鄂尔多斯盆地黄陵—铜川地区延安组煤矿原油成因

doi:10.7657/XJPG20240105

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确鄂尔多斯盆地东南部黄陵—铜川地区延安组煤矿原油的地球化学特征及其成因，利用气相色谱、色谱质谱和同位素质谱技术，对研究区原油、煤岩和泥岩抽提物进行了生物标志化合物组成以及正构烷烃单体碳同位素分布特征的对比研究。煤矿原油姥鲛烷和植烷均势，倍半萜含量丰富，Ts/Tm、C₂₉Ts/C₂₉降藿烷相对较高，C₃₀莫烷/C₃₀藿烷、C₂₉降藿烷/C₃₀藿烷、C₃₁升藿烷及C₃₂升藿烷的22S/（22S+22R）相对较低，ααα-20R规则甾烷呈“V”字形分布，碳同位素及正构烷烃单体碳同位素偏轻；侏罗系煤系烃源岩抽提物中Pr/Ph高，倍半萜含量较低、Ts/Tm、C₂₉Ts/C₂₉降藿烷低，C₃₀莫烷/C₃₀藿烷、C₂₉降藿烷/C₃₀藿烷、C₃₁升藿烷及C₃₂升藿烷的22S/（22S+22R）高，ααα-20R规则甾烷呈倒“L”字形分布，碳同位素及正构烷烃单体碳同位素偏重。原油特征与煤系潜在烃源岩存在明显的差异，与盆地内长7段深湖亚相烃源岩及其生成烃一致。侏罗系延安组煤处于低成熟阶段，所生成的液态烃不能完全满足自身吸附的需要，不具备排出液态烃的能力，铜川崔家沟煤矿和黄陵店头煤矿原油均来源于下伏的长7段烃源岩。

关键词: 鄂尔多斯盆地, 黄陵—铜川地区, 侏罗系, 延安组, 煤矿, 原油, 成因

Abstract:

To clarify the geochemical characteristics and origin of the crude oil from the coal mine in Yan’an formation in Huangling-Tongchuan area，southeastern Ordos basin，a comparative study was conducted on the biomarker compositions and carbon isotope distribution of n-alkane monomers in extracts from crude oil，coal，and mudstone in the study area using gas chromatography，chromatography-mass spectrometry，and isotope mass spectrometry techniques. The oil from coal mine is characterized by equilibration of pristane and phytane，high sesquiterpene content，relatively high Ts/Tm and C₂₉Ts/C₂₉ norhopane ratios，relatively low ratios of C₃₀ moretane/C₃₀ hopance，C₃₀ norhopane/C₃₀ hopance，and 22S/(22S+22R) for C₃₁ homohopane and C₃₂ homohopane，“V”-shaped distribution of ααα-20R regular sterane，and relatively light carbon isotopic values of crude oil and n-alkane monomers. The extracts from the Jurassic coal-bearing source rocks exhibit high Pr/Ph ratio，low sesquiterpene content，low Ts/Tm and C₂₉Ts/C₂₉ norhopane ratios，relatively high ratios of C₃₀ moretane/C₃₀ hopance，C₃₀ norhopane/C₃₀ hopance，and high 22S/(22S+22R) values for C₃₁ homohopane and C₃₂ homohopane，inverted “L”-shaped distribution of ααα-20R regular sterane，and relatively heavy carbon isotopic values of crude oil and n-alkane monomers. The characteristics of crude oil significantly differ from those of the potential coal-bearing source rocks，which is consistent with the deep lacustrine source rocks and the generated hydrocarbons of Chang 7 member in the basin. The coal of the Jurassic Yan’an formation is at a low maturity stage，and it is incapable of expelling liquid hydrocarbons，since the generated liquid hydrocarbons cannot even fully meet its adsorption needs. The crude oils in the Cuijiagou Coal Mine in Tongchuan and the Diantou Coal Mine in Huangling are both originated from the source rocks of the underlying Chang 7 member.

Key words: Ordos basin, Huangling-Tongchuan area, Jurassic, Yan’an formation, coal mine, crude oil, origin

中图分类号:

TE122.1

孔令印, 李剑锋, 吴凯, 马军. 鄂尔多斯盆地黄陵—铜川地区延安组煤矿原油成因[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2024, 45(1): 35-46.

