黔东北铜仁地区牛蹄塘组烃源岩成熟度评价

doi:10.7657/XJPG20230503

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为确定贵州黔东北铜仁地区寒武系牛蹄塘组页岩气勘探潜力，在X射线衍射实验基础上，采用沥青反射率法、伊利石结晶度法和激光拉曼光谱法，对黔铜地1井牛蹄塘组—变马冲组页岩进行成熟度测试。结果表明：黔铜地1井牛蹄塘组—变马冲组页岩缺乏镜质体，难以采用常规镜质体反射率对其成熟度进行评价；受沥青复杂成因及非均质性影响，采用沥青反射率法对页岩评价的效果欠佳；伊利石结晶度法只能给出大致范围，同时受黏土矿物影响，其误差也较大；激光拉曼光谱法受非均质性影响较小，且具有制样简单、无损检测等优势，是较为理想的测试手段；研究区牛蹄塘组黑色页岩等效镜质体反射率为3.41%~3.50%，属过成熟阶段晚期。

关键词: 黔东北, 铜仁地区, 寒武系, 牛蹄塘组, 烃源岩, 成熟度, 高成熟, 激光拉曼光谱

Abstract:

To determine the exploration potential of the shale gas in the Cambrian Niutitang formation in the Tongren area, northeast Guizhou, on the basis of X-ray diffraction experiments, the maturity of the shale of Niutitang formation-Bianmachong formation from Well QTD-1 was tested by using methods of bitumen reflectance, illite crystallinity and laser Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the shale of Niutitang formation-Bianmachong formation lacks vitrinite, making its maturity difficult to be evaluated using conventional vitrinite reflectance. The shale is not evaluated satisfactorily by using the reflectance of bitumen, due to its complex genesis and the impact of bitumen heterogeneity. The illite crystallinity method can only provide a rough range of maturity, with relatively large error due to the presence of clay minerals. In contrast, the laser Raman spectroscopy method is less affected by heterogeneity and has advantages such as simple sample preparation and non-destructive testing, which proves to be a more ideal testing approach. The equivalent vitrinite reflectance of the black shale of Niutitang formation in the study area ranges from 3.41% to 3.50%, indicating a late overmature stage.

Key words: northeast Guizhou, Tongren area, Cambrian, Niutitang formation, source rock, maturity, high-mature, laser Raman spectroscopy

中图分类号:

TE122.113

刘奎勇, 吴滔, 卢树藩, 盘应娟, 安亚运. 黔东北铜仁地区牛蹄塘组烃源岩成熟度评价[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(5): 528-534.

LIU Kuiyong, WU Tao, LU Shufan, PAN Yingjuan, AN Yayun. Maturity Evaluation of Niutitang Formation Source Rocks in Tongren Area，Northeast Guizhou[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(5): 528-534.

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样品编号	层位	深度/m	伊利石半高宽/A	绿泥石半高宽/A	伊利石结晶度	绿泥石结晶度	等效镜质体反射率/%	成岩演化阶段	备注
QTD-22	变马冲组	789.4	10.01	7.08	0.21	0.23	>6.5	浅变质	绿泥石影响，衍射峰呈山字形
QTD-29	变马冲组	830.1	10.06	7.10	0.24	0.24	>6.5	浅变质
QTD-37	变马冲组	845.0	10.01	7.09	0.22	0.21	>6.5	浅变质
QTD-41	牛蹄塘组	884.0	10.02	7.10	0.31	0.22	3.0~6.5	极低变质
QTD-45	牛蹄塘组	893.8	10.00	7.08	0.29	0.21	3.0~6.5	极低变质
QTD-58	牛蹄塘组	913.5	10.06	0	0.32	0	3.0~6.5	极低变质	向上伊利石结晶度增加，热演化减弱，与地层沉积埋藏压实过程相符
QTD-63	牛蹄塘组	921.0	10.03	0	0.34	0	3.0~6.5	极低变质
QTD-64	牛蹄塘组	921.4	10.07	0	0.37	0	3.0~6.5	极低变质
QTD-72	牛蹄塘组	930.0	10.06	0	0.32	0	3.0~6.5	极低变质
QTD-75	牛蹄塘组	931.8	10.03	0	0.25	0	3.0~6.5	极低变质
QTD-82	陡山沱组	973.5	10.02	0	0.32	0	3.0~6.5	极低变质	向上伊利石结晶度减少，热演化增加，与正常沉积埋藏不符
QTD-84	陡山沱组	975.0	10.06	0	0.33	0	3.0~6.5	极低变质
QTD-86	陡山沱组	982.5	10.02	0	0.34	0	3.0~6.5	极低变质