Table of Content

01 December 2002, Volume 23 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Achievements and Prospect for Petroleum Exploration and Development in Junggar Basin WANG Yi-lin, ZHANG Yi-jie, WANG Guo-hui, WANG Xu-long 2002, 23 (6):  449-455.  Abstract ( 0 )   PDF (835KB) ([an error occurred while processing this directive])   Save The petroleum prospecting in Junggar basin commenced in early 1900s. After the liberation, it was entering large-scale E & D practices. With the focus of the prospecting converting from foothill belt into platform area in middle of 1950s, Karamay oilfield and petroleum accumulation zones in northwestern margin of Junggar basin were discovered successively. Particularly, since performing China's reform and open policy, introduction of advanced tools and theory for petroleum exploration, the oil bearing mode of great overthrust structural belt in northwestern margin of Jung- gar basin was developed and established, thus followed by a series of discoveries such as Jundong (East Junggar) hydrocarbon enriched area, Jurassic petroleum accumulation zone in hinterland of the basin and Luliang Cretaceous oil-gas enriched belt. Hence, the reservoir-formation model of “Allogenic petroleum migration and accumulation along beam and step controlled by faults and fractures” have been summarized and proposed, which is of powerful guidance to important breakthroughs for petroleum prospecting hereafter. Meanwhile, oil-gas exploitation has been obtaining achievements out of the common: A large scale of heavy oil thermal recovery conducted in early of 1980s has become one of backbones in productivity of Karamay oilfield, with annual production over 300×104t; developing a complete set of theories and methods for reasonable development of conglomerate reservoir,medium-permeable sandstone reservoir,low-permeable fractured reservoir and special volcanic reservoir, thus realizing continued production growth; in 2002, crude production of 1010×104t will be reached by PetroChina Xinjiang Oil,and Karamay oilfield will become the first giant field with annual output over 1000×104t in Western China. In order to realize persisting development of the field and make greater contribute to the Great Development of Western China, we have worked out planning or targets in the near, middle and long-term development, i.e., in 2002, reaching crude output of 1000×104t, natural gas output of 20×108m3; by the end of “Tenth Five-Year Plan”,oil output of 1200×104t, gas output of 30×108m3; in 2010, oil output of 1500×104t, gas output of 50×108m3. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Choose of A New Cycle of Strategic Succession Region of Petroleum Resources in West-Central China QIU Dong-zhou, YU Qian 2002, 23 (6):  456-461.  Abstract ( 95 )   PDF (269KB) ( 217 )   Save The west-central China has been chiefly chosen for a new cycle of domestic strategic region in petroleum resources. According to the exploration situations and resource potentials of known 5 oil-gas bearing basins here,the demonstration of their geologic conditions for hydrocarbon generation, petroleum systems and petroleum prospect evalu- ations, and by apply ing new theory of petroleum geology,this paper proposed following 5 areas as the new strategic re- gions in west-central China during Tenth Five-Y ear Plan”southwest depression of Tarim basin, western depression of Sichuan basin,southern depression of Junggar basin,western depression of Erdos basin and Delinha depression of northeastern Qaidam basin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study on Hydrocarbon Pool Formation and Prospect Targets of Reconstructed Basin- An example of Yingen-Ejinaqi basin YUE Fu-sheng, WANG Xin-min, MA Long, LI Tian-shun 2002, 23 (6):  462-465.  Abstract ( 67 )   PDF (873KB) ( 303 )   Save The multiple period reconstruction and stacking or overlapping are common characteristics of western oil-gas bearing basins in China. To study this type of basin may use the research thinking based on conserved unit. The reconstructing type and stacking style of conserved unit control oil-gas pool-formation and distribution. And it may predict such models and reservoir distributions according to the both as mentioned above. The synthetic study of petroleum system, basin modeling and evaluation methods of exploration targets can solve the timing, bordering, locating, quantity, orienting and leveling of oil-gas pool formations. