准噶尔盆地西部隆起现今地温场分布及地热资源评价

doi:10.7657/XJPG20260110

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地热资源作为清洁稳定的非碳基能源，对中国实现“双碳”目标具有重要意义，准噶尔盆地的地热研究较为薄弱。以准噶尔盆地西部隆起为研究区，开展现今地温场分布与地热资源评价，利用11口井的高质量连续测温数据，分析了地温梯度与大地热流分布特征，并利用一维稳态热传导方程，揭示了5 000 m以浅地层温度的平面分布规律，在此基础上，评价了石炭系及以上7套热储的地热资源量。结果表明：西部隆起平均地温梯度为（21.3±3.0）℃/km，平均大地热流为（43.9±6.9）mW/m²；中拐凸起为相对高热异常区，平均地温梯度为（23.3±2.8）℃/km，平均大地热流为（47.9±5.8）mW/m²；西部隆起埋深4 000 m处地层温度为78.0~122.9 ℃，中拐凸起平均地层温度为100.7 ℃，显示了良好的地热资源潜力；西部隆起地热资源量为411.24 EJ，二叠系地热资源量最大为132.61 EJ，石炭系次之，为121.52 EJ；白垩系流体资源量最高，为19.58 EJ。研究结果可为西部隆起地热开发利用提供关键参数，也可为准噶尔盆地其他区域地热评价提供参考。

关键词: 准噶尔盆地, 西部隆起, 现今地温场, 大地热流, 热导率, 地热资源

Abstract:

Geothermal resources, as clean and stable non-carbon-based energy sources, are of great significance for China to achieve its “Dual Carbon” goals. The geothermal resources in the Junggar Basin have been insufficiently studied. This paper discusses the distribution of present geothermal field and performs the evaluation of geothermal resources in the western uplift of the Junggar Basin. Based on the high-quality, continuous temperature measurement data from 11 wells, the distribution characteristics of geothermal gradient and terrestrial heat flow were analyzed. Using the one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction equation, the planar distribution of temperature in the strata shallower than 5 000 m was revealed. On this basis, the geothermal resources of 7 sets of geothermal reservoirs (including the Carboniferous and above systems) were evaluated. The results show that, in the western uplift of the Junggar Basin, the average geothermal gradient is (21.3±3.0) ℃/km, and the average terrestrial heat flow is (43.9±6.9) mW/m². In the Zhongguai bulge, a relatively high-temperature anomaly area, the average geothermal gradient is (23.3±2.8) ℃/km, and the average terrestrial heat flow is (47.9±5.8) mW/m². The formation temperature at a depth of 4 000 m ranges from 78.0 ℃ to 122.9 ℃ in the western uplift, with an average of 100.7 ℃ in the Zhongguai bulge, indicating a good geothermal potential. The geothermal resources are estimated to be 411.24 EJ in the study area, with the largest quantity (132.61 EJ) endowed in the Permian, followed by the Carboniferous (121.52 EJ). The largest fluid resources are registered by the Cretaceous, reaching 19.58 EJ. This study provides key parameters for the development and utilization of geothermal resources in the western uplift and also offers a methodological reference for geothermal evaluation in other areas of the Junggar Basin.

Key words: Junggar Basin, western uplift, present geothermal field, terrestrial heat flow, thermal conductivity, geothermal resource

中图分类号:

P314

芦慧, 汪飞, 张译丹, 汪俊伟, 张金龙, 陈磊, 肖贝, 杨皝, 李臣. 准噶尔盆地西部隆起现今地温场分布及地热资源评价[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2026, 47(1): 92-102.

LU Hui, WANG Fei, ZHANG Yidan, WANG Junwei, ZHANG Jinlong, CHEN Lei, XIAO Bei, YANG Huang, LI Chen. Distribution of Present Geothermal Field and Evaluation of Geothermal Resources in the Western Uplift of the Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2026, 47(1): 92-102.

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井名	测温区间/ m	静井时间/ d	拟合系数	地温梯度/ （℃·km^-1）	岩石热导率/ （W·m^-1·K^-1）	大地热流/ （mW·m^-2）
JL2002井	300~4 230	18	0.999	21.7	2.11	45.6
白251井	100~2 700	26	0.999	22.8	2.18	49.6
百512井	100~1 230	12	0.994	20.3	2.04	41.3
车探1井	100~3 750	10	1.000	19.1	2.10	40.2
红832井	200~2 400	17	0.999	23.5	2.12	49.7
金209井	300~4 100	20	0.999	21.8	2.08	45.4
金龙108井	100~3 120	23	0.999	23.9	2.06	49.4
金龙11井	0~3 030	26	0.996	27.2	2.06	56.2
金龙20井	510~3 270	20	0.999	22.9	2.20	50.3
克016井	100~3 000	5	0.999	25.1	2.12	53.3
克88井	500~3 000	16	0.999	22.8	2.24	51.1

热储	深度/m	热储面积/km²	热储厚度/m	地层温度/℃	孔隙度/%
新近系+第四系	19.3~141.2	4 756.88	38.7~282.3	18.0~20.8	0.10~39.67
古近系	6.4~2 197.8	4 837.92	12.8~52.5	18.1~61.1	0.10~33.22
白垩系	125.6~2 625.7	6 138.24	68.0~195.0	20.4~69.5	0.10~39.87
侏罗系	592.5~3 642.1	4 490.84	33.8~141.4	29.2~89.4	0.06~39.96
三叠系	1 277.4~4 247.0	3 515.76	88.1~110.4	42.1~101.2	0.03~36.69
二叠系	2 207.4~5 065.1	2 652.36	32.8~437.7	59.7~117.3	0.02~30.19
石炭系	3 308.6~7 979.5	8 796.12	50.0	76.6~174.4	0.05~32.80

热储	岩石资源量	流体资源量	地热资源量
新近系+第四系	3.94	1.88	5.82
古近系	10.75	3.73	14.48
白垩系	35.50	19.58	55.08
侏罗系	30.84	9.25	40.09
三叠系	35.58	6.06	41.64
二叠系	115.72	16.89	132.61
石炭系	106.67	14.85	121.52
合计	339.00	72.24	411.24