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01 December 2007, Volume 28 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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New Thoughts for Further Petroleum Exploration in Junggar Basin LIN Long-dong 2007, 28 (6):  661-667.  Abstract ( 77 )   PDF (416KB) ( 271 )   Save This article proposes the queries on traditional organic source sag theory and new geological interpretation on three major petroleum-enriched belts in Junggar basin, suggesting that these belts are resulted from inter-existence and interaction among the specific deep crust structures in this petroliferous basin such as upper mantle upwarp, low-velocity high conductivity strata in middle-lower or middle-upper crust, crust-mantle fault mainly developed near south-north direction and the sedimentary cap rocks over them. Meanwhile, this article proposes novel thought and measures completely different from the old or traditional organic source sag theory for further exploration in Junggar basin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Conditions and Status for Forming and Exploring Gas Hydrate YAO Yong-jian, HUANG Yong-xiang, WU Neng-you, ZHANG Guang-xue, HE Jia-xiong 2007, 28 (6):  668-672.  Abstract ( 147 )   PDF (495KB) ( 234 )   Save Gas hydrate or combustible ice, as new-type hydrocarbon resource in the special areas, is an ice-like white crystal solid formed by water and natural gas (methane) compound under a certain condition of temperature and pressure, which is buried in shallow depositional strata of deep sea continental slope and rise, characterized by cleanness, high density of energy, broad distribution, large scale, shallow burying and good physicochemical conditions for accumulation. In the continental slope and rise areas of South China Sea with structural features of passive margin distribute a great number of petroliferous sedimentary basins. Since Late Miocene, these basins have undergone persistent regional subsidence with calm tectonic movement, high sedimentary speed, abundant marine organic sediments. All these provide the favorable geologic and deposit-forming conditions such as source, temperature, pressure and structure for shaping the gas hydrate. Since 1999, nine-year gas hydrate survey has been made in such four sea areas as Dongsha, Shenhu, Xisha and Qiongdongnan in the northern South China Sea by Guangzhou Marine Geologic Survey, and eighteen numbers of aerial surveys and researches have been completed. And many seismic markers or pseudo-submarine reflectors (PSR), geological markers and geochemical markers have been found in succession. Finally, the sample of gas hydrate is successfully obtained by drilling in May 2007. China becomes the fourth country that has obtained real gas hydrate samples after America, Japan and India. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Approach to Sedimentary Environment of Late Carboniferous-Permian in Junggar basin ZHANG Yi-jie, QI Xue-feng, CHENG Xian-sheng, LUO Zheng-jiang 2007, 28 (6):  673-675.  Abstract ( 139 )   PDF (186KB) ( 407 )   Save According to fossil, sedimentation, microelement, featured mineral and clay mineral characteristics, an approach is conducted to the sedimentary environments including Late Carboniferous of northeastern margin, Early, Middle and Late Permian of northwestern and southern margins and eastern part of Junggar basin. It is suggested that the sedimentary environments of Fengcheng formation of Early Permain in northwestern margin, Lucaogou formation of Middle Permian in southern margin and Member-3 and Member-4 of Pingdiquan formation of Middle Permian in northeastern margin of Junggar basin could be bordtrland coastal lacustrine ones. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Characteristic of Source Rocks and Mesozoic in Continental Slope Area of Northeastern the South China Sea and East Guangdong of China ZHONG Guang-jian, YI Hai, LIN Zhen, JIN Hua-feng, LIU Zhen-hu 2007, 28 (6):  676-680.  Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (256KB) ( 286 )   Save This studied area is one of three marine facies sedimentary areas of Jurassic in China and belongs to one embranchment of Tethys. Xiaoshui formation of Genkou group and Shanglongshui formation and Jishuimen formation of Lantang group are dominated by bathyal black shale over 4,000 m in thickness, belonging to good source rock.. During Middle-Late Jurassic, for the Yanshanian movement became stronger gradually, South China block uplifted gradually and sea-water retreated toward south-east direction. The Middle Jurassic in eastern Guangdong is dominated by lake-facies, Tangxia formation of it is thick deep-water lake-facies mud, being a good source rock with local distribution. In Chaoshan depression, the Middle-Late Jurassic is still in shallow-sea environment and becomes