顺北地区中—小尺度断控缝洞体地震预测

doi:10.7657/XJPG20250214

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

顺北地区发育断控缝洞型油气藏，针对主干断裂带的油气勘探开发取得了较好的效果。除主干断裂带之外，还发育大量中—小尺度断裂，该类型断裂带数量更多、分布更广、尺度更小。受目标埋深（大于8 000 m）和尺度影响，中—小尺度断裂及其控制的缝洞体在地震资料上响应不清，难以识别和描述。从地震资料解释入手，采用频谱延拓提高分辨率处理和强反射分离技术，增强地震数据的动力学信息，有效凸显了中—小尺度断控缝洞体地震反射特征。根据不同类型储集体特征优选敏感属性，曲波多尺度相干对中—小尺度断裂较敏感，依据杂乱度和分频能量能够较好地识别断裂破碎带和缝洞体。通过对反映不同信息的属性进行融合，实现了中—小尺度断控缝洞体预测和描述。在顺北地区进行应用，有效指导了井位部署，取得了较好的油气开发效果。

关键词: 顺北地区, 断控缝洞体, 中—小尺度断裂, 地震预测, 频谱延拓, 相干, 杂乱度属性, 分频能量属性

Abstract:

The Shunbei area in Tarim Basin develops fault-controlled fracture-cave reservoirs, and good results have been achieved in exploration and development of the main fault zones. In addition to the main fault zones, there are numerous small- to medium-sized faults in the area, which are more abundant, widely distributed, and smaller in scale. Due to the target depth (>8 000 m) and scale, it is difficult for small- to medium-sized faults and their controlled fracture-cave bodies to get clear seismic responses, so to identify and describe them is hard. Based on seismic data interpretation, spectral extension and strong reflection separation techniques were applied to enhance the kinetic information in the seismic data, effectively highlighting the seismic reflection characteristics of the small- to medium-sized fault-controlled fracture-cave bodies. Sensitive attributes were selected depending on the characteristics of different types of reservoirs. The multi-scale coherence of curvelet is found to be sensitive to small- to medium-sized faults, and the attributes such as disorderliness and frequency-division energy can be used to effectively identify fault zones and fracture-cave bodies. Small- to medium-sized fault-controlled fracture-cave bodies were successfully predicted and described by integrating the attributes reflecting different information. This technique was applied in the Shunbei area, which effectively guided well deployment, facilitating the oil and gas development.

Key words: Shunbei area, fault-controlled fracture-cave body, small- to medium-sized fault, seismic prediction, spectral extension, coherence, disorderliness, frequency-division energy

中图分类号:

TE122

李弘艳, 刘军, 龚伟, 张荣. 顺北地区中—小尺度断控缝洞体地震预测[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2025, 46(2): 240-245.

LI Hongyan, LIU Jun, GONG Wei, ZHANG Rong. Seismic Prediction of Small- to Medium-Sized Fault-Controlled Fracture-Cave Bodies in Shunbei Area, Tarim Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2025, 46(2): 240-245.

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