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01 March 1997, Volume 18 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION

GEOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LATTTUDINAL HYDROCARBON ABUNDANCE ZONES IN CHINA CONTINENT Luo Zhili 1997, 18 (1):  1-5.  Abstract ( 95 )   PDF (487KB) ( 222 )   Save By analysis of the plate tectonics,basinal origin and geologic ages of major reservoirs,petroliferous basins in China continent can be classified as longitudinal basin zone represented by Yi-lan-Yitong-Bohai Bay-Jianghan basins and latitudinal basin zone by Junggar-Erlian-Songliao basins. The two zones are entitled to be called “Colden Zone” respectively for their having a great advantage in China’s crude reserves and output. This paper is devoted to features of the latitudinal oil-rich zone by research of Bohai Bay basin and Songliao basin that belong separately to the longitudinal and latitudinal zones, followed by making a correlation between the zones and petroliferous structural units of two types or three sorts. It is concluded that northwest China will be in a dominant position of China continent petroleum development strategies in the future, and it is possible to disclose giant oil/gas fields in hinterland of Junggar basin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

CHARACTERISTICS AND ZONAL DIVISION OF PLATE TECTONICS IN WESTERN TARIM BASIN AND ITS ADJACENT AREA Wang Yuzhen, Wu Zhizhong 1997, 18 (1):  7-11.  Abstract ( 121 )   PDF (469KB) ( 207 )   Save Five ophiolite belts were divided based on distribution characteristics of ophiolite belt in study area. Tarim land plate and Kazakhstan plate was divided by north Tarim ophiolite belt; Tarim land plate and Caucasia-Qiangtang plate was divided by Kangxiwa ophiolite belt formed by multi-period subduction. Various types of structures exist in study area,which can be divided into three structure unit: Tarim passive continental margin active zone, Tarim epeirocraton, south Tarim continental margin zone. References | Related Articles | Metrics

FORMING MECHANISM OF TENSIONAL TECTONICS BELT AND THE REL ATION WITH HYDROCARBON IN TABEI UPLIFT Liu Xuefeng, Shi Weidong, Peng Detang, Liu Shaoping, Zhong Guangfa 1997, 18 (1):  13-17.  Abstract ( 75 )   PDF (377KB) ( 223 )   Save Tabei uplift tensional tectonics belt distributed in Luntai fault-uplift at its axis, mostly formed in early period of Himalayan event, controlled by the left-lateral couple of force, resulted from NW-SE striking local tensile stress field caused by sinistral torsion of the pre-existing fault in early period of Himalayan orogeny. Faults appear in a left-lateral echelon arrangement in plane and as small-sized graben combination in section. The deeper part of faults formed negative inverted structure along with the pre-existing fault. Fold structure associated with the fault distributed along fault strike, controlled by faulting. Tabei uplift tensional tectonics belt is. expected to have satisfactory oil and gas prospect due to its favorable structural position. References | Related Articles | Metrics

TECTONICS CHARACTERISTICS IN FUHAI AREA IN NORTHERN XINJLANG Wang Wuyan, Wu Shaozhu, Wu Xiaozhi, Xiang Shuzheng, Zhao Yongde, Wang Xu 1997, 18 (1):  18-23.  Abstract ( 177 )   PDF (506KB) ( 226 )   Save This paper briefly described tectonics setting, magnetic basement characteristics and division and characteristics of structural element in Fuhai area of northern Xinjiang, and tectonic evolution history was discussed. It is suggested that in the Paleozoic it consists of the Siberia plate in the north and Kazakhstan plate in the south, both of which sutured with the Erqis. The north is Altay ancient continental margin magna active belt, while the south is north Junggar arc-basin belt, both of which were sutured in Late Carboniferous. References | Related Articles | Metrics

TRAP EVALUATION AND OI AND GAS EXPLORATION DECISION Luo Kaisheng, Jia Xiyu, Weng Ning 1997, 18 (1):  24-29.  Abstract ( 114 )   PDF (441KB) ( 241 )   Save Trap comprehensive evaluation is involved in evaluating trap quality based on trap, petroleum geology and economic considerations. The result may directly and rapidly offer the important basis for exploration decision. This paper discussed the classification and value selection of evaluation parameters on the basis of comprehensively analysing petroleum geology of the known reservoirs and drilled traps in Junggar basin. Therefore, it is of more practical value. References | Related Articles | Metrics

LATE MESOZOIC RIFTING AND EXTENSIONAL STRUCTURAL PATTERN IN SONGLIAO BASIN Zhang Gongcheng, Liu Hefu, Zhu Defeng 1997, 18 (1):  30-34.  Abstract ( 89 )   PDF (444KB) ( 223 )   Save Rifting from sedimentary period Shahezi formation(K1) to sedimentary period Yingcheng formation(K1) in the central and western part of Songliao basin and from that of Shahezi formation(K1) to Denglouku formation(K1) in the eastern part formed various structures of different deformation features. The key element of tensional structure at moderate to shallow burial is the major fault at the margin of fault-depression basin, and the essential component half-graben and half-horst, these structures appear as Domino-type horst-graben on side view. The major faults dipping east are gentle but tend to steepen eastwards, while the dipping west is steep but limited. Fault-depression included two types of half-grabens, one with big horizontal pull-apart distance and small subsidence, the other with just the opposite. These fault- depression basins of beaded type in NNE direction band from east to west. Tough deformation in the mid-lower crust formed a detachment zone dipping east with depth of 15 ~ 30 km. There existed three ways for rifting propagation: oblique back-propagation of boundary fault, strike propagation of fault-depression zone and lateral propagation of fault-depression group. References | Related Articles | Metrics

GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING

SEISMIC INTERPRETATION AND PRESENCE OF HYDROCARBON OF MD-UPPER ORDOVICIAN REEF IN MANNAN AREA Shi Youhua 1997, 18 (1):  35-36.  Abstract ( 98 )   PDF (333KB) ( 196 )   Save Mound seismic anomaly with resemblance to anticline has been identified in seismic profile of Mid-Upper Ordovician over Mannan area of Tarim basin, which was intepreted previously as buildup formed in sedimentary process. However, reef was widely accepted following comparism with seismic reflection characteristics of reef in Mid-Upper Ordovician of Tabei area and elsewhere in the world. The reef belonged to platform marginal barrier reef of carbonate sedimentary system in hinge zone, extending 90 km from east to west with width of 2 ~ 4 km, distributed “S” type along with the reef of Mid-Upper Ordovician. It formed the horseshoe shaped reef group in Tabei area, with the thickness up to 500 m and good reservoir quality. The reef in Mannan area should be an important target for oil and gas exploration in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

ANCIENT METEORITE CRATER IN TARIM BASIN Zhang Chuanji 1997, 18 (1):  38-38.  Abstract ( 284 )   PDF (226KB) ( 214 )   Save An important meteorite collision event occurred in the Miocene in Mangar area, eastern Tarim basin, resulted in a subround ancient meteorite crater with diameter of 15 km and depth of 2 km. A suite of coarse deposits in meteorite crater resulted in basin-shaped seismic anomaly in time section which in tum caused the dome structure pseudomorph in the underlying strata due to its high seismic velocity. Related Articles | Metrics

ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY

MACERALS AND PETROLOGY OF PALAEOZOIC SOURCE ROCK IN TARIM BASIN Cheng Dingsheng 1997, 18 (1):  40-45.  Abstract ( 96 )   PDF (950KB) ( 262 )   Save The maceral classification of Palaeozoic source rock in Tarim basin has been proposed based on the detailed microscopic examination. The hydrocarbon: generating potential of Palaeozoic source rock has been preliminarily evaluated by combining the petrology of each maceral with organic petrology. Cambrian source rock is dominated by secondary compositions, with low hydrocarbon-generating potential; Ordovician carbonate source rock is rich in alginate, with stronger hydrocarbon- generating capacity; the overmature Ordovician argillaceous source rock has low hydrocarbon-generating potential; Carboniferous argillaceous source rock is gas-prone while carbonate source rock is prone to generate both oil and gas. References | Related Articles | Metrics

NITROGEN-BEARING AND NTTROGEN-RICH NATURAL GAS IN THE HINTERI AND OF JUNGGAR BASIN Wang Yutao, Jiang Shaoin 1997, 18 (1):  46-49.  Abstract ( 142 )   PDF (388KB) ( 234 )   Save It is shown that natural gas of the Palaeozoic exhibits high contents of nitrogen in Lu-liang uplift in the hinterland of Junggar basin, based on the analysis of geochemistry,carbon isotope and light hydrocarbon composition data. Nitrogen is present in the natural gas of the Carboniferous and Triassic in Lunan arch, and rich in the gas of the Carboniferous in Shinan sag. Origin study suggested that this type of natural gas is probably associated with magmatic intrusion, and originated from the Carboniferous in the Shinan sag. References | Related Articles | Metrics