bathyal environment toward Taixinan basin, where the continental slope area is characterized by good marine source rock. In Cretaceous, there exist a string of bead-like lake basins along Lianhuashan and Heyuan deep faults, dominated by the sediments of river facies and lake facies intercalated with volcanoclastic sedimentary rock. Because of strong activity of the third episode of Yanshanian movement, Chaoshan depression and Taixinan basin are all uplifted, when the Cretaceous in Chaoshan depression assumed river and lake facies sediments, while Taixinan basin was still in marginal sea developed with continental-oceanic interaction environment sediments. So, dood marine source rock could only be found in Taixinan basin. It is believed that the Jurassic marine sediments in continental slope area of northeastern South China Sea possess greater potentials of hydrocarbon generation and oil Resources, and should be one of new domains to be explored and developed in future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Depositional Characteristics of Upper Ordovician Platform Margin Reefs in Wellblock TZ16-44, Tarim Basin WANG Zheng-yu, YAN Wei, ZHANG Yun-feng, SUN Chong-hao, YANG Hai-jun, SUN Li-xia, LI Xin-sheng, JI Yun-gang 2007, 28 (6):  681-683.  Abstract ( 85 )   PDF (254KB) ( 268 )   Save Wellblock TZ16-44 is located in the carbonate platform margin in deposition period of Lianglitage formation of Late Ordovician in Tarim basin, which is characterized by such intrafacies as grain bank, reef mound, lime-mud mound and, interbank sea. The reef bank complex composed of different sedimentary microfacies, becomes major depositional types in this area. The study shows that the reefs inside this area distribute in groups or belts along the platform margin, and moderate-low energy psammitic banks are located in the inner side of the reef body. The reefs, the bioclastic banks and the biological psammitic-psephitic banks that are associated in form of upper and lower combination with them are premium reservoir facies, while the moderate-low energy psammitic banks seperately developed in the backreefs are hard to form favorable reservoir facies. So, the bioclastic banks and the biological psammiticpsephitic banks should be important targets for petroleum exploration in this area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Karst System and Reservoir Characteristics of Yingmai-32 Buried-Hill Area in Western Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin REN Kang-xu, ZHANG Ya-guang, ZHENG Duo-ming, HAN Li-jun, ZHAO Feng-yun, WANG Chao 2007, 28 (6):  684-686.  Abstract ( 71 )   PDF (399KB) ( 208 )   Save Based on systemic study of karst development mechanism of Yingmai-32 buried-hill area in western Tabei uplift, the karst development model is developed, which can be divided into two cycles in vertical, including five superficial karst belts such as upper flow belt, upper groundwater flow belt, lower flow belt, lower groundwater flow belt and the deep tranquil flow belt. The superficial karst belt has a mean thickness about 24.5 m above the dolomite buried-hill area, but it becomes thinner in the limestone buried-hill area. Horizontally, the most developmental region of superficial karst belt is distributed along the top area of the Upper Cambrian dolomite buried-hill, controlled by lithofacies belt and ancient relief. It is concluded that the karst system is intimately related with the buried-hill reservoir. The distributed configuration of top buried hill reservoir is controlled by the assemblage of mudstone cap rock of Cretaceous Kapushaliang group, the superficial karst belt and the upper flow belt. Under the condition of cutting off by the relative tight upper flow belt, oil and gas migrate mainly along the netty crack-cavity system in the superficial karst belt. In the process of migration, they accumulate into the paleohigh of the buried-hill and form a karst quasi-layered reservoir. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Sedimentary Microfacies of Braided Delta-Coastal Shallow Lake and Its Control on Hydrocarbon Distribution in Anan Oilfield, Erlian Basin SHAO Xian-jie 2007, 28 (6):  687-690.  Abstract ( 112 )   PDF (218KB) ( 174 )   Save The sedimentary setting and environmental mark study shows that there exist multi-zone coal measures with vertical plant root fossils as well as mud-cracked structure. The seismic facies study indicates that the developed structures include prograding configuration, rhythm-inverted distributary mouth bar on braided delta front and turbidite in bathyal lake mud, belonging to typical braided delta system. Based on the study of lithofacies, log facies and seismic facies, Aershan and Tengger formations can be divided into nine microfacies. In terms of the oil abundance, from high to low, these microfacies are successively beach sand, distributary mouth bar, sand sheet, turbidite, submerged branch channel, distal bar and underwater splay sand. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Differences Between Two Oil-Enriched Sags and Their Exploration Prospects in Jiuquan Basin HAN Yong-ke, HU Ying, WANG Chong-xiao, YANG Zhi-ming 2007, 28 (6):  691-693.  Abstract ( 123 )   PDF (209KB) ( 262 )   Save Qingxi sag and Ying'er sag are the two oil-enriched sags in Jiuquan basin with large potentials for exploration. Composite geological condition analysis shows they are of similarity and obvious differences, characterized by same Early Cretaceous fault depression, same hydrocarbon accumulation in late period and different modifications and deformations in Cenozoic, which determine their explorative domains and targets along with their thoughts and deployments for exploration should be somewhat different. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Hydrocarbon Enrichment of Kumtak Swell in Tuha Basin ZHANG Jin-xue, DENG Yong, SUO Xiao-dong, ZHANG Xu-feng 2007, 28 (6):  694-696.  Abstract ( 75 )   PDF (450KB) ( 158 )   Save Kumtak swell is one of the five large swells of pre-Jurassic in Turpan depression of Tuha basin. Up to now, it is believed to be the most hydrocarbon-enriched ancient swell among the five swells. But it is unclear that the conditions and rules of hydrocarbon's generation and reservation as well as its exploration target, which restrict its hydrocarbon exploration progress. The past-year experiences show that continuously developed ancient swell controls not only distributions of source rocks and reservoir facies belt, but also the direction of hydrocarbon migration. The research shows that hydrocarbon accumulation pattern of pre-Jurassic is the structuralstratigraphic reservoirs with source bed in lower formations and reservoir bed in upper formations under the settings of lateral migrated sandstone and denudated stratigraphic traps, and that of Jurassic is the structural-lithologic reservoirs with the same way under the settings of lateral migration of unconformity and overlying stratigraphic traps. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Piggyback Configuration of Cenozoic in Jiuxi Basin ZHOU Xiao-feng, HE Shun-li, ZHAO Quan-guo, ZHANG Xiao-long 2007, 28 (6):  697-699.  Abstract ( 102 )   PDF (115KB) ( 231 )   Save This paper probes into the characteristics of the Cenozoic Jiuxi basin from its present tectonic stress field, decollement surface, kinematic feature, sedimentary structure and structural model. It is suggested that the Cenozoic Jiuxi basin is piggyback basin on the north Qilian nappe, where the structural and sedimentary features are all controlled by the thrusting intensity of the north Qilian nappe. Also, this paper makes a brief analysis of the relationship between such a basin and hydrocarbon accumulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Factors of Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Jurassic-Cretaceous in Block-3 of Central Junggar Basin YUAN Hai-feng, XU Guo-sheng, DONG Chen-qiang, WANG Jun, LIAO Feng 2007, 28 (6):  700-703.  Abstract ( 90 )   PDF (448KB) ( 200 )   Save The hydrocarbon accumulation of Jurassic and Cretaceous in Block-3 of central Junggar basin is mainly controlled by source rock, sedimentary facies, palaeo-uplift, abnormal pressure, fault and unconformity. The multi-phase hydrocarbon generations of multisource rocks offer rich material base. The development of premium reservoir rocks within the favorable sedimentary facies belt provides spaces for hydrocarbon accumulation. The abnormal high pressure and lithology could serve as sealing process, preventing from hydrocarbon diffusion. Paleo-uplift controls the formation and development of traps. Early formed faults link with source rocks and reservoir sands, and late formed fault-unconformity assemblage can serve as dimensional and reticulate pathway of fluid migration. All these factors allow the hydrocarbon accumulation to be formed here. Base on these characteristics, the accumulation stage is determined, and the accumulation model is established. The accumulation characteristics can be summarized as "multi-stage hydrocarbon generation, mixed source charge, fault-unconformity conduction, and ultimate reservoir formation by rebuilding at late period". References | Related Articles | Metrics

