Breakthrough and Implication of Oil and Gas Exploration in Permian Upper Wuerhe Formation in Fukang Sag, Junggar Basin

doi:10.7657/XJPG20240202

Abstract

Abstract:

The confirmation of 100-million-ton reserves in the Permian upper Wuerhe formation in the Kangtan-1 well area of Fukang sag, Junggar basin, demonstrates the excellent hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and huge exploration potential of the deep layers in the sag. Summarizing the exploration experience and theoretical understanding of the upper Wuerhe formation in the Fukang sag will be significant to guide the exploration of clastic reservoirs in other hydrocarbon-rich sags. Using the data of drilling, reservoir rock thin section, porosity-permeability analysis and formation testing, a systematic analysis was conducted on the exploration breakthrough of the upper Wuerhe formation in the Fukang sag. It is indicated that the oil and gas in the uplift and slope zones around the Fukang sag are mainly products of source rocks in the early maturity stage, and the hydrocarbons generated in the high maturity stage of source rocks are mainly found in the sag area. Controlled by the paleogeomorphology during deposition, retrogradational sand bodies in lowstand systems tract （LST） were developed in the upper Wuerhe formation in the Fukang sag, forming superimposed continuous large-scale reservoirs in the paleo-trough area. Overpressure is commonly found in the sag, which is conducive to the preservation of primary pores in deeply buried sandstones and also to the formation of microfractures, enhancing the permeability of reservoirs and making the deep reservoirs more effective. The upper Wuerhe formation in the Fukang sag has large exploration potential for achieving reserves increment due to the late-stage charging of hydrocarbons generated from highly mature sources rocks in the Lucaogou formation, the large-scale retrograditional sedimentation, and the pore preservation and permeability increasement caused by overpressure.

Key words: Junggar basin, Fukang sag, Permian, upper Wuerhe formation, exploration implication, retrogradational sedimentation

CLC Number:

TE122

LIU Chaowei, LI Hui, WANG Zesheng, WANG Qiuyu, XIE Zhiyi, HUANG Zhiqiang, ZHANG Rong. Breakthrough and Implication of Oil and Gas Exploration in Permian Upper Wuerhe Formation in Fukang Sag, Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2024, 45(2): 139-150.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Fig. 7.

Fig. 8.

Fig. 9.

Fig. 10.

Fig. 11.

