塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区深层地温场特征

doi:10.7657/XJPG20250205

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔里木盆地具有较低的地表热流，地层温度差异显著，为了明确盆地中部顺托果勒地区深层地温场特征及控制因素，利用顺托果勒及周缘地区33口井的系统稳态测温数据，研究了地温梯度和深层温度分布特征。在此基础上，对比了沉积地层岩石热物性，及其对热流和温度的影响，结合地球物理资料，构建了地壳分层结构模型，并计算了地壳热流密度。结果表明：顺南、顺托和顺北地区0—5 km平均地温梯度分别为22.5 ℃/km、20.0 ℃/km和18.6 ℃/km，8 km深度处平均地层温度分别约为200 ℃、175 ℃和135 ℃，表现出显著的地温场差异；地壳结构的差异造成了地壳热流的差异，地壳结构是研究区地温场差异的主要控制因素，沉积地层岩石热物性对地温场的影响并不显著；上新世以来顺北地区的快速沉积作用和顺南地区深部热液活动未对现今地温场造成影响。

关键词: 塔里木盆地, 顺托果勒地区, 深层, 地温场, 热流, 热物性, 地壳结构

Abstract:

The Tarim Basin is characterized by low surface heat flow and significant variation in formation temperature. To clarify the characteristics and controlling factors of deep geothermal field in the Shuntuoguole area of central Tarim Basin, by using the systematic steady-state temperature measurement data from 33 wells in the Shuntuoguole and surrounding areas, the geothermal gradients and deep temperature distribution characteristics were investigated. On this basis, the geothermal properties of sedimentary rocks and their impacts on heat flow and temperature were analyzed. Coupling with geophysical data, a layering model for the earth’s crust was constructed, and the heat flow density of the crust was calculated. The research results show that in the Shunnan, Shuntuo, and Shunbei areas, the average geothermal gradients at a depth ranging from 0 to 5 km are 22.5°C/km, 20.0°C/km, and 18.6°C/km, respectively, and the average formation temperatures at the depth of 8 km in the 3 areas are approximately 200°C, 175°C, and 135°C, respectively, indicating significant differences in the geothermal fields. The differences in the crustal structure account for variations in the crustal heat flow, and the crustal structure is the primary controlling factor for the geothermal field differences in the study area. The geothermal properties of sedimentary rocks have a negligible impact on the geothermal field. The rapid sedimentation in the Shunbei area since the Pliocene and the deep hydrothermal activity in the Shunnan area have no influence on the present-day geothermal field.

Key words: Tarim Basin, Shuntuoguole area, deep stratum, geothermal field, heat flow, geothermal property, crustal structure

中图分类号:

TE132

廖珂琰, 邱楠生, 常健, 李丹, 李慧莉, 马安来, 李竞赢. 塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区深层地温场特征[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2025, 46(2): 163-171.

LIAO Keyan, QIU Nansheng, CHANG Jian, LI Dan, LI Huili, MA Anlai, LI Jingying. Characteristics of Deep Geothermal Field in Shuntuoguole Area of Tarim Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2025, 46(2): 163-171.

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井名	深度段/km	地温梯度/ （℃·km^-1）	平均热导率/ （W·m^-1·K^-1）	放射性生热率/ （μW·m^-3）	顶部热流密度/ （mW·m^-2）
SN1井	0—2.0	22.0	2.20	0.75	49.1
	2.0—4.5	22.3	2.08	0.95	47.6
	4.5—7.0	18.8	2.31	1.45	45.3
	7.0—10.0		3.34	0.73	41.6
	基底				39.4
SB7井	0—2.0	18.4	2.04	1.01	38.7
	2.0—4.5	18.1	1.94	1.22	36.7
	4.5—7.0	16.8	1.90	1.43	33.6
	7.0—10.9		3.28	0.75	30.1
	基底				27.1