Structural Evolution and Structural Framework since Pliocene in Southeast Tarim Basin WANG Bu-qing, PAN Zheng-zhong, GUO Qun-ying, LUO Jun-cheng, PU Zhen-shan 2007, 28 (6):  704-706.  Abstract ( 67 )   PDF (354KB) ( 239 )   Save Through the analyses of seismic, non-seismic and field geologic investigated data, based on the structural deformation and sedimentary characteristics, this paper divided the southeast Tarim basin into three parts from west to east since Pliocene: Minfeng sag (compression-shear basin), Qiemo swell (Palaeogene formation overlying Proterozoic metamorphic rock with unconformity) and Washisha sag (foreland basin related strike-slip fault). It is considered that southeast Tarim basin has experienced several structural evolution stages: marginal sea in late Paleozoic, fault depression-depression from Jurassic to early Cretaceous, depression from Palaeogene to Miocene, compression-shear basin of Minfeng sag and foreland basin of Washisha sag from Pliocene to now. Different stress mechanisms and stress strengths resulted in the structural deformation characteristics of different segments in E-W direction since Pliocene. In the piedmont belt of Washixia sag developed thrust nappe which leaded to incrassation of Jurassic source rocks, being favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation in this area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Structural Characteristics in Kuihuadao Oilfield, Liaohe Basin WANG Yong-jian, WANG Yan-bin, LIU Guo-feng, ZHENG Ya-bin 2007, 28 (6):  707-709.  Abstract ( 111 )   PDF (340KB) ( 202 )   Save The systematic analysis of structures in Kuihuadao oilfield in eastern Liaohe basin shows that the faulting fractures in studied area are characterized by multi-stage activities. The structural types are dominated by extension and strike-slip, and Yannan fault is a key controlling fault. The faults are formed in the late depositional stage of Shahejie formation, and active in depositional stage of Dongying-2 member and gradually weaken in late Dongying depositional stage. Therefore, the oil-gas distribution in this area is controlled by the structures. The hydrocarbon enriched areas could be in the high of anticline and near the early and long-term developed faults liked with oil source. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study and Evaluation of Fault Sealing in Yancheng Sag MA Hong, LIU Guang-di, ZHAN Ning, ZHU Li-lin, SHI Jin-hua 2007, 28 (6):  710-713.  Abstract ( 94 )   PDF (639KB) ( 159 )   Save Yancheng sag is characterized by developed faults, which has influenced the fault sealing evaluation. According to previous studies, integrated with real geologic conditions, Pan-1 and Yan-3 faults are taken as typical faults to develop the criterion for fault lateral sealing evaluation. Using the mud smear coefficient, the criterion is given by 1.26. According to the sustain maximum normal pressure of mud plastic distortion and cracking, the effective normal pressure of fault vertical sealing ranges from 10 MPa to 22 MPa. The study shows that the sealing of fault penetrating into the basement (Member Fu-1) in Yancheng sag is characterized by regions: the south area is better, the north area is worse, such a varied feature is accordant with the real geologic situation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Structure and Evolution of Cenozoic in Dongpu Sag ZHANG Ke-xin, QI Jia-fu, ZHAO Yan-bin, CHEN Shu-ping 2007, 28 (6):  714-717.  Abstract ( 138 )   PDF (392KB) ( 237 )   Save The structural characteristics in different areas in Dongpu sag are presented. The evolutional process of Dongpu sag is studied with balanced cross section method and divided into rift stage of Paleogene and depression stage since Neogene. Based on the characteristics of fault activity of Paleogene, it is divided into four evaluating phases such as the original rift phase (corresponding to Member-4 of Shahejie formation), the major rift phase (Member-3 of it), the inheriting and developing phase (Member-2 to Member-1) and the rift subducting phase (Dongying formation), of which the Member-3 of Shahejie formation is the period of the most important structural shaping for Dongpu sag, forming the structural framework of blocks in south-north direction and zones in east-west direction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Effect of Uranium Substance on Hydrocarbon Generation from Lignite by Hydrous Pyrolysis LU Hong-xuan, MENG Zi-fang, LI Bin, LI Xiang-bo, ZHENG Min 2007, 28 (6):  718-720.  Abstract ( 88 )   PDF (142KB) ( 235 )   Save Organic-inorganic interaction is ubiquitous and unalterable fact in sedimentary basin. In this paper, the effect of uranium substance on the lignite pyrogenation was studied by hydrous pyrolysis. The result showed that an increase of gas yields and a decrease of chloroform bitumen "A" were observed by addition of uranium substance. Further investigations showed that the content of carbon dioxide increased, while the content of methane decreased, and carbon monoxide was one of the metastable intermediates during the hydrous pyrolysis. At the same time the mΣnC21- /mΣnC22+ ratio increased for the high molecular weight hydrocarbons as degraded for the uranium substance and the OEP value decreased, which accelerated the maturity of lignite in a certain extent. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Fault Transport System and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Pattern in Chengbei Fault-Ramp Area GAO Chang-hai, ZHA Ming, ZHANG Xin-zheng 2007, 28 (6):  721-724.  Abstract ( 97 )   PDF (270KB) ( 211 )   Save The faulting systems and their distribution characteristics in Chengbei fault-ramp area are described. The sealing and the transport properties of the faults and their influencing factors as well as the control effects on petroleum distribution of the studied area are analyzed. Three transport patterns of vertical, lateral and stepped faults are put forward. Three different reservoir-forming patterns and their characteristics formed by the different fault translocations in this area are reviewed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Geologic Feature of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Yongdeng Sag of Minhe Basin WANG Bo, WU Chao, HE Yan-qing, WAN Jian-ying 2007, 28 (6):  725-727.  Abstract ( 373 )   PDF (197KB) ( 201 )   Save The main explorative targets in Minhe basin include Bazhou sag and Yongdeng sag. Yongdeng sag's exploration degree is lower, which is main body of deposition and hydrocarbon source in this area. Through a series of researches on the evolution of basin structure, field outcrop, the seismic interpretation, the analysis and correlation of geological information from Bazhou sag, it is indicated that Yongdeng sag, since the Middle Yanshanian movement, has been in structural high and province of low paleogeothermal field for a long time. Because of its shallow burial target zone, broad developed coastal shallow lake facies, fan delta sand and beach bar sand reservoirs, its physical property is comparatively better, belonging to mid-porosity and mid-low permeability type of reservoir with faulted anticline and anticline traps as well as structural-stratigraphic traps in slop belt area of the easterm Yongdeng sag. The study also shows that the preserved conditions of the traps are good, possessing long-term ability to capture oil and gas due to weak reconstruction to the traps by Himalayan movement and developed faults linked with source rock. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Strange Phase Phenomena in PVT Cells LI Chuan-liang 2007, 28 (6):  728-730.  Abstract ( 95 )   PDF (119KB) ( 167 )   Save Some strange phase phenomena were observed in PVT cells on the micro-scale. The degassing process of oil shows that gas gets into gas phase in bubbles other than the molecules. And the bubbles evolve at the bottom of cells. The de-oiling process of gas shows that oil gets into oil phase in dews other than the molecules. And the dews evolve at the top of cells. All the phenomena are related to solution capability of oil and gas with each other, and also to the roughness of cell surface. The micro strange phase phenomena of oil and gas due to existence of skin are called the skin effect of fluids. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Experiment of Bacter ia Filtration and Oil-Displacing Efficiency by MEOR Process in Karamay Field DAI Xue-cheng, ZHANG Ting-hui, YANG Zhao-hui, YANG Xiao-hong, FU Guang-hui, CHEN Quan-sheng 2007, 28 (6):  731-732.  Abstract ( 107 )   PDF (70KB) ( 194 )   Save In view of the candidate reservoir geological conditions in pilot area of Karamay field, several bacteria species are screened from MEOR lab for hydrocarbon degradation, which have properties of producing the acids and the bio-surfactant, etc. The reservoir geological conditions in pilot area are simulated and the experiment for lab microbiological oil displacement is made, in order to detect the oil-displacing efficiency for such bacteria species in function, injection period and plug concentration, and their effect on the efficiency in different fermentation time as well as the relationship between gas volume produced by the bacteria species and corresponding oil-displacing efficiency. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of Water Cut-Recovery Percent Ratio to Evaluation of Oilfield Development Efficiency by Water Flooding Process WANG Guo-xian, LI Wen-bo, WANG Jin-di, ZHANG Shao-peng, WANG Hui-qing, ZHANG Yue-zhong 2007, 28 (6):  733-735.  Abstract ( 90 )   PDF (144KB) ( 189 )   Save The instantaneous water cut-recovery percent ratio and water cut-recoverable percent ratio are proposed. The new parameters refer to the ratio of anytime composite water cut to corresponding recovery percent or recoverable percent, which can be used to evaluate efficiency of oilfield development by water flooding process, sutable for different types of reservoirs or different stages of the same reservoir. In particular, during mid-late period of oilfield development, such parameters tend to being constant, providing comprehensive and real evaluation of ultimate water flooding efficiency. Also, using these parameters can not only reflect inherent characteristic of reservoir rock and fluid in an oilfield, but also the levels of development technology and policy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A New Method for Determination of Reserves Controlled by Single Well LUO Yin-fu, MA Zhong-liang, XIAO Yang 2007, 28 (6):  736-737.  