SOURCE ROCK EVALUATION IN SOUTHWEST DEPRESSION OF TARIM BASIN Liu Deguang, Wu Zhizhong, Li Yongguang, Chen Hong 1997, 18 (1):  50-53.  Abstract ( 115 )   PDF (316KB) ( 236 )   Save The concept of oil source abundance index is presented by combining organic abundance of source rock with geological analysis, and applied in Southwest depression of Tarim basin. It is suggested that Miocene and Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene can generate few or no hydrocarbons dark mudstone in Mid - Lower Jurassic, and dark carbonate rock in Carboniferous - Lower Permian and Cambrian-Ordovician have relatively higher hydrocarbon generating potential, and argillaceous rock of Palaeozoic can generate no hydrocarbon. References | Related Articles | Metrics

STRATIGRAPHY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY

SPOROPOLLEN ASSEMBLAGE OF QIKETAI FORMATION IN TAIBEI SAG OF TURPAN - HAMI BASIN Ji Liming 1997, 18 (1):  54-61.  Abstract ( 84 )   PDF (1549KB) ( 138 )   Save Sporopollen fossiles of 32 genera and 54 species were discovered in Qiketai formation by analysing the samples from wells Pu1 and Caonan 1 in Tabei sag of Turpan-Hami basin. The typical Granulatisporites-Classopollis-Podocarpidites sporopollen assemblage can be identified according to distribution characteristics of genera and species and their stratigraphic significances. Gymnospermous pollen prevails(68. 7% ),pteridophyta spore is next(31.3% ). Compared with the isochronical sporopollen assemblage at home and abroad in geologic history of main classes and major genera and species, the sporopollen assemblage in Qiketai formation is considered similar to the ones from Zhiluo formation of central Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningia basin, Wangjashan formation of Jingyuan, Gansu, and Jiulongshan formation of northern Hebei province. Its geologic age should be late Mid Jurassic, that is Bathonian - Callovian period. References | Related Articles | Metrics

RESERVOIR ENGINEERING

STUDY ON WATER DISPLACEMENT CURVE- The 2nd in Series Yu Qitai 1997, 18 (1):  62-66.  Abstract ( 150 )   PDF (354KB) ( 226 )   Save This paper described seven expressions of the second category of water displacement curve $N_{p}=f((\frac{1-f_{w}}{f_{w}}))$,and pointed out that the formulae (9) ~ (14) are equivalent, which can be expressed as $N_{p}=a-b(\frac{1-f_{w}}{f_{w}})^{1/2}$, while water displacement curve expression (15) can be expressed as $N_{p}=a-b(\frac{1-f_{w}}{f_{w}})^{1/3}$. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A METHOD FOR DETERMINING AVERAGE CAPILLARY PRESSURE CURVE Miao Zhiwei 1997, 18 (1):  67-69.  Abstract ( 156 )   PDF (256KB) ( 211 )   Save According to the statistics formula between the ratio of capillary pressure to threshold pressure (Pc/Pe) and the efective wetting phase saturation($s_{wt}^{*}$) established by Brooks R.H. and Corey A.T, the method for determining average capillary pressure curve is presented in this paper. It is checked with the data of mercury injection capillary pressure of Xiazijie oilfield and the shape of curve is satisfactory. As compared with that of the traditional J-function, this method is simple, convenient, high-precision and easy to operate on PC. Meanwhile, a mathmatical expression for average capillary pressure curve and porosity size distribution exponent λ also put forward. It is of great significance to extend: the application of capillary pressure curve. References | Related Articles | Metrics

MODIFICATION TO THE ESTIMATION OF RECOVERABLE RESERVES WITH WENG CYCLE MODEL Hu Jianguo, Chen Yuanqian 1997, 18 (1):  70-75.  Abstract ( 87 )   PDF (397KB) ( 143 )   Save Weng cycle model has been widely applied in long-term production prediction by oil and gas fields in China. Recoverable reserves is an important part in oil and gas field prediction, however, prediction methods of recoverable reserves in oil and gas fields reported in the literatures on Weng cycle model may give erroneous results. We made some modifications and established the reliable method for predicting recoverable reserves, making Weng cycle model more accurrate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

