Dynamic Reserves Calculation Method for Fault-Controlled Carbonate Reservoirs

doi:10.7657/XJPG20240415

Abstract

Abstract:

Fault-controlled carbonate reservoirs are highly heterogeneous, with interweaving development of pores, fractures, and vugs of various sizes. For this kind of reservoirs, the dynamic reserves calculated using conventional material balance methods may be larger than the static reserves. By incorporating water-oil ratio and considering rock compressibility coefficients for different pore-fracture-vug media, a comprehensive compressibility coefficient suitable for the fault-controlled reservoirs was derived. On this basis, a new flow material balance equation was established for the fault-karst reservoir, and its accuracy and applicability were verified using numerical simulation. The research results show that the dynamic reserves calculated by the new equation have an error of only 0.1099% with the static reserves obtained from numerical simulation, confirming the new equation’s reliability and accuracy. In the Halahatang area, the relative error between the dynamic reserves calculated using the new equation and the static reserves derived from geological modeling for multiple wells ranged from -4.82% to -0.15%, which is significantly lower than that calculated using the conventional material balance equation. The results obtained from the new equation are closer to actual conditions, making it more suitable for calculating the reserves of the fault-controlled carbonate reservoirs in the Halahatang area.

Key words: fault-controlled reservoir, carbonate rock, water-oil ratio, rock compressibility coefficient, flow material balance, dynamic reserves

CLC Number:

TE344

GENG Jie, YUE Ping, YANG Wenming, YANG Bo, ZHAO Bin, ZHANG Rujie. Dynamic Reserves Calculation Method for Fault-Controlled Carbonate Reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2024, 45(4): 499-504.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Table 1.

Fig. 4.

Table 2.