Abstract ( 94 )   PDF (101KB) ( 177 )   Save This paper presents a new method for determination of reserves controlled by single well in unsaturated oil reservoir. From pseudo steady state percolation equation, single well-controlled reserves can be determined easily through simple derivation of the method. With this method, shut-in pressure is unnecessary. Only dynamic data such as stage daily production and cumulative production and initial reservoir pressure and bottom-hole pressure are required. Through linear regression and extrapolation, single well-controlled reserves are attained. The case study shows that the reserves determined by this method are well close to the static single well reserves. Therefore, this method is simple, applicable, accurate and reliable. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Determining Theoretic Water Cut with Improved Sweep Efficiency Modification Method WU Yong, DU Zhi-min, CAI Xing-li, ZENG Jian, DENG Yuan-zhou, DENG Sheng-hui 2007, 28 (6):  738-740.  Abstract ( 93 )   PDF (406KB) ( 198 )   Save The relative permeability curves obtained by core testing is not representative in case of serious heterogeneity of reservoir, which tends to big error in the theoretic water cut curves of oil reservoir obtained by sweep efficiency modification method. This paper presents an improved method for substituting relative permeability curve obtained by core testing, in which the relative permeability parameter is given by dynamic data. The results show that the theoretic water cut curves obtained by this improved method is more proper to reflect the actual performance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Modification of Water-Drive Characteristic Curve to Calibrate Recoverable Reserve XU Jun, GAO Wen-jun, YANG Wen-zhan 2007, 28 (6):  741-744.  Abstract ( 81 )   PDF (323KB) ( 241 )   Save Based on the study of existing water drive characteristic curves, 4 types of water drive characteristic curves are screened out, which accord with three main characteristics. The first can be used to describe different forms of water cut curves and recovery percent with wide adaptability and without viscosity and reservoir type limitation; the second is to resolve the fault of existing general (ideal) water-drive characteristic curves which can not describe the correlation between water cut and recovery percent in the period of water free production; the third is relative simple for solution. The case study shows that it is of good effect and worthy of reference and popularization for other oilfields. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Parameter Selection by Artificial Earthquake Stimulation Method WANG Ren-hu, MA Xun-yuan, HE Zhi-jun 2007, 28 (6):  745-746.  Abstract ( 79 )   PDF (89KB) ( 159 )   Save Artificial earthquake stimulation is one of EOR methods. Using this method may allow reservoir fluid viscosity to be decreased, oil layer permeability to be increased, residual oil saturation to be lowered, thus the oil production to be rise. It is showed that only the vibration operation parameters that fit with the geologic feature in operation district are selected, can the best stimulation efficiency be obtained. The method for parameter selection of artificial earthquake stimulation is presented in this paper. And the applied effects to Karamay oilfield are obviously good. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Generalized Model for Prediction of Solution Gas Reserves DING Liang-cheng 2007, 28 (6):  747-748.  Abstract ( 90 )   PDF (89KB) ( 173 )   Save The reservoirs with different displacement processes have different characteristics of producing gas-oil ratio. In this paper, a generalized model is established based on the characteristics of producing gas-oil ratio. It is demonstrated that the relation between cumulative oil and cumulative gas oil ratio and the relation between cumulative oil and cumulative gas can be obtained from a simplification by this prediction model. Compared with the two methods, the generalized model in this paper is more adaptable or applicable. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Study on Profile Modification by Polymer Microsphere Injection ZHANG Zeng-li, LEI Guang-lun, LIU Zhao-nian, XU Hui, WANG Xia 2007, 28 (6):  749-751.  