塔西南逆冲带前缘英吉莎背斜的多期变形

doi:10.7657/XJPG20210602

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

塔里木盆地西南缘位于西昆仑山前,发育多个逆冲构造带,并发现了多个油气田。应用断层相关褶皱理论,根据钻井和二维地震资料,对塔西南山前的英吉莎背斜构造进行了精细的构造解释,发现了位于中新统安居安组泥岩和膏泥岩中的浅层滑脱层,浅层发育简单的被改造的断层弯曲褶皱,据此提出英吉莎背斜由浅层、中—深层和深层3个构造层垂向叠合而成。中—深层发育楔形构造,为多个逆冲断层的叠瓦状构造,深层为简单的楔形构造。根据生长地层及构造变形样式,浅层构造形成最早,其后为中—深层构造,深层构造形成最晚。总之,由西昆仑山向塔里木盆地呈现多期幕式逆冲,塔西南逆冲构造具多期幕式活动,不同时期发育的构造在垂向上叠加,形成现今的构造样式。

关键词: 塔里木盆地, 塔西南地区, 英吉莎背斜, 逆冲构造带, 楔形构造, 叠瓦状构造, 断层弯曲褶皱, 多期变形

Abstract:

In southwestern Tarim basin in the piedmont of western Kunlun Mountain, there are several thrust belts where multiple oil and gas fields have been found. Based on the fault-related fold theory and drilling and 2D seismic data, the Yingjisha anticline in the piedmont of southwestern Tarim basin is finely interpreted, where shallow detachment layers are discovered in the mudstone and gypsum mudstone of the Miocene Anju’an formation, and several shallow simple fault-bended folds are developed as well. It is concluded that the Yingjisha anticline is composed of shallow, middle-deep and deep structural intervals that are superimposed vertically. A wedge structure which contains multiple imbricate structures of thrust faults are developed in the middle-deep interval. Simple imbricate structures are in the deep interval. The growth strata and structural deformation styles indicated that the shallow structures were formed the earliest, followed by the middle-deep structures, and finally the deep structures. In short, there are multiple stages of episodic thrusts starting from the west Kunlun Mountain toward the Tarim basin, so the thrust structures in southwestern Tarim basin have undergone multiple stages of episodic activities. The structures developed in different periods are superimposed vertically, resulting in the present structural pattern.

Key words: Tarim basin, southwestern Tarim, Yingjisha anticline, thrust belt, wedge structure, imbricate structure, fault-bended fold, multistage deformation

中图分类号:

TE121.2

杨庚, 陈竹新, 王晓波. 塔西南逆冲带前缘英吉莎背斜的多期变形[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(6): 656-665.

YANG Geng, CHEN Zhuxin, WANG Xiaobo. Multistage Deformation of Yingjisha Anticline in the Front of Southwestern Tarim Thrust Belt, Northwestern China[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2021, 42(6): 656-665.

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