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Advancing Exploration of Jurassic in Junggar Basin and Its Secondary Hydrocarbon Pools Formation and Enrichment YANG Wen-xiao, ZHAO Zheng-ya 2002, 23 (6):  466-470.  Abstract ( 82 )   PDF (1107KB) ( 234 )   Save The hydrocarbon exploration of Jurassic in Junggar basin underwent three stages. In 1980s, introduction of digital seismic technique and steam injection or flooding technology for thermal recovery of heavy oil; in 1990s, proposing principle of “highlighting large sag to search for giant field” and Taking the basinal hinterland as a major battlefield, hence Jurassic became main target for petroleum exploration; at the end of 2001, we obtained OOIP of 5.2786×108t, OGIP of 253.98×108m3, which account for 30% of the total 0OIP and 40% of the total OGIP found in Junggar basin respectively. In 2001, annual crude production from Jurassic was 502.8 172×104t, accounting for 51.9% of total production the same year. The premium reserves provided from Jurassic contributes greatly to the breakthrough of annual pro- duction of 1000×104t in 2002 by PetroChina Xinjiang Oil. There exist three Jurassic fields (reservoirs) where premium reserves are controlling the annual crude production of Jurassic in Junggar basin. Its 6 basic characteristics in hydrocarbon reservoir formation and enrichment could reflect general patterns and potential for exploration of secondary reservoirs in Junggar basin. It is indicated that oil sources and faulting are prerequisites for formation of secondary hydrocarbon reservoir, while trap, reservoir and conservation are the major conditions for oil and gas field (reservoir) enrichment. Therefore, in next stage, new areas of Jurassic and new domain prospect should be put in the first place, along with placing emphasis on seismic prospect and preprospect of Jurassic,anatomizing litho-stratigraphic trap in Toutunhe-Qigu formation,continuing rolling exploration and development, and carrying out tackling key problem to low permeability reservoir of Badaowan formation as well as complex structures in southern margin of Junggar basin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Petroleum Exploration and Mountain Seismic Technique in Southern Margin of Junggar Basin LI Li-cheng, REN Cui-xia, SONG Xi-xiong, WANG Wen-zhi 2002, 23 (6):  471-473.  Abstract ( 76 )   PDF (799KB) ( 215 )   Save Southern margin of Junggar basin is characterized by abundant hydrocarbon resources and multiple traps,with low degree of prospecting and big difficulty for exploration. It is the most realistic strategic succession area for hydrocarbon prospecting in the basin. According to geologic and geomorphic features, to find out subsurface structural configuration should mainly depend on mountain seismic techniques. Hence, it is necessary to optimize induced polarization conditions, adopt available 2D result for developing initial model and observation system suitable to the complex subsurface situations; to carry out static correction near the mountain surface, pay attention to veracity in seismic reflection imaging; and to reasonably dispose mountain 2D and 3D seismic, an old idea of “cannot apply 3D unless yielding crude flow” must be cancelled. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Basement of Junggar Basin and Its Seismic Velocity Characteristics CHEN Jun-xiang, CHEN Jing-liang 2002, 23 (6):  474-477.  Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (856KB) ( 287 )   Save This paper makes statistics and analysis of seismic velocity in seismic transformed wave in Junggar basin and Tarim basin, and comparison of these with compressional wave velocity features from Yangzi platform (Yun-nan province), Erdos platform (Ningxia-Inner Mongolia) and Huabei platform (North China). It is considered that in Junggar basin sialic layer is absent, and epimetamorphic Yolded basement”of Lower Paleozoic directly overlapped on sialma, without hypometamorphic rock formation (i.e, “Crystalline basement”). However, Tarim basin, Yangzi platform, Erdos platform and Huabei platform are all characterized by similar crust-mantle velocity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Geochemical Characteristics of Carboniferous Crude Oil in Jundong Area YANG Bin, YAN Zhi-min, YOU Qi-mei, HAN Jun, GUAN Qiang, REN Jiang-ling, WU Jian-ying 2002, 23 (6):  478-481.  Abstract ( 78 )   PDF (620KB) ( 285 )   Save Through evaluation of Carboniferous hydrocarbon source rocks and correlation of oil sources in Jundong area (eastern Junggar basin),it is indicated that Well Block Cai 25,Well Caican 1 and Well Ji 15 contain crude oil which belongs to coal-derived oil from coal measures in Carboniferous Dishuiquan formation and Batamayineishan formation, the crude from Well Fu 10 was originated from source rocks of Permian Pingdiquan formation; while those from Well Cai 30 and Well Shaqiu 6 came from mixed hydrocarbons of Permian and Carboniferous source rocks. Meanwhile, crude oil from Well Block Cai 25 and WellJi 15 are coal-derived oil which formed under the weak oxido-reduction environment, that from Well Caican 1 is one formed under the reduction-strong reduction environment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Geochemical Characteristics of Water Rock Interaction Products in Junggar Basin ZHANG Yi-jie 2002, 23 (6):  482-484.  Abstract ( 96 )   PDF (592KB) ( 239 )   Save Water rock interaction is an important process of the diagenesis, and its products are the proofs of reservoir diagenesis. They can study not only reservoir diagenesis, but also analyze flowed fluid history, components and nature. Based on the results of the electron-probing analysis on the carbonate minerals from the products of water rock interaction in Shixi oilfield, Shinan oilfield, Mobei oilfield and Hong-Che fault belt in Junggar basin, this paper discussed the relationship between carbonate minerals from diagenesis and oil-bearing flowed fluids. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Strategy for Exploration of Carbonate Reservoir of Lower Paleozoic in Tarim Basin ZHOU Xing-xi 2002, 23 (6):  485-488.  Abstract ( 72 )   PDF (1095KB) ( 281 )   Save The petroleum reservoirs in Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks in Tarim basin occur as layered or massive shapes in its exterior configuration,but in fact its interior structures are composed of faults and fractures which connect with pores and cavities, forming network-like petroleum system. And they are characterized by abnormal heterogeneity. Therefore, don't blindly negate resource potential or abandon petroleum prospect only due to low-productivity wells and water producing wells drilled within hydrocarbon-enriched domain or oil-gas fields. To pay attention to technology of payzone protection is the key for high production. And largescale acid fracture treatment of the reservoirs is another key for high and steady production. It is the only way for understanding of the resource potential in this area and for making proper decision for identifying giant oil/gas fields as early as possible. According to available exploratory results herein,the domain can be classified into 5 reservoir assemblages,11 favorable pool forming zones and 16 favorable blocks for hydrocarbon prospect, of which Lunnan, Tazhong, Yingmaili and Tahe would be as the most favorable areas. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Basic Petroleum Geology Conditions for Formation of Ordovician Carbonate Reservoir in Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin LI Guo-zheng, WANG Hui, DING Yong 2002, 23 (6):  493-495.  Abstract ( 94 )   PDF (360KB) ( 303 )   Save The discovery of Ordovician carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield foreshowed that Tarim basin has bright prospect of searching for giant oil-gas pools. This paper comprehensively studied various data such as drilling, geology, lab analysis and experiment or testing, and pointed out that the basic petroleum geologic conditions for forming Tahe oilfield include: source rocks around three sides indicates abundant hydrocarbon supply; pores, caves and fissures are good places of reservoir network; cap rocks superposition each other shows good sealing and screened conditions; the trapping condition is good; faulting and reservoir are channels for oil-gas migration; and reconstruction and damage in late period are smaller, conservative conditions are better, etc. References | Related Articles | Metrics

New Discovery of Radiolarian Fossils from Aiktik Group in Tarim Basin and Its Significance LI Yue-jun, WANG Zhao-ming, MAI Guang-rong, WU Hao-ruo, HUANG Zhi-bin, TAN Ze-jin 2002, 23 (6):  496-500.  Abstract ( 113 )   PDF (1884KB) ( 235 )   Save Aiktik group，distributed at the western end of South Tianshan Mountains in China，is an important lithostratigraphic unit involved in south Tianshan orogen. It is separated from the adjacent rocks with faults. Generally, the geologists classified it into Upper Carboniferous according to Pseudostaffella sp.，Profusulinella sp. and Fusulinella sp. found from the limestone and sandy limestone of Aiktik. Our radiolarian fossils were obtained from the chert samples collected from Haladaok section located at the upper stream of Tuoshihan river. The fossils include mainly Albcillla undulata Deflandre, Albillla paradoxa Deflandre, Albaillella sp. aff. A. paradoxa Deflandre, Albaillella sp. cf. A. deflandrei Gourmelon, Albillella sp., Albillella excelsa Ishiga, Kito and Imoto (?)， Belowea variabilis (Ormiston et Lane), Callella cf. C. parvispinosa Won, Entactinia cf. E. tortispina Ormiston et Lane, Entactinia aff. E. tortispina Ormiston et Lane， Entactinia variospina Won， Entactinia sp.， Eostylodictya rota (Won)，Latentifistula impella (Ormistone et Lane) (?)， Latentifistula turgida Omiston et Lane， Latentifistulidae. gen. et. sp. indet. 和 Polyentactinia cf. aranea Gourmelon. In which, Albaillella excelsa Ishiga, Kito and Imoto (?) isa Late Permian species with some element of unsure as there is only one unwell-preserved individual fossil of this species found so far. And two radiolarian assemblages can be identified out from the other fossils. One is the early Early Carboniferous assemblage represented with Alballella undulata Deflandre, Alballella paradoxa Deflandre and Albailella sp. cf. A. deflandrei Gourmelon. And the other is the late Early Carboniferous assemblage represented with Eostylodictya rota (Won). This is the first discovery of radiolarian fossils in Aiktik group, also the first discovery of Late Permian radiolarian fossil in Chinese South Tianshan. Meanwhile, this is the current most-west sampling place of radio larian fossil in Chinese South Tianshan. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Geochemical Characteristics of Source Rocks in Changling Area, Songliao Basin ZHANG Zhi-huan, WU Yu-yuan, YU Kai, WU Shui-ping, LIU Hong-jun 2002, 23 (6):  501-506.  Abstract ( 76 )   PDF (1887KB) ( 207 )   Save There mainly distributes four series of source rocks, including Nenjiang, Qingshankou, Denglouku and Shahezi-Yingcheng formations of Cretaceous in Changling area, Songliao basin. This paper presents the distribution feature of dark mudstone, organic matter content, types and maturity of organic matter in these source rocks mentioned above. The geochemical characteristics of extract from the source rocks, such as organic matter composition of saturation hydrocarbon (based on gas chromatogram), composition and configuration characteristics of steroid and triterpane (based on GC/MS),and carbon isotopes composition of chloroform bitumen A and group composition have been presented too. According to the geochemical characteristics of organic matter in source rocks, the parent matter type, geochemistry environment and maturity of organic matter were analyzed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Method and Effect to Develop the Gigantic Velocity Field in Tarim Basin ZHU Guang-sheng, YANG Jin-hua, DUAN Tian-you, YANG Shu, CHEN Zun-de, HUANG Lu-zhong 2002, 23 (6):  507-510.  Abstract ( 79 )   PDF (723KB) ( 227 )   Save In this paper, we provide a whole set of method to develop a high precise gigantic velocity field. And we build a giant velocity field in Tarim basin. This velocity field is about 10.2×104km2, which equals to the total areas of Jiangsu province, and 8 km deep. In accordance with the special problems of giant velocity field, we use automatic discarding abnormal values, ridding intersection velocity closing error, and horizontal slice velocity calibration, extend VSP well. By comprehensively using velocity spectrum, VSP, sonic log data, and database technique, we establish a high precision velocity field. With this velocity field, we test two VSP wells which were completed using velocity field data. The predicted max absolute error is 54m/s, the average is 37m/s; the max relative error is 1.87%, the average is 1.26%. According to the data given by this velocity field, we can plot a depth structural map, which correctly disclose a petroliferous structure that we can not show it on the TO contour map. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Analysis of Seismic Prospecting Effectiveness in Jiyang Depression ZONG Guo-hong, SHI Hong-xia, GUO Yuan-ling, ZHAO Le-qiang, GAO Lei, ZHANG Yan 2002, 23 (6):  511-512.  Abstract ( 96 )   PDF (423KB) ( 227 )   Save Quantitative analyses of relations of seismic data with exploratory well and reserve history in Jiyang depression shows that more powerful seismic prospecting is significant foundation for maintaining high-level exploration. It is 3D application and development that guarantee the stable growth of petroleum reserves in the depression in recent years. Comparing with 2D seismic, 3D seismic has much better exploratory effects. Therefore, 3D seismic is more and more paid attention to with exploration extent enlargement. In Jiyang depression, the locations of exploration well given by 3D seismic allow useful-life possible about 5 years. In view of continuing growth for geologic understandings of the depression, it appears that the successive rate for exploration wells disposed is not decreasing obviously in similar 3D project area with the increase of the useful-life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study on Pre-Stacking Seismic Signals for Wavelet Packet WANG Zhen-guo, ZHOU Xi-xiang, ZHONG Ben-shan 2002, 23 (6):  513-515.  Abstract ( 70 )   PDF (819KB) ( 249 )   Save There are usually different noises in seismic data before stacking. In order to pick-up effectual wave, we must remove noise waves such as surface wave and random noise with high frequency. The normal methods include: 1D filter, f-x filter, t-p transform, f-x prediction, etc. However, these methods have limitations that they only particular emphasis on a single characteristic of surface wave or are based on some hypothesis. Wavelet packet is a time-frequency analytical method, and can be better of dividing the seismic data in detail than wavelet transform. It can describe the distribution of effectual wave and noise wave in time-space field at same frequency,comparing with traditional Fourier transform. By decomposing seismic data before stacking with wavelet packet, separate surface-wave and random noise of high frequency from seismic data. After processing wavelet packet reconstruction, we can eliminate noise-wave and allow fewer damage of effectual wave. Through validating real data, wavelet packet is good for removing noise. References | Related Articles | Metrics

New Method of Determining Original Gas In-Place and Recoverable Rreserves for Abnormally High Pressure Gas Reservoir CHEN Yuan-qian 2002, 23 (6):  516-519.  Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (443KB) ( 212 )   Save Based on the material balance equation for volumetric, closed and abnormally high pressured gas reservoirs in reference [1], new method of determining original gas in-place (OGIP) and recoverable reserves (GR), along with recovery efficiency (ER) for abnormally high pressured gas reservoirs are proposed in this paper. Application and Correlation by actual examples indicate that the proposed new method is effective and correct. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Measurement and Suggestion about Stabilizing Annual Crude Production of A Ten Million Tons by Xinjiang Oilfield Company YANG Rui-qi 2002, 23 (6):  520-521.  Abstract ( 144 )   PDF (122KB) ( 205 )   Save In 2002, Xinjiang Oilfield Company will reach bright target of oil production of 1000x104t, which is the historical breakthrough being strived for by Xinjiang's oil men of a few generations. Junggar basin has abundant foundations in hydrocarbon resources for stabilizing a ten million tons of annual oil production and realizing even higher yield; the valuable experiences from exploitation of complex oil and gas fields accumulated by the generations of oil men are also technically guarantees for them. For different types of hydrocarbon reservoirs, different stable production measurements should be adopted based on different development stages and principal issues. For instance, conglomerate reservoir should be classified into one, two or three types, and allowing implementation of chemical flooding as early as possible (e.g, CO2 flooding, N2 flooding and steam injection thermal flooding). After these tests, conversion into tertiary oil recovery would be made in order to realize stable production. The medium and low permeability sandstone reservoirs newly put into production should be managed and studied at the early stage; the heavy oil reservoirs should be converted into steam flooding as early as possible,followed by performing regulation and control of steam drive for maintaining stable production. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Law of Pressure Spread in Different Flow States ZHU Sheng-ju 2002, 23 (6):  522-523.  