稠油油藏烟道气辅助蒸汽驱机理及效果

doi:10.7657/XJPG20250511

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

烟道气辅助蒸汽驱是一种经济可行的提高稠油油藏采收率技术。针对烟道气与蒸汽协同作用机制复杂，注入工艺及储集层物性对开发效果影响不明确等问题，开展蒸汽驱后烟道气辅助蒸汽驱实验及数值模拟研究。以某稠油油藏为研究对象，进行岩心驱油实验，对比不同注入介质的驱油效率，建立烟道气辅助蒸汽驱稠油油藏机理模型，系统研究上述方法在稠油油藏开发中的作用机理及开发效果。研究结果表明：烟道气辅助蒸汽驱较蒸汽驱，可增加采出程度达5.84%，其采油机理包括蒸汽热降黏、烟道气增压效应、气液贾敏效应扩大热波及作用、烟道气流动携油等，注入的烟道气在蒸汽腔前缘形成气体分布带，可增加蒸汽与原油作用时间，同时减缓蒸汽超覆作用，扩大热波及范围；注入蒸汽与烟道气摩尔分数比为7∶3时，可兼具提高采收率及减少蒸汽量。段塞注入方式相较于混合注入在储集层中形成的周期性压差可提高驱油效率。研究结果可为稠油油藏烟道气辅助蒸汽驱方案设计提供指导及借鉴。

关键词: 稠油油藏, 烟道气, 蒸汽驱, 岩心实验, 数值模拟

Abstract:

Flue gas-assisted steam flooding is an economically viable enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technology for heavy oil reservoirs. To address the complex mechanisms of synergy between flue gas injection and steam injection, and the unclear impacts of injection process and reservoir properties on development performance, experiments and numerical simulations were performed on flue gas-assisted steam flooding following conventional steam flooding. Taking a heavy oil reservoir as an example, core flooding experiments were conducted to compare oil displacement efficiencies under different injection media. A mechanistic model of flue gas-assisted steam flooding for heavy oil reservoirs was established to systematically investigate its underlying mechanism and performance. The research results show that flue gas-assisted steam flooding improves oil recovery efficiency by 5.84% compared to pure steam flooding, attributed to multiple mechanisms such as thermal viscosity reduction by steam, pressurization effect of flue gas, enhanced thermal sweep efficiency via gis-liquid Jamin effect, and oil mobilization by flue gas flow. The injected flue gas forms a gas zone at the steam chamber front, prolonging steam-oil interaction time while mitigating steam override, thereby expanding thermal sweep area. An optimal steam-to-flue gas molar ratio of 7∶3 during injection can achieve a favorable balance between enhanced oil recovery and reduced steam consumption. Slug injection generates periodic pressure differentials in the reservoir, further improving displacement efficiency over co-injection. These findings provide theoretical and practical guidance for designing flue gas-assisted steam flooding schemes in heavy oil reservoirs.

Key words: heavy oil reservoir, flue gas, steam flooding, core experiment, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TE357

宋涛, 李宜强, 吕小龙, 颜之谦, 唐雪辰, 訾健强, 刘哲宇. 稠油油藏烟道气辅助蒸汽驱机理及效果[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2025, 46(5): 606-613.

SONG Tao, LI Yiqiang, LYU Xiaolong, YAN Zhiqian, TANG Xuechen, ZI Jianqiang, LIU Zheyu. Mechanism and Performance of Flue Gas-Assisted Steam Flooding in Heavy Oil Reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2025, 46(5): 606-613.

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方案	气测渗透率/ mD	孔隙度/ %	初始含油饱和度/%	蒸汽注入速度/ （mL·min^-1）	烟道气注入速度/ （mL·min^-1）	驱替方式
1	596	26.08	76.82	2	0	蒸汽驱
2	610	26.21	75.62	0	2	烟道气驱
3	602	26.42	76.33	1	1	烟道气辅助蒸汽驱

模型参数	数值	模型参数	数值
油藏温度/℃	55	岩石热传导率/（J·m^-1·d^-1·℃^-1）	2.0×10⁵
原始储集层压力/MPa	4	水相热传导率/（J·m^-1·d^-1·℃^-1）	5.5×10⁴
注入蒸汽温度/℃	240	油相热传导率/（J·m^-1·d^-1·℃^-1）	1.2×10⁴
蒸汽干度	0.7	气相热传导率/（J·m^-1·d^-1·℃^-1）	4 000
岩石压缩系数/kPa^-1	9.85×10^-5	上覆岩层体积热容量/（J·m^-3·℃^-1）	2.16×10⁶
初始含油饱和度/%	76.33	下覆岩层体积热容量/（J·m^-3·℃^-1）	2.16×10⁶
岩石热膨胀系数/（℃^-1）	3.75×10^-5	上覆岩层热传导率/（J·m^-1·d^-1·℃^-1）	1.15×10⁵
岩石体积热容量/（J·m^-3·℃^-1）	2.1×10⁶	下覆岩层热传导率/（J·m^-1·d^-1·℃^-1）	1.15×10⁵