新疆石油地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 505-515.doi: 10.7657/XJPG20240501

• 油气勘探 •    下一篇

库车前陆冲断带构造分层变形特征

徐振平1(), 杨宪彰1, 能源2(), 段云江1, 张文1, 胡建宁3, 张梦洋3   

  1. 1.中国石油 塔里木油田分公司 勘探开发研究院,新疆 库尔勒 841000
    2.中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区 石油学院,新疆 克拉玛依 834000
    3.中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京 102499
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-22 修回日期:2024-05-05 出版日期:2024-10-01 发布日期:2024-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 能源(1982-),男,山东费县人,教授,博士生导师,含油气盆地分析、油区构造解析,(Tel)13810923567(Email)nengyuan@foxmail.com
  • 作者简介:徐振平(1979-),男,黑龙江明水人,高级工程师,前陆盆地构造,(Tel)0996-2172100(Email)xuzenp-tlm@petrochina.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(42362026);国家重点研发项目(2019YFC0605505)

Layered Structural Deformation Characteristics of Kuqa Foreland Thrust Belt

XU Zhenping1(), YANG Xianzhang1, NENG Yuan2(), DUAN Yunjiang1, ZHANG Wen1, HU Jianning3, ZHANG Mengyang3   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China
    2. School of Petroleum, Karamay Campus, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China
    3. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102499, China
  • Received:2024-04-22 Revised:2024-05-05 Online:2024-10-01 Published:2024-10-09

摘要:

库车前陆冲断带地震资料信噪比低,具有多解性。利用高分辨率三维地震、钻井、油气分析化验等资料,对库车前陆冲断带地层组合进行系统描述,精细解释构造模型,深入剖析油气成藏体系,认为库车前陆冲断带发育古近系和新近系膏盐岩层及三叠系和侏罗系煤层2套滑脱层,具有分层滑脱、垂向叠置、多期变形的特征,浅层构造发育盖层滑脱褶皱,深层发育基底卷入式叠瓦状逆冲构造,膏盐岩层和煤层发生滑脱塑性变形,发育加里东运动期、海西运动晚期—印支运动期和燕山运动期—喜马拉雅运动期3期断裂,海西运动晚期—印支运动期构造控制中生界沉积,由北向南具有超覆减薄的特征。库车前陆冲断带分层构造变形控制油气分层运聚,煤层以上的油气主要来自侏罗系烃源岩,煤层之下的油气主要来自三叠系,三叠系烃源岩生烃量占60%,大量油气仍保存在煤层之下。

关键词: 库车前陆冲断带, 煤层, 膏盐岩层, 滑脱层, 构造分层变形, 油气分层运聚, 深层油气

Abstract:

The seismic data acquired from Kuqa foreland thrust belt is characterized by low signal-to-noise ratio and high interpretive ambiguity. By using high-resolution 3D seismic data, drilling and lab hydrocarbon analysis data, the stratigraphic assemblages of Kuqa foreland thrust belt were systematically described, the structural model was detailedly interpreted, and the hydrocarbon accumulation system was deeply analyzed. It is found that the Kuqa foreland thrust belt develops two sets of detachment layers: Paleogene and Neogene gypsum-salt rocks, and Triassic and Jurassic coal measures, all of which feature stratified detachment, vertical stacking, and multiphase deformation. Detachment folds in caprocks are found in the shallow structures, while basement-involved imbricate thrust structures are developed in deep strata. Detachment plastic deformation occured in the gypsum-salt and coal layers. Faulting occured in three phases including Caledonian, late Hercynian-Indosinian, and Yanshanian-Himalayan. The late Hercynian-Indosinian tectonics controlled the Mesozoic sedimentation, showing a north-to-south onlap thinning feature. Layered structural deformation in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt governs the stratified accumulation and migration of hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons in the strata above the coal seam predominantly originated from the Jurassic source rocks, whereas oil and gas in the strata below the coal seam mainly came from the Triassic source rocks which contributs 60% of the hydrocarbons. A substantial quantity of hydrocarbon remains trapped in the formation below the coal layer.

Key words: Kuqa foreland thrust belt, coal seam, gypsum-salt layer, detachment layer, layered structural deformation, stratified hydrocarbon accumulation and migration, deep oil and gas

中图分类号: