Reservoir Flow Unit Division Based on Sedimentary Microfacies-Reservoir Space Type: A Case of Carbonate Reservoir of Leikoupo Formation in Pengzhou Gas Field

doi:10.7657/XJPG20200408

Abstract

Abstract:

Sedimentary microfacies and reservoir space types reflect reservoir heterogeneity from different perspectives. The fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir in the upper Leisi member of the Middle Triassic Leikoupo formation in Pengzhou gas field of the Chuanxi depression, Sichuan basin is highly heterogeneous. Based on qualitative identification of sedimentary microfacies-reservoir space type and quantitative division of flow zone index, the effective reservoir of the fractured-vuggy carbonate in the upper Leisi member of Leikoupo formation in Pengzhou gas field can be divided into four types of flow units through cluster analysis of optimal parameters, and different types of flow units can well correlate with sedimentary microfacies, physical properties and reservoir space types. The division is verified with typical core mercury injection curves and the results indicates that the method is practical for fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs. The type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ flow units have good storage capability, permeability and gas-bearing property, which are the main high-quality fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in the upper Leisi member of Pengzhou gas field.

Key words: Sichuan basin, Pengzhou gas field, Leikoupo formation, carbonate reservoir, fractured-vuggy reservoir, sedimentary facies, flow unit division

CLC Number:

TE112.23

HE Chuanliang, KANG Jianyun, WANG Xin, ZHANG Shimao. Reservoir Flow Unit Division Based on Sedimentary Microfacies-Reservoir Space Type: A Case of Carbonate Reservoir of Leikoupo Formation in Pengzhou Gas Field[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(4): 435-443.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Table.1

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

References 19

[1]	HEARN C L, EBANKS W J, TYE R S, et al. Geological factors influencing reservoir performance of the Hart-Zog Draw filed,Wyoming[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1984,36(7):1 335-1 344.
[2]	刘吉余, 王建东, 吕靖. 流动单元特征及其成因分类[J]. 石油实验地质, 2002,24(4):381-384.
	LIU Jiyu, WANG Jiandong, LU Jing. Features of flow units and their genetic classification[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2002,24(4):381-384.
[3]	尹太举, 张昌民, 陈程, 等. 建立储层流动单元模型的新方法[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 1999,20(2):170-175.
	YIN Taiju, ZHANG Changmin, CHEN Cheng, et al. A new method for founding the model of flow unit reservoirs[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 1999,20(2):74-79.
[4]	史玉成, 陈明强, 张审琴, 等. 低渗透气田单井控制储量计算的流动单元方法研究[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2007,19(4):106-110.
	SHI Yucheng, CHEN Mingqiang, ZHANG Shenqin, et al. Flow unit method for calculation of single well controlled reserves in low permeability gas field[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007,19(4):106-110.
[5]	张福明, 查明, 李洪奇, 等. 一种流动单元自动分层新方法及其应用[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2006,30(4):42-46.
	ZHANG Fuming, ZHA Ming, LI Hongqi, et al. A new flow-unit auto-subdividing method and its application[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2006,30(4):42-46.
[6]	赵翰卿. 储层非均质体系、砂体内部建筑结构和流动单元研究思路探讨[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2002,21(6):16-18,43.
	ZHAO Hanqing. Approach to the study thinking about reservoir heterogeneous system,sand-body internal construction structure and flow unit[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2002,21(6):16-18,43.
[7]	周游, 李治平, 景成, 等. 基于“岩石物理相-流动单元”测井响应定量评价特低渗透油藏优质储层:以延长油田东部油区长6油层组为例[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2017,29(1):116-123.
	ZHOU You, LI Zhiping, JING Cheng, et al. Quantitative evaluation of favorable reservoir in ultra-low permeable reservoir based on "petrophysical facies-flow unit" log response:a case study of Chang 6 oil reservoir set in Yanchang oilfield[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2017,29(1):116-123.
[8]	吴胜和, 王仲林. 陆相储层流动单元研究的新思路[J]. 沉积学报, 1999,17(2):252-257.
	WU Shenghe, WANG Zhonglin. A new method of non-marine reservoir flow unit study[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1999,17(2):252-257.
[9]	姜伟民, 刘波, 石开波, 等. 塔里木盆地柯坪地区肖尔布拉克组碳酸盐岩微相类型和储集层特征[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2019,40(4):437-448.
	JIANG Weimin, LIU Bo, SHI Kaibo, et al. Microfacies and characteristics of carbonate reservoir in Xiaoerbulake formation of Keping area,Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2019,40(4):437-448.
[10]	康志宏, 陈琳, 鲁新便, 等. 塔河岩溶型碳酸盐岩缝洞系统流体动态连通性研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2012,19(2):110-120.
	KANG Zhihong, CHEN Lin, LU Xinbian, et al. Fluid dynamic connectivity of karst carbonate reservoir with fracture & cave system in Tahe oilfield[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2012,19(2):110-120.
[11]	张宸嘉, 樊太亮, 孟苗苗, 等. 塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层成像测井地质解释[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2018,39(3):352-360.
	ZHANG Chenjia, FAN Tailiang, MENG Miaomiao, et al. Geological interpretation of Ordovician carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield:application of imaging logging technology[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2018,39(3):352-360.
[12]	李娟, 孙松领. 储层流动单元研究现状、存在问题与发展趋势[J]. 特种油气藏. 2006,13(1):16-19.
	LI Juan, SUN Songling. Current situation,problems and trend in the study of reservoir flow unit[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2006,13(1):16-19.
[13]	杨宇, 康毅力, 张凤东, 等. 塔河油田缝洞型油藏流动单元的定义和划分[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2007,26(2):31-33.
	YANG Yu, KANG Yili, ZHANG Fengdong, et al. Definition and classification of flow units in Tahe fracture-cavity carbonate reservoir[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2007,26(2):31-33.
[14]	宋璠, 章辉若, 苏妮娜, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地上里塬地区延安组储层流动单元研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2016,16(6):53-58.
	SONG Fan, ZHANG Huiruo, SU Nina, et al. Research on reservoir flow units of Yan’an formation in the Shangliyuan area of Ordos basin[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2016,16(6):53-58.
[15]	苏俊磊, 李军, 张军, 等. 基于岩石物理相的储集层相对渗透率分类评价:以鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾地区长8油层组为例[J]. 深圳大学学报(理工版), 2015,32(5):480-487.
	SU Junlei, LI Jun, ZHANG Jun, et al. Classification and evaluation of relative permeability based on the analysis of petrophysical facies:a case study on Chang 8 reservoir in Zhenjing region,Ordos basin[J]. Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering, 2015,32(5):480-487.
[16]	唐衔, 侯加根, 邓强, 等. 基于模糊C均值聚类的流动单元划分方法:以克拉玛依油田五3中区克下组为例[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2009,16(4):34-37.
	TANG Xian, HOU Jiagen, DENG Qiang, et al. A new method of classifying flow units with fuzzy C-mean clustering:a case study of Kexia formation in the middle Wu3 area,Karamay oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2009,16(4):34-37.
[17]	姚合法, 林承焰, 靳秀菊, 等. 多参数判别流动单元的方法探讨[J]. 沉积学报, 2006,24(1):90-95.
	YAO Hefa, LIN Chengyan, JIN Xiuju, et al. Study on multi-parameters discrimination method for flow units[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2006,24(1):90-95.
[18]	刘佳玮. 鄂尔多斯盆地志丹南部奥陶系岩溶储层物性及孔隙结构特征[J]. 地下水, 2017,39(2):217-219.
	LIU Jiawei. Physical properties and pore structure of Ordovician karst reservoir in southern Zhidan,Ordos basin[J]. Ground Water, 2017,39(2):217-219.
[19]	郝乐伟, 王琪, 唐俊. 储层岩石微观孔隙结构研究方法与理论综述[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2013,25(5):123-128.
	HAO Lewei, WANG Qi, TANG Jun. Research progress of reservoir microscopic pore structure[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2013,25(5):123-128.

