准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷页岩水平井水力压裂裂缝形态

doi:10.7657/XJPG20240110

新疆石油地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 72-80.doi: 10.7657/XJPG20240110

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷页岩水平井水力压裂裂缝形态

方正¹(), 陈勉¹, 王溯¹, 李嘉成², 吕嘉昕¹, 余延波^3a, 焦冀博^3b

1.中国石油大学（北京）石油工程学院，北京 102249
2.中国石油新疆油田公司工程技术研究院（监理公司），新疆克拉玛依 834000
3.中国石油西部钻探 a.井下作业公司（储层改造研究中心）；b.地质研究院（录井工程分公司），新疆克拉玛依 834000

收稿日期:2023-07-22 修回日期:2023-09-27 出版日期:2024-02-01 发布日期:2024-01-23
作者简介:方正（1995-），男，河北张家口人，博士研究生，石油与天然气工程，（Tel）13029820093（Email）453021078@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52334001);国家自然科学联合基金(U1762215)

Geometry of Hydraulic Fractures in Fractured Horizontal Wells in Shale Reservoirs of Jimsar Sag，Junggar Basin

FANG Zheng¹(), CHEN Mian¹, WANG Su¹, LI Jiacheng², LYU Jiaxin¹, YU Yanbo^3a, JIAO Jibo^3b

1. School of Petroleum Engineering，China University of Petroleum，Beijing 102249，China
2. Research Institute of Engineering Technology (Supervision Company)，Xinjiang Oilfield Company，PetroChina，Karamay，Xinjiang 834000，China
3. CNPC Xibu Drilling Engineering Company Limited，a.Downhole Service Company(Reservoir Stimulation Research Center);b.Geological Research Institute (Mud Logging Company)，Karamay，Xinjiang 834000，China

Received:2023-07-22 Revised:2023-09-27 Online:2024-02-01 Published:2024-01-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷、四川盆地南部等地区页岩水平井的微地震侧视数据云图中均出现了平行于层理方向数据点的密度与扩展程度都远远大于垂直方向的现象，与传统的水力压裂裂缝几何形态解释结果矛盾，但是目前没有明确的三维水力压裂裂缝几何形态对这种现象做出解释。建立微地震数据反演方法，并对反演结果进行了二次重构，给出了页岩水平井三维水力压裂裂缝几何形态，并通过真三轴压裂物理模拟实验对裂缝形态以及微地震数据反演方法进行了验证。研究结果表明：反演得到的裂缝在三维空间中主要呈现出1条主裂缝与多条次生裂缝相互交错的形态，结合真三轴压裂物理模拟实验结果，说明了页岩水平井水力压裂裂缝几何形态呈水平垂直交错；通过对比声发射实验结果和吉木萨尔凹陷露头样品真三轴压裂物理模拟后呈现出的裂缝形态，验证了微地震数据反演方法的可靠性以及页岩水平井水力压裂裂缝的复杂性。

关键词: 准噶尔盆地, 吉木萨尔凹陷, 页岩, 水平井, 储集层, 微地震, 水力压裂, 裂缝形态

Abstract:

The side-view images of microseismic monitoring in horizontal wells in the shale reservoirs in the Jimsar sag of Junggar basin and in the southern Sichuan basin exhibit a phenomenon that the density and extent of the data points parallel to bedding direction are much greater than those perpendicular to the bedding direction. This phenomenon contradicts the hydraulic fracture interpretation results from conventional processing. However，there is no clear explanation for this phenomenon in terms of 3D geometry of hydraulic fractures. A method of microseismic inversion was established，and the inversion results were reconstructed to obtain 3D geometry of the fractures induced by horizontal well hydraulic fracturing in shale reservoirs. Finally，the fracture geometry and the microseismic inversion method were verified through physical simulation experiments on fracturing under true triaxial stress. The results show that the fractures from inversion primarily exhibit a geometrical pattern of one main fracture intersecting with multiple secondary fractures in three dimensional space. Combining with the results of fracturing physical simulation experiments under true triaxial stress，it is found that the hydraulic fractures are horizontally and vertically intersected. The results of acoustic emission experiments and the fracture geometry presented after true-triaxial fracturing physical simulation of outcrop samples from the Jimsar sag validate that the microseismic inversion method is reliable and the fractures induced by horizontal well hydraulic fracturing in shale reservoirs are complex.

Key words: Junggar basin, Jimsar sag, shale, horizontal well, reservoir, microseismic, hydraulic fracturing, fracture geometry

中图分类号:

TE357

方正, 陈勉, 王溯, 李嘉成, 吕嘉昕, 余延波, 焦冀博. 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷页岩水平井水力压裂裂缝形态[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2024, 45(1): 72-80.

FANG Zheng, CHEN Mian, WANG Su, LI Jiacheng, LYU Jiaxin, YU Yanbo, JIAO Jibo. Geometry of Hydraulic Fractures in Fractured Horizontal Wells in Shale Reservoirs of Jimsar Sag，Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2024, 45(1): 72-80.

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基本力学参数	数值	压裂实验参数	数值
弹性模量/GPa	29.95	水平地应力差/MPa	8
泊松比	0.23	最大水平主应力/MPa	26
单轴抗压强度/MPa	23.97	最小水平主应力/MPa	18
单轴抗拉强度/MPa	1.64	上覆应力/MPa	28
渗透率/mD	0.11	排量/（mL·min^-1）	30
孔隙度/%	6.45

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷页岩水平井水力压裂裂缝形态

Geometry of Hydraulic Fractures in Fractured Horizontal Wells in Shale Reservoirs of Jimsar Sag，Junggar Basin

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