Abstract: Oil and gas resources are rich in the three major basins of Xinjiang (Tarim, Junggar, Turpan-Hami) respectively accounting for 21.4% and 24.0% of total resources in China, but only 8.8% oil and 1.1% gas have been proved. Thus, the probability of discovering oil and gas fields is high. Exploration and development experiences in recent years demonstrated that proved reserves in the three major basins are characterized by high value in both per unit area and single well production and large oil and gas fields, comparable with the basin, can be discovered if deepening multidisciplinary research, following the exploration program, preferential utilization of seismic survey, and regional exploration of the basin as a whole are undertaken. The three major basins of Xinjiang is the hope and future of China's oil industry.

Key words: Xinjiang, Tarim basin, Junggar basin, Turpan-Hami basin, Oil and gas resources, Oil and gas exploration, Oil-field development