KONG Lingyin, LI Jianfeng, WU Kai, MA Jun. Origin of Crude Oil From Coal Mine of Yan’an Formation in Huangling-Tongchuan Area，Ordos Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2024, 45(1): 35-46.

图/表 11

表1

煤矿原油及中生界烃源岩萜类化合物组成特征"

煤矿和井名	层位	样品类型	补身烷/ 升补身烷	（补身烷+ 升补身烷）/C₃₀H	Ts/Tm	C₂₉M/ C₂₉H	C₃₀M/ C₃₀H	C₂₉H（Ts）/ C₂₉H	C₂₉H/ C₃₀H	γ蜡烷/ C₃₀H	C₃₁S/ （R+S）	C₃₂S/ （R+S）
崔家沟煤矿	延安组	原油	0.82	0.69	0.70	0.10	0.10	0.24	0.53	0.04	0.54	0.52
焦坪煤矿	延安组	原油	1.21	0.63	0.83	0.11	0.11	0.25	0.53	0.04	0.55	0.53
店头煤矿	延安组	原油	0.65	1.59	0.83		0.02	0.23	0.52	0.08	0.53	0.55
H63井	延安组	原油	1.24	0.79	0.94	0.09	0.09	0.33	0.46	0.07	0.53	0.44
He63井	延安组	原油	1.07	0.92	1.16	0.10	0.10	0.30	0.45	0.06	0.51	0.52
N228井	长7段	原油	0.64	0.36	0.55	0.09	0.08	0.16	0.50	0.07	0.52	0.57
N228井	长7段	油砂	0.61	0.33	0.62		0.08	0.18	0.52	0.09	0.54	0.57
LY6井	长7段	原油	1.23	4.45	3.46		0.14	0.84	0.41	0.23	0.52	0.54
LY7井	长7段	原油	1.19	9.20	4.48		0.15	0.94	0.48	0.31	0.35	0.52
Xi270井	长7段	原油	0.82	1.01	1.56	0.20	0.09	0.40	0.46	0.13	0.54	0.51
崔家沟煤矿	延安组	煤	0.28	0.03	0.02	0.59	0.47	0.01	0.66	0.02	0.56	0.70
店头煤矿	延安组	煤	0.18	0.17	0.02	0.36	0.57	0.01	0.82	0.05	0.59	0.70
Qing69-9井	延安组	煤	0.32	0.03	0.06	0.26	0.32	0.01	0.83	0.01	0.59	0.65
ZH5井	延安组	暗色泥岩	0.38	0.15	0.03	0.28	0.38	0.01	0.79	0.03	0.59	0.66
Liu109井	延安组	暗色泥岩	0.16	0.07	0.07	0.52	0.44	0.08	0.83	0.05	0.57	0.74
Qing69-7井	延安组	暗色泥岩	0.42	0.02	0.14	0.29	0.25	0.10	0.76	0.01	0.58	0.64
N10井	长6段	黑色泥岩	1.00	1.11	0.99	0.07	0.11	0.56	0.41	0.03	0.50	0.60
ZH42井	长6段	黑色泥岩	0.73	1.78	0.70	0.11	0.26	0.27	0.37	0.14	0.50	0.60
ZH5井	长7段	黑色泥岩	0.56	1.20	0.79	0	0.25	0.16	0.56	0.12	0.42	0.59
ZH9井	长7段	泥页岩	0.78	0.89	0.78	0.04	0.12	0.13	0.50	0.13	0.56	0.48
ZH126井	长7段	泥页岩	0.59	0.40	0.28	0.11	0.05	0.37	0.38	0.02	0.50	0.60
ZH156井	长7段	泥页岩	1.11	0.49	0.57		0.10		0.15	0.09	0.53	0.38
N12井	长8段	黑色泥岩	0.32	0.62	0.59	0.20	0.18	1.11	0.38	0.09	0.50	0.60
N36井	长8段	黑色泥岩	0.46	0.83	0.54		0.12	1.37	0.36		0.50	0.60

表1

图1

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图3

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图5

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图7

图8

图9

图10

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