储集层孔喉网络模拟中球棍模型适用性探讨

doi:10.7657/XJPG20250514

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 球棍模型广泛应用于储集层孔喉网络模拟，然而，储集层孔喉尺度跨度大，且结构类型多样，球棍模型是否完全适用，缺乏有效验证。恒速压汞法是研究孔喉结构的重要方法之一。利用构型理论和层次分析方法，划分恒速压汞曲线构型，并解译构型的储集层孔喉层次结构，深入探讨储集层孔喉网络模拟中球棍模型的适用性。结果表明：恒速压汞曲线可分为A构型区和B构型区，分别对应微米级大孔和纳米级小孔；A构型区，随着进汞压力增大，孔隙、孔道和喉道的进汞饱和度均单调递增，说明大孔具有孔喉二元结构，孔道与喉道并存，孔喉比大于1，球棍模型适用；B构型区，随着进汞压力增大，孔隙和喉道的进汞饱和度单调递增，孔道进汞饱和度保持不变，说明小孔不具有孔喉二元结构，基本为喉道，孔喉比为1，球棍模型不适用，毛细管模型更适合。球棍模型与毛细管模型结合，可完整模拟储集层孔喉网络。储集层物性越差，毛细管模型越适用于孔喉网络模拟。

关键词: 储集层, 孔喉网络, 球棍模型, 毛细管模型, 适用性, 恒速压汞曲线, 构型, 孔喉层次结构

Abstract:

Ball-and-stick model is widely employed in simulating pore network within reservoirs. However, given a broad range of pore scales and diversity of structural types in reservoirs, whether this model is universally applicable remains inadequately validated. Constant-rate mercury intrusion (CRMI) is one of the key methods for studying pore-throat structures. By employing the configuration theory and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the configurations of CRMI curves were classified, the corresponding hierarchical architectures of reservoir pore systems were interpreted, and the applicability of ball-and-stick model in reservoir pore network simulation was examined. The results indicate that CRMI curves can be divided into Configuration A and B regions, corresponding to micron-scale pores and nano-scale pores, respectively. In Configuration A region, as the mercury injection pressure increases, the mercury injection saturation in pore network, pores, and throats rises monotonically, indicating a binary pore-throat structure in the micron-scale pores, with a pore/throat ratio higher than 1. Here, the ball-and-stick model is applicable. In Configuration B region, as the mercury injection pressure increases, the mercury injection saturation in pore network and throats increases monotonically, while the mercury injection saturation in pores remains constant. This suggests that nano-scale pores have no binary pore-throat structure, and are dominated by throats, with a pore/throat ratio of 1. In this region, the ball-and-stick model is inapplicable, while a capillary tube model is more suitable. The ball-and-stick model and capillary tube model can be combined to fully simulate reservoir pore networks. The poorer the reservoir physical properties, the more applicable the capillary tube model for pore network simulation.

Key words: reservoir, pore network, ball-and-stick model, capillary tube model, applicability, CRMI curve, configuration, hierarchical pore-throat structure

中图分类号:

TE122.23

代金友, 雷禧桢, 沈小述, 师洋阳, 周晓峰, 张立娟. 储集层孔喉网络模拟中球棍模型适用性探讨[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2025, 46(5): 630-636.

DAI Jinyou, LEI Xizhen, SHEN Xiaoshu, SHI Yangyang, ZHOU Xiaofeng, ZHANG Lijuan. Applicability of Ball-and-Stick Model in Reservoir Pore Network Simulation[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2025, 46(5): 630-636.

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样品编号	井名	深度/m	孔隙度/ %	渗透率/ mD	平均喉道半径/μm	平均孔隙半径/μm	平均孔喉半径比	孔隙最大进汞饱和度/%	孔道最大进汞饱和度/%	喉道最大进汞饱和度/%
1	西104井	2 161.1	14.20	1.220	1.25	125.90	153.30	70.29	39.63	30.66
2	西105井	2 156.0	12.27	0.828	0.98	128.40	180.63	60.78	37.20	23.58
3	西263井	2 136.6	9.77	0.331	0.29	140.68	534.66	46.11	28.66	17.44

样品编号	构型区	进汞压力界限/MPa	孔隙最大进汞饱和度/%	小孔占比/%	孔道最大进汞饱和度/%	喉道最大进汞饱和度/%
1	A	4.0	63.28	36.72	39.63	23.65
1	B	4.0	100	36.72	39.63	60.37
2	A	4.6	56.13	43.87	37.20	18.93
2	B	4.6	100	43.87	37.20	62.80
3	A	5.2	43.17	56.83	28.66	14.51
3	B	5.2	100	56.83	28.66	71.34

样品编号	大孔最大进汞饱和度/%	大孔采收率分量/%	小孔采收率分量/%	小孔与大孔采收率分量比
1	63.28	45.9	10.5	0.229
2	56.13	35.8	20.6	0.575
3	43.17	17.5	38.9	2.223

井名	孔隙度/ %	空气渗透率/mD	束缚水饱和度/%	残余油饱和度/%	含水率为95%		含水率为98%		含水率为100%
井名	孔隙度/ %	空气渗透率/mD	束缚水饱和度/%	残余油饱和度/%	驱油效率/%	注入倍数/PV	驱油效率/%	注入倍数/PV	驱油效率/%	注入倍数/PV
西105井	11.8	1.13	29.3	35.9	24.3	0.88	35.2	2.44	49.2	16.6
西105井	11.5	0.72	32.5	32.5	30.6	1.27	40.9	2.49	51.8	22.4
西119井	14.8	1.56	27.6	29.1	30.3	2.58	44.4	5.10	59.8	18.6
西119井	14.6	1.37	27.8	25.5	30.5	2.24	49.3	4.85	64.7	25.3