in the Jimsar sag, the Permian petroleum exploration in eastern Junggar Basin should focus on the sags such as Shishugou and Jinan, especially for finding tight oil and gas reservoirs in the slope or sub-source areas, structural-lithologic oil and gas reservoirs in the above-source fault-step belts and high structural positions, and shale oil reservoirs in the inner-source zones.

Key words: Jimsar sag, Permian, whole petroleum system, hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism, exploration potential, whole-process hydrocarbon generation, full grain sequence reservoir, hydrocarbon accumulation model

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