库车坳陷秋里塔格构造带西段高精度地震成像

doi:10.7657/XJPG20230516

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

秋里塔格构造带西段是库车坳陷油气勘探的重要接替领域，地表条件及地下构造复杂，地震勘探难度大，主构造区勘探程度低，早期单线和宽线二维地震资料无法精确刻画高陡构造特征及复杂断裂系统。采用两宽一高三维和高密度线束三维联合地震勘探，提高复杂高陡构造区的有效覆盖次数；微测井约束浅表层速度建模，提高复杂山地及山前巨厚砾石覆盖区的静校正精度；六分法联合去噪，提高盐间及盐下地震资料的信噪比；五维插值及规则化降低山地不规则观测系统对叠前深度偏移成像的影响；双程波逆时偏移克服高陡地层偏移成像精度低的难题。采集处理一体化及地震地质融合研究，大幅提高秋里塔格构造带西段地震成像精度。

关键词: 秋里塔格构造带西段, 宽方位, 宽频带, 高密度, 速度模型, 联合去噪, 五维插值, 规则化, 逆时偏移

Abstract:

The western Qiulitag structural belt is an important successive area for oil and gas exploration in the Kuqa depression, Tarim basin. Its complex surface and underground geological conditions bring challenges to seismic survey. It has been less explored in the main structural belt, where the high steep structural features and complex fault systems cannot be depicted by using previous 2D (single-line and wide-line) seismic data. To address this problem, a combination of wide-frequency band, wide-azimuth and high-density 3D seismic survey and high-density cable 3D seismic survey is used to increase the effective folds in the complex, high, steep structural areas. The microlog-constrained shallow surface velocity modeling is conducted to improve the static correction accuracy in complex mountainous areas and thick gravel-covered piedmont areas. The six-division method for denoising is adopted to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data in inter-salt and pre-salt structures. The five-dimensional interpolation and regularization technique is applied to mitigate the impact of irregular observation system in mountainous areas on pre-stack depth migration imaging. Moreover, two-way wave reverse time-migration is performed to increase the migration imaging precision of highly steep formations. Through acquisition-processing integration and seismic-geological fusion, the seismic imaging precision in the western Qiulitag structural belt can be significantly improved.

Key words: western Qiulitag structural belt, wide-azimuth, wide frequency band, high-density, velocity model, denoising, five-dimensional interpolation, regularization, reverse time migration

中图分类号:

P631.443

张向全, 谷永兴, 刘军, 裴家定, 顾小弟. 库车坳陷秋里塔格构造带西段高精度地震成像[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(5): 626-633.

ZHANG Xiangquan, GU Yongxing, LIU Jun, PEI Jiading, GU Xiaodi. High-Precision Seismic Imaging of Western Qiulitag Structural Belt in Kuqa Depression[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(5): 626-633.

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