储集空间		裂缝或孔隙直径/mm	成岩作用	岩性
溶洞	孔洞	2.00~15.00	溶蚀作用	藻粘结白云岩
裂缝	构造缝	0.10~1.00	构造作用	灰岩,灰质白云岩
裂缝	溶蚀微裂缝	0.01~0.10	构造作用	灰岩,灰质白云岩
孔隙	不规则溶孔	0.01~1.00	溶蚀作用	（残余）藻粘结白云岩,藻纹层白云岩
	晶间溶孔	0.05~0.40	溶蚀作用	微—细晶白云岩,残余藻结构白云岩
	晶间孔	0.01~0.05	沉积作用	微—细晶白云岩,微—细晶含灰白云岩
	粒间溶孔	0.12~0.60	沉积溶蚀作用	微—细晶白云岩,残余藻结构白云岩
	铸模孔	0.01~1.00	次生作用、成岩作用	膏白云岩,含膏白云岩,藻砂屑灰岩

流动层带指数	储集层特征	储集层类型
>13.9	低孔高渗	裂缝型
8.5~13.9	中—低孔高渗	裂缝-孔隙型
1.0~8.5	中孔中渗、特低孔特低渗	孔隙型、基岩
≤1.0	中—低孔特低渗	孤立孔隙型

流动单元分类	样品数/个	渗透率/mD	孔隙度/%	流动层带指数
Ⅰ类	48	0.59~80.20（8.26）	2.3~9.4（3.4）	3.70~15.83（8.89）
Ⅱ类	92	0.01~13.82（1.40）	2.2~19.8（5.4）	0.59~5.57（1.96）
Ⅲ类	62	0.02~65.40（6.03）	0.3~3.4（1.4）	5.11~144.69（32.04）
Ⅳ类	92	0~0.20（0.03）	2.0~9.2（4.2）	0.12~0.98（0.55）
Ⅴ类	94	0~0.09（0.01）	0.5~2.0（1.2）	0.46~8.50（2.66）

流动单元分类	沉积微相	岩性	平均孔隙度/%	平均渗透率/mD	孔渗特征	储集空间类型
Ⅰ类	云坪	藻白云岩、白云岩	3.4	8.26	中—低孔高渗	裂缝、溶蚀孔洞
Ⅱ类	藻云坪、含灰云坪	藻粘结白云岩、含灰白云岩	5.4	1.40	中—高孔中渗	粒间溶孔、晶间溶孔
Ⅲ类	灰云坪、藻灰坪	灰岩、灰质白云岩	1.4	6.03	低孔高渗	构造缝、溶蚀缝
Ⅳ类	含藻云坪、藻屑滩、藻云灰坪	残余藻粘结白云岩、藻纹层白云岩、微—细晶白云岩	4.2	0.03	中—低孔低渗	不规则溶孔、孤立溶孔
Ⅴ类	灰坪、含云灰坪、藻灰坪	灰岩、含白云灰岩	1.2	0.01	极低孔极低渗