Abstract ( 136 )   PDF (221KB) ( 228 )   Save The law of pressure spread of elastic fluid unsteady flow in different low states is derived by using the steady state replacement method. Pressure spread in spherical flow is the fastest among the spherical, radial and linear flow states, and that in linear flow is the slowest among them. The time of pressure spread in linear flow is 2 times as fast as radial flow, and that in radial flow is 1.5 times as fast as spherical flow, when distances of pressure spread are equal among them. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study of Remained Oil Distribution in Tertiary Infill Test Area in District Xing 1-3, Daqing Oilfield DU Qing-long, LU Wei-gang, FU Chang-qiong, YU Hong 2002, 23 (6):  524-527.  Abstract ( 66 )   PDF (751KB) ( 202 )   Save This paper analyzed water-flooded situation of each single sand layer and its affecting factors in inspection wells drilled in resent years for the infill test area, and developed remained oil recognition model for individual layer by using neural network mode recognition method. Based on this model, the remained oil distribution of each layer in tertiary infill test area was studied, outlining the distribution characteristics and origin types of various types of reservoirs, analyzing potential distribution of remained oil in the area. Hence, this paper provided reliable basis for location of tertiary infill well and workout of its perforating project. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Determination of Gas-Water Boundary in Gas Reservoir Using Dim Spot Technique—an example of Kekeya E2k gas reservoir WU Chao, WANG Xiao-yun, YE Cui-hua, CHEN Jun 2002, 23 (6):  528-529.  Abstract ( 79 )   PDF (772KB) ( 201 )   Save The seismic and geologic proof is concluded in this article, which can explain the dim spot existed at the deep Kekeya's E2k gas reservoir, from studying the acoustic impedance and the surface reflection coefficient of Kekeya gas-bearing carbonate rock. On the basis of correct layer defined, and by means of color display in the computer, the dim spot is successfully identified and the border of gas and water as well as area of gas containing is finally confirmed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study on Application of Combinable Magnetic Resonance Log (CMR) CHENG Fang, SUN De-jie, LIU Jie, ZHANG Jun, GAO Qiu-tao, LI Shu-yun 2002, 23 (6):  530-532.  Abstract ( 145 )   PDF (769KB) ( 249 )   Save Combinable Magnetic Resonance Log (CMR) has significant advantage over conventional well logs. It can provide visually and accurately porosity and permeability of reservoirs, distinguish movable fluid and irreducible or bound fluid, and reflect pore structures in them. This paper analyzed and compared the porosity and permeability by CMR with those from core lab, establishing the corresponding relations between them in order to allow detailed and correct description of reservoir parameters. Also, on the basis of mercury injection experiment, the capillary pressure data vs. aperture distribution by CMR were studied, which laid a basis for applying T2 spectrum to inversing capillary pressure curves. Finally, this paper conducted recognition of pay zone and gas reservoir, and estimated oil-gas bearing saturation by solving irreducible fluid saturation integrated with resistivity log and Archie's saturation interpretation model, thus widening out scope of using CMR data, providing a new technique for evaluation of pay zone or gas reservoir. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Exploration Technology of Ordovician Carbonate Reservoir in Tahe Oilfield JIANG Bing-nan, JIANG Cheng-sheng, WANG Shi-min 2002, 23 (6):  533-535.  Abstract ( 87 )   PDF (153KB) ( 225 )   Save The exploration and development of super-deep Paleozoic carbonate reservoir of fissured-cavity that is regarded as difficult problem of world level has been studied by Northwest Petroleum Bureau, CNSPC in recent years. A series of technologies that have been applied to Paleozoic carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield are developed, such as 3D seismic imaging processing and detailed interpretation, carbonate reservoir forecasting and evaluation, the oil and gas recognition as well as acid-fracturing, well test and complete, under-balanced drilling, horizontal well drilling, vertical well with lateral drilling, etc. The greater advances and notable economic effectiveness are obtained. References | Related Articles | Metrics