Abstract ( 125 )   PDF (191KB) ( 334 )   Save The polymer elastic microsphere of sub-micron grade is characterized by improving the waterflood sweep efficiency through its migration in pores, blocking-up leakage layer and changing injected water direction in reservoirs. This paper presents such a polymer features in water injection profile modification and its taking water and expanding properties in different salinities and temperatures as well as the blocking-up effects in sand-packed pipe. The lab study shows that the higher the temperature, the lower the salinity, the larger the times of polymer microsphere expansion. Also, injecting the polymer microspheres can distinctly improve the coefficient of resistance, that is, the higher the concentration of polymer microsphere, the bigger the injection rate of it, the higher the injection pressure. For the succeeding water injection stage, the higher residual coefficient of resistance could be remained by means of this process. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Tomographic Inversion of First Arrival Refraction in Fresnel Zone with Near-Surface Velocity ZHU Sheng-wang 2007, 28 (6):  752-755.  Abstract ( 77 )   PDF (232KB) ( 162 )   Save The tomographic inversion of near-surface velocities is one of effective approaches to improve the accuracy of static correction in surface-complicated area. Based on the basic principle of tomographic inversion, a method for layer-by-layer extension with travel time linear interpolation is introduced in ray tracing, which helps to get more accurate ray-paths. Instead of using conventional mathematical ray-path, the conception of Fresnel zone is used to establish the inversion equations, which enhances the resistance to the error originated from first-break picking. The advantage of the method is proved both by theoretical calculation and real application. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Waveform Analysis Technique and Fissure-Cavity Reservoir Prediction in Tahe Oilfield XU Jie, ZHAO Yong-qing, YANG Zi-chuan 2007, 28 (6):  756-760.  Abstract ( 72 )   PDF (944KB) ( 226 )   Save The theoretic and actual geological models are developed based on heterogeneity or anisotropism of carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield, and its karst body's shape, scale, combination and distance apart from the Ordovician weathered surface, etc., in order to study the omnidirectional characteristics and synthetical mechanism. The corresponding relationship between degree of fissure-cavity reservoir development and character of seismic waveform is acquired. The category charts of various waveforms abnormities and such a reservoir are worked out. Effective prediction of such a reservoir is made using waveform analysis technology and drilling data. Case study shows good results for this technique application to the seismic development and drilling allocation in Tahe oilfield. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Well-Logging Evaluation for Fractured Tight Sand Reservoirs with High Pressure and Low Permeability XIAO Cheng-wen, ZHU Xiao-min, LI Jin-fu, LI Jun, CHEN Wei-zhong 2007, 28 (6):  761-763.  Abstract ( 83 )   PDF (1048KB) ( 194 )   Save The tight sand reservoir with high pressure and low permeability in Kuqa foreland basin is divided into three types in terms of lithology and physical property, and its well-logging responses and fracture distribution are reviewed. By in-depth analysis of such a reservoir, its standard chart for evaluation of the reservoir is established, providing a new thought and/or method for complex reservoirs by well-log evaluation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Denoise of Wavelet Domain Threshold Value Seismic Data by Multi-Wavelet Transform XU Wei-xiu, YUE Ji-guang, WU Ji-wei, XIAO Yun-shi 2007, 28 (6):  764-767.  Abstract ( 70 )   PDF (422KB) ( 303 )   Save Followed the analysis of conventional denoising method by threshold filter on wavelet domain, a seismic data denoising method by threshold filter on wavelet domain based on multi-wavelet transform is proposed. Based on the feature difference between signal and noise on multi-measure domain in wavelet transform, processing the wavelet coefficients in the different measures with thresholds filter, multi-wavelet transform can be improved without losing original signals. Seismic data simulation and practical processing indicate that this method can be used to press random interferences and effectively improve the signal-noise ratio and the resolution of seismic data. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of Rayleigh Wave Method to Low Velocity Layer Detecting in Intricate Area MA Xun-yuan, WANG Ren-hu, HE Zhi-jun 2007, 28 (6):  768-769.  