STUDY ON PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS RESERVOIR IN JUNGGAR BASIN Wang Bing, Xu Xinhui, Wen Dongshan 1997, 18 (1):  76-79.  Abstract ( 81 )   PDF (305KB) ( 177 )   Save On the basis of production characteristics of gas reservoir in Junggar basin, we correctedthe formula critical parameter for presented by Terna el al, and developed the new formula specifically designed for this region. Therefore, it is of practical signiferous in development of gas reservoir in this region. References | Related Articles | Metrics

FUZZY-MATTER-ELEMENT RALATIONAL ANALYSIS METHOD FOR CLASSIFICATION OF POROUS CARBONATE RESERVOIR Xiao Fangchun 1997, 18 (1):  80-82.  Abstract ( 68 )   PDF (235KB) ( 135 )   Save A new method for classification of porous carbonate reservoir was presented, called fuzzy-matter element ralational analysis method. Case study indicated that the result coincides with other methods and has a good agreement. Therefore, it can be used as a general tool. References | Related Articles | Metrics

IMPROVING WATERFLOODING RESERVOIR PERFORMANCE-Case History of Upper Karamay Reservoir of Jian 188 Fault Block in Baikouquan Oilfield Yang Xuewen, Liu Huanbua, Chen Shuliang 1997, 18 (1):  83-86.  Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (358KB) ( 120 )   Save Using an example from Baikouquan oilfield, we summarize how the improved performance of thin, heterogeneous conglomerate reservoir with low fluid saturation can be achieved. In view of larger saturated pressure different present in the low-saturation reservoir, oil production started with pumping for higher production; when the reservoir pressure declined to some extent, mild water injection began at a reasonable injection-production ratio to improve the sweep volume; after the waterflooding response was observed, production was under way at elevated pressure drop to furthur improve the waterflooding performance; well stimulation was undertaken; separated injection on surface and enhanced injection in the wells with no injection and inadequate injection were done for additional sweep improvement and then for enhanced oil recovery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

THERMAL VISCOUS OIL RECOVERY

INTERMTTENT STEAM INJECTION- AN IMPORTANT METHOD FOR ENHANCING STEAM FLOODING EFFICIENCY Liu Xinfu, Song Pengrui 1997, 18 (1):  87-90.  Abstract ( 146 )   PDF (340KB) ( 191 )   Save After steam breakthrough, intermittent steam injection process can control steam channeling, enhance steam specific volume, sweep volume, steam quality, oil phase relative permeability and thermal efficiency, and establish the mechanism of imbibition displacement. It performed well while used in the pilot Area 0 of Jinglou oilfield. Field test and numerical simulation study showed that the optimized intermittent steam injection cycle is 30 days in thin heavy oil reservoir and steam injection rate should be 1. 5 times as continus steam injection rate; in a large sized waterflooding block, the injection wells at a row are designed as a unit, and the injection period in two adjacent rows of steam injection well should superimpose by 50%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

TRANSL ATION OF SELECTED MANUSCRIPT

GEOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LATITUDINAL HYDROCARBON ABUNDANCE ZONES IN CHNA CONTINENT Luo Zhili 1997, 18 (1):  91-97.  Abstract ( 67 )   PDF (466KB) ( 185 )   Save By analysis of the plate tectonics, bassinal onigin and geologic ages of major reservoirs, petroliferous basins in China continent can be classified as longitudinal basin zone represented by Yilan-Yitong-Bohai Bay-Jianghan basins and latitudinal basin zone by Junggar-Erlian-Songliao basins. The two zones are entitled to be called “Golden Zone” respectively for their having a great advantage in China's crude reserves and output. This paper is devoted to features of the latitudinal oil-rich zone by research of Bohai Bay basin and Songliao basin that belong separately to the longitudinal and latitudinal zones, followed by making a correlation between the zones and petroliferous structural units of two types or three sorts. It is concluded that northwest China will be in a dominant position of China continent petroleum development strategies in the future, and it is possible to disclose giant oil/gas fields in hinterland of Junggar basin. Related Articles | Metrics