References 29

[1]	郑晓丽, 安海亭, 王祖君, 等. 哈拉哈塘地区走滑断裂与断控型油藏特征[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2019, 40(4):449-455.
	ZHENG Xiaoli, AN Haiting, WANG Zujun, et al. Characteristics of strike-slip faults and fault-karst carbonate reservoirs in Halahatang area,Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2019, 40(4):449-455.
[2]	段太忠, 张文彪, 何治亮, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北油田超深断溶体深度学习地质建模方法[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(1):203-212.
	DUAN Taizhong, ZHANG Wenbiao, HE Zhiliang, et al. Deep learning-based geological modeling of ultra-deep fault-karst reservoirs in Shunbei oilfield,Tarim basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(1):203-212.
[3]	刘军, 廖茂辉, 王来源, 等. 顺北油田顺北4号断裂带中段断控储集体连通性评价[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(4):456-464.
	LIU Jun, LIAO Maohui, WANG Laiyuan, et al. Static connectivity evaluation on fault-controlled reservoir system in the middle section of Shunbei No.4 fault zone,Shunbei oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(4):456-464.
[4]	李军, 唐博超, 韩东, 等. 断控缝洞型油藏储集体发育特征及其连通关系:以塔河油田托甫台地区T单元为例[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2022, 43(5):572-579.
	LI Jun, TANG Bochao, HAN Dong, et al. Characteristics and connectivity of fault-controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs:A case study of Unit T in Tuofutai area,Tahe oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2022, 43(5):572-579.
[5]	杨昕睿, 尹艳树, 王立鑫, 等. 塔里木盆地A地区奥陶系断控体内幕精细表征[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2023, 30(6):45-53.
	YANG Xinrui, YIN Yanshu, WANG Lixin, et al. Fine characterization of Ordovician inner fault-controlled bodies in Area A of Tarim basin[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2023, 30(6):45-53.
[6]	张银涛, 邓兴梁, 邬光辉, 等. 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区走滑断裂带油气分布与油藏模式[J]. 地质科学, 2020, 55(2):382-391.
	ZHANG Yintao, DENG Xingliang, WU Guanghui, et al. The oil distribution and accumulation model along the strike-slip fault zones in Halahatang area,Tarim basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica), 2020, 55(2):382-391.
[7]	曹立迎, 林会喜, 曹飞, 等. 基于数值试井的断溶体油藏储集体动态表征[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2023, 30(6):150-159.
	CAO Liying, LIN Huixi, CAO Fei, et al. Dynamic characterization of reservoir spaces in fault-karst reservoir based on numerical well testing[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2023, 30(6):150-159.
[8]	陈利新, 王连山, 高春海, 等. 缝洞型油藏动态储量计算的一种新方法:以塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘油田为例[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2016, 37(3):356-359.
	CHEN Lixin, WANG Lianshan, GAO Chunhai, et al. A new method to calculate dynamic reserves in fractured-vuggy reservoirs:A case from Halahatang oilfield,Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2016, 37(3):356-359.
[9]	漆立新, 云露, 曹自成, 等. 顺北油气田地质储量评估与油气勘探方向[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(2):127-135.
	QI Lixin, YUN Lu, CAO Zicheng, et al. Geological reserves assessment and petroleum exploration targets in Shunbei oil & gas field[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2021, 42(2):127-135.
[10]	陈文钢. S断溶体油藏动态储量的评价研究[D]. 成都: 西南石油大学, 2018.
	CHEN Wengang. Study on evaluation of dynamic reserves in S-karst body reservoirs[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2018.
[11]	SUN Ke, LIU Huiqing, LEUNG J Y, et al. Investigation on water-drive performance of a fault-karst carbonate reservoir under different well patterns and injection-production modes based on 2D visualized physical models[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2022,218:110925.
[12]	HU Xiangyang, ZHENG Wenbo, ZHAO Xiangyuan, et al. Quantitative characterization of deep fault-karst carbonate reservoirs:A case study of the Yuejin block in the Tahe oilfield[J]. Energy Geoscience, 2023, 4(3):63-70.
[13]	宁超众, 孙龙德, 胡素云, 等. 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘油田奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层岩溶类型及特征[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(1):15-32. doi: 10.7623/syxb202101002
	NING Chaozhong, SUN Longde, HU Suyun, et al. Karst types and characteristics of the Ordovician fracture-cavity type carbonate reservoirs in Halahatang oilfield,Tarim basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(1):15-32. doi: 10.7623/syxb202101002
[14]	杨德彬, 鲁新便, 高志前, 等. 塔北深层海相碳酸盐岩断溶体成藏认识及油藏特征[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(4):43-50. doi: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.10.11
	YANG Debin, LU Xinbian, GAO Zhiqian, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation and reservoir characteristics of deep marine fault-karst reservoirs in northern Tarim basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(4):43-50. doi: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.10.11
[15]	王禹川. 哈6缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏生产动态特征分析[D]. 成都: 西南石油大学, 2012.
	WANG Yuchuan. Characterization of production dynamics in Ha 6 seam-hole carbonate reservoirs[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2012.
[16]	唐海, 何娟, 荣元帅, 等. 塔河断控型油藏典型断溶体注水驱替规律及剩余油分布特征[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2018, 25(3):95-100.
	TANG Hai, HE Juan, RONG Yuanshuai, et al. Study on water drive law and characteristics of remaining oil distribution of typical fault-karst in fault-karst reservoirs,Tahe oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2018, 25(3):95-100.
[17]	张长建, 吕艳萍, 张振哲. 塔里木盆地塔河油田西部斜坡区中下奥陶统古岩溶洞穴发育特征[J]. 石油实验地质, 2022, 44(6):1008-1017.
	ZHANG Changjian, LÜ Yanping, ZHANG Zhenzhe. Features of Middle-Lower Ordovician paleo-karst caves in western slope area,Tahe oilfield,Tarim basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2022, 44(6):1008-1017.
[18]	汪如军, 冯建伟, 李世银, 等. 塔北—塔中隆起奥陶系富油气三角带断裂特征及控藏分析[J]. 特种油气藏, 2023, 30(2):26-35. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2023.02.004
	WANG Rujun, FENG Jianwei, LI Shiyin, et al. Analysis on fault characteristics and reservoir control of Ordovician hydrocarbon-rich triangle zone in Tabei-Tazhong uplift[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2023, 30(2):26-35.
[19]	郑松青, 刘东, 刘中春, 等. 塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏井控储量计算[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2015, 36(1):78-81.
	ZHENG Songqing, LIU Dong, LIU Zhongchun, et al. Well controlled reserve calculation for fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield,Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2015, 36(1):78-81.
[20]	李红波, 王翠丽, 牛阁, 等. 有封闭水体的缝洞型油藏动态储量评价:以塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘油田为例[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(3):321-325.
	LI Hongbo, WANG Cuili, NIU Ge, et al. Dynamic reserves evaluation of fractured-cavity reservoirs with closed water:A case from Halahatang oilfield,Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(3):321-325.
[21]	李珂, 李允, 刘明. 缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏储量计算方法研究[J]. 石油钻采工艺, 2007, 29(2):103-104.
	LI Ke, LI Yun, LIU Ming. Study on reserves calculating method of fractured-cavernous carbonate reservoirs[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2007, 29(2):103-104.
[22]	陈志海, 常铁龙, 刘常红. 缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏动用储量计算新方法[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2007, 28(3):315-319.
	CHEN Zhihai, CHANG Tielong, LIU Changhong. A new approach to producing reserve calculation of fractured-vuggy carbonate rock reservoirs[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2007, 28(3):315-319.
[23]	巫波, 杨文东, 姜应兵, 等. 利用注水替油资料计算塔河缝洞型油藏动态储量的方法[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2022, 41(2):59-66.
	WU Bo, YANG Wendong, JIANG Yingbing, et al. Calculating method of the dynamic reserves by water injecting and oil flooding data for the fractured-vuggy oil reservoirs in Tahe oilfield[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2022, 41(2):59-66.
[24]	顾浩, 康志江, 尚根华, 等. 基于物质平衡的超深断控型油藏弹性驱产能主控因素分析[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2021, 28(4):86-92.
	GU Hao, KANG Zhijiang, SHANG Genhua, et al. Analysis of main controlling factors for elastic flooding productivity of ultra-deep fault-karst reservoirs based on material balance[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2021, 28(4):86-92.
[25]	李冬梅, 李会会, 朱苏阳, 等. 断控型油气藏流动物质平衡方法[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(1):154-162.
	LI Dongmei, LI Huihui, ZHU Suyang, et al. Modified flowing material balance method for fault-karst reservoirs[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2022, 34(1):154-162.
[26]	张如杰, 乐平, 张莹, 等. 托普台南区块断溶体油藏栅状断片结构数值模拟[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2024, 45(1):58-64.
	ZHANG Rujie, YUE Ping, ZHANG Ying, et al. Numerical simulation of grid-like fragmented structure of fault-karst reservoirs in southern Tuoputai block[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2024, 45(1):58-64.
[27]	李传亮. 油藏工程原理[M]. 3版. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2017.
	LI Chuanliang. Principles of reservoir engineering[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2017.
[28]	MATTAR L, MCNEIL R. The “flowing” gas material balance[J]. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 1998, 37(2):37-42.
[29]	蔡珺君, 彭先, 余平, 等. 超深层碳酸盐岩气藏流动物质平衡新方法[J]. 断块油气田, 2023, 30(4):656-664.
	CAI Junjun, PENG Xian, YU Ping, et al. New method of flowing material balance in ultra deep carbonate gas reservoirs[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2023, 30(4):656-664.