Abstract ( 91 )   PDF (708KB) ( 202 )   Save Using refraction method to detect low velocity layer in intricate area is difficult in field and poor in effect, generally. Rayleigh wave method is introduced to solve this problem. Some Rayleigh wave detecting points are integrated and compared with a few micro well logs on the seismic line, which can get the ratio of longitudinal wave and transverse wave. By processing and interpretation of Rayleigh wave data, static correction value in studied area can be calculated and used for seismic data processing. Study shows that good results can be gained by using this method. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Study on Fluid Connectivity of Karst Carbonate Reservoir with Static and Dynamic Data—An example of No.4 District in Taheoilfield, Tarim basin ZHOU Bo, CAI Zhong-xian, LI Qi-ming 2007, 28 (6):  770-772.  Abstract ( 97 )   PDF (510KB) ( 211 )   Save A method for study of the connectivity of carbonate reservoir with extra-strong heterogeneity is proposed. As a new method based on karst geology theory, the log curves and core analysis data are used to develop a static karstification model, and integrated with pressure, production and fluids data, the interwell fluid connectivity can then be identified and judged. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of Petrel Software to 3D Fine Geologic Modeling SHI Xiao-yan 2007, 28 (6):  773-774.  Abstract ( 569 )   PDF (202KB) ( 812 )   Save The precision of a geologic model is the most critical step for fine reservoir description, not only relating directly to the accuracy of numerical reservoir simulation, but also affecting the validity of a prediction scheme. The Cretaceous reservoir in Lianmuqin oil field is one with complicated fault system and edge-bottom water. Petrel software is used for the 3D geologic modeling in this block, which features a full use of drilling, seismic, well log and stratigraphic correlation data. This paper presents a practical 3D geologic model through seismic inversion, integrated with lithofacies curves and porosity and permeability curves as well as evaluations of various stochastic models and modeling methods available References | Related Articles | Metrics

Technology and Application of ADN Imaging Log LIU Shu-qiang, ZHOU Hai-yan, SHANG Ming, WANG Gui-wen 2007, 28 (6):  775-776.  Abstract ( 160 )   PDF (612KB) ( 265 )   Save The fundamental principle of ADN imaging log is presented. Taking Well A18 of an offshore field as an example, its application to reservoir researches in three aspects such as sand boundary geometric attribute and occurrence, lithologic sequence and paleo-current direction is elaborated. Through the case study, the targets that may be realizable or irrealizable by this method are analyzed. It is pointed out that the integration with conventional log tools will allow the method to be more accurate in depicting sand body parameters and depositional sequences. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Hydrocarbon-Bear ing Basins in Circum-Pacific Belt AN Zuo-xiang, MA Ji, PANG Qi-wei 2007, 28 (6):  777-780.  Abstract ( 112 )   PDF (138KB) ( 149 )   Save Seventeen petroliferous basins have been found in circum-Pacific belt now and have been classified and analyzed in basinal origin, for the basins are all in the active continental margins. However, they are of differences in two sides of E-W Pacific in convergent stress field. The east side is simple; the west side is complex. The known basins are all dominated by Cenozoic petroleum systems or sequences that are closely related with the faults in both basinal formation and hydrocarbon accumulation belt formation. Although there exists big difference among the basins found in circum-Pacific petroliferous belt, their prospects of hydrocarbon Resources do not admit ignoring and be worth of in-depth researches on the whole in order to provide theoretical support for complete development in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Discussion on Division of Tectonic Units of Southeastern Tarim Basin PAN Zheng-zhong, GUO Qun-ying, WANG Bu-qing, LI Ming-he, PU Zhen-shan, HAN Li-jun 2007, 28 (6):  781-783.  Abstract ( 116 )   PDF (463KB) ( 300 )   Save The drilling, seismic and non-seismic data indicate that the southeastern Tarim basin, located at the southeast of Che'erchen fault, has experienced several times of ascending since the end of Early Paleozoic.The structural deformation and deposition in this area at that time were controlled by Che'erchen fault and controlled by the Altun fault belt since Pliocene. Therefore, the southeastern Tarim basin is classified as a first-order tectonic unit of Tarim basin, called southeast uplift. The uplift is characterized by "sections in east-west direction and belts in south-north direction". According to the distribution of strata, structural deformation and the depth of basement, the southeast uplift can be divided into four second-order tectonic units from west to east such as Mingfeng sag, Qiemo swell, Washixia sag and Luobuzhuang swell. References | Related Articles | Metrics