泸州地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气成藏特征

doi:10.7657/XJPG20240103

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为寻找四川盆地泸州地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气有利区，在开展流体包裹体检测、页岩微观孔隙观测、气泡变孔模拟等研究基础上，查明了泸州地区构造埋藏过程和生烃热演化过程，总结了泸州地区页岩气成藏特征和成藏规律。研究结果表明：泸州地区五峰组—龙马溪组富有机质页岩厚度大，在二叠纪—早三叠世生油，经历了中三叠世和燕山运动期—喜马拉雅运动期2次构造抬升，中三叠世抬升幅度有限，未导致大规模烃散失，燕山运动期—喜马拉雅运动期构造抬升晚于川东南且幅度小，利于页岩气保存；泸州地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩有机孔发育，是由于中三叠世隆升时间短，强度小，未发生大规模排烃，大量液态烃保留在储集层中，有利于后期有机孔的大量形成，同时在晚三叠世—中白垩世，地层深埋发生液态烃裂解产气，地层广泛超压，有利于有机孔的后期保存；泸州地区三叠纪隆升虽然时间短、强度小，但是从模拟实验结果来看，可以导致原油稠化和气孔形成，对页岩气富集成藏有利。因此，发生在印支运动期的泸州地区的隆升造成原油稠化，有利于页岩气富集成藏；泸州地区地层抬升时间晚，页岩气散失时间短，低角度层理缝发育，而纵向裂缝少，均有利于形成超压页岩气富集区。提出的泸州地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩富集成藏规律，对于指导其他同类型油气勘探具有借鉴意义。

关键词: 四川盆地, 泸州地区, 五峰组, 龙马溪组, 页岩储集层, 页岩气, 孔隙成因, 隆升, 成藏

Abstract:

To find favorable areas for shale gas accumulation in the Wufeng formation-Longmaxi formation in the Luzhou area of the Sichuan basin，fluid inclusion detection，shale micropore observation，and gas bubble-pore evolution simulation were performed. On this basis，the tectonic burial process and the hydrocarbon generation and thermal evolution process in the Luzhou area were investigated，and the characteristics and patterns of shale gas accumulation in the Luzhou area were summarized. The results show that the Wufeng formation-Longmaxi formation in the Luzhou area has a set of thick organic-rich shales. During the Permian to Early Triassic，oil was generated from the shale which then experienced two tectonic uplift events during the Middle Triassic and the Yanshanian-Himalayan movement. The gentle uplifting of the formation in the Middle Triassic did not induce extensive hydrocarbon loss，while the uplifting during the Yanshanian-Himalayan movement was later than that of the structure in the southeastern part of Sichuan basin，with a small magnitude，which was favorable for shale gas preservation. The organic pores in the shales were developed as a result of the fact that the uplifting with short duration and low intensity in the Middle Triassic did not cause massive hydrocarbon expulsion，leaving a large quantity of liquid hydrocarbons in the reservoirs and allowing well preservation of organic pores during the Late Triassic to Middle Cretaceous，when liquid hydrocarbons were cracked to gas along with deep burial，and the strata were universally under overpressure. Although the Triassic uplifting in the Luzhou area was short-lived and of low intensity，the simulation results suggest that it led to crude oil thickening and gas pore formation，which was beneficial for shale gas accumulation. The uplifting in the Indosinian period resulted in crude oil thickening，facilitating shale gas accumulation. The late strata uplifting together with a short period of shale gas loss，developed low-angle bedding fractures，and fewer vertical fractures all contribute to the formation of overpressured shale gas accumulation zones in the Luzhou area. The proposed patterns of shale gas accumulation in the Wufeng formation-Longmaxi formation in the Luzhou area are of great reference significance in guiding oil and gas exploration for similar reservoirs.

Key words: Sichuan basin, Luzhou area, Wufeng formation, Longmaxi formation, shale reservoir, shale gas, pore origin, uplift, hydrocarbon accumulation

中图分类号:

TE122

刘洪林, 王怀厂, 李晓波. 泸州地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气成藏特征[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2024, 45(1): 19-26.

LIU Honglin, WANG Huaichang, LI Xiaobo. Shale Gas Accumulation Characteristics of Wufeng Formation-Longmaxi Formation in Luzhou Area[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2024, 45(1): 19-26.

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