水油比	修正的综合压缩系数/MPa^-1	物质平衡方程计算储量/10⁴ t	断溶体流动物质平衡新方程计算储量/10⁴ t
0	0.001 29	242.38	193.91
0.5	0.001 54	203.60	162.88
1.0	0.001 79	175.50	140.41
2.0	0.002 28	137.55	110.04
3.0	0.002 77	113.10	90.48
4.0	0.003 26	96.03	76.82
5.0	0.003 76	83.43	66.74
8.0	0.005 23	59.88	47.90
9.0	0.005 73	54.73	43.78
10.0	0.006 22	50.38	40.31

井名	水油比	静态储量/10⁴ t	物质平衡方程		断溶体流动物质平衡新方程
井名	水油比	静态储量/10⁴ t	计算储量/10⁴ t	相对误差/%	计算储量/10⁴ t	相对误差/%
B井	3.0	40.0	60.07	50.18	39.94	-0.15
C井	3.0	20.0	20.57	2.85	19.70	-1.50
D井	4.0	50.0	58.62	17.24	47.59	-4.82
E井	3.0	4.9	5.67	15.71	4.85	-1.02
F井	3.0	11.5	12.32	7.13	11.15	-3.04
G井	3.0	25.0	26.74	6.96	24.83	-0.68
H井	4.0	8.5	8.98	5.65	8.36	-1.65