References 28

[1]	杨海波, 陈磊, 孔玉华. 准噶尔盆地构造单元划分新方案[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2004, 25(6):686-688.
	YANG Haibo, CHEN Lei, KONG Yuhua. A novel classification of structural units in Junggar basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2004, 25(6):686-688.
[2]	陈磊, 杨镱婷, 汪飞, 等. 准噶尔盆地勘探历程与启示[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(5):505-518.
	CHEN Lei, YANG Yiting, WANG Fei, et al. Exploration history and enlightenment in Junggar basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(5):505-518.
[3]	王小军, 宋永, 郑孟林, 等. 准噶尔盆地复合含油气系统与复式聚集成藏[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2021, 26(4):29-43.
	WANG Xiaojun, SONG Yong, ZHENG Menglin, et al. Composite petroleum system and multi-stage hydrocarbon accumulation in Junggar basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2021, 26(4):29-43.
[4]	张朝军, 何登发, 吴晓智, 等. 准噶尔多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2006, 11(1):47-58.
	ZHANG Chaojun, HE Dengfa, WU Xiaozhi, et al. Formation and evolution of multicycle superimposed basins in Junggar basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2006, 11(1):47-58.
[5]	何海清, 支东明, 唐勇, 等. 准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷康探1井重大突破及意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2021, 26(2):1-11.
	HE Haiqing, ZHI Dongming, TANG Yong, et al. A great discovery of Well Kangtan 1 in the Fukang sag in the Junggar basin and its significance[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2021, 26(2):1-11.
[6]	陈轩, 陶鑫, 覃建华, 等. 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷及周缘二叠系芦草沟组异重流沉积[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(6):1530-1545.
	CHEN Xuan, TAO Xin, QIN Jianhua, et al. Hyperpycnal flow deposits of the Permian Lucaogou formation in the Jimusaer sag and its peripheries,Junggar basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(6):1530-1545.
[7]	印森林, 陈恭洋, 许长福, 等. 陆相混积细粒储集岩岩相构型及其对甜点的控制作用:以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组页岩油为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2022, 43(5):1180-1193.
	YIN Senlin, CHEN Gongyang, XU Changfu, et al. Lithofacies architecture of lacustrine fine-grained mixed reservoirs and its control over sweet spot:A case study of Permian Lucaogou formation shale oil reservoir in the Jimsar sag,Juggar basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(5):1180-1193.
[8]	马克, 侯加根, 董虎, 等. 页岩油储层混合细粒沉积孔喉特征及其对物性的控制作用:以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2022, 43(5):1194-1205.
	MA Ke, HOU Jiagen, DONG Hu, et al. Pore throat characteristics of fine-grained mixed deposits in shale oil reservoirs and their control on reservoir physical properties:A case study of the Permian Lucaogou formation,Jimsar sag,Junggar basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(5):1194-1205.
[9]	张丽丽. 准噶尔盆地北三台地区二叠系梧桐沟组沉积相[D]. 山东青岛: 中国石油大学(华东), 2011.
	ZHANG Lili. Sedimentary facies of Wutonggou formation in Beisantai area in Junggar basin[D]. Qingdao, Shandong: China University of Petroleum(East China), 2011.
[10]	刘超威, 尤新才, 李辉, 等. 准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷芦草沟组烃源岩地球化学特征与生烃潜力研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2023, 45(2):338-346.
	LIU Chaowei, YOU Xincai, LI Hui, et al. Geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential of Lucaogou formation source rocks in Fukang sag,Junggar basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2023, 45(2):338-346.
[11]	刘得光, 王屿涛, 杨海波, 等. 准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷及周缘凸起区的原油成因与分布[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2023, 28(1):94-107. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2023.01.009
	LIU Deguang, WANG Yutao, YANG Haibo, et al. Genesis types and distribution of crude oil in Fukang sag and its peripheral bulges,Junggar basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2023, 28(1):94-107. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2023.01.009
[12]	陈梦娜, 刘超威, 李宗浩, 等. 阜康凹陷上乌尔禾组层序格架建立及有利砂体分布[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 50(4):401-410.
	CHEN Mengna, LIU Chaowei, LI Zonghao, et al. Establishment of sequence framework and distribution of favorable sand bodies in Permian upper Wuerhe formation,Fukang sag,Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition), 2023, 50(4):401-410.
[13]	潘进, 刘新龙, 李辉, 等. 阜东斜坡芦草沟组岩相组合特征及展布规律[J]. 沉积学报, 2023, 41(5):1366-1379.
	PAN Jin, LIU Xinlong, LI Hui, et al. Characteristics and distribution of lithofacies assemblages of the Permian Lucaogou formation in the eastern slope of Fukang sag[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2023, 41(5):1366-1379.
[14]	王秋玉, 李树博, 闫文琦, 等. 深层特低孔—特低渗砂砾岩储层特征及主控因素:以准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷二叠系上乌尔禾组为例[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2023, 47(2):31-43.
	WANG Qiuyu, LI Shubo, YAN Wenqi, et al. Characteristics and main controlling factors of deep ultra-low porosity and ultra-low permeablity glutenite reservoirs:A case study of the upper Wuerhe formation of Permian in the Fukang depressions,Junggar basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University, 2023, 47(2):31-43.
[15]	张秀苹. 沙南油田沙102井区二叠系梧桐沟组沉积微相及储层特征研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2014.
	ZHANG Xiuping. The study on sedimentary microfacies and reservoir characteristics of Wutonggou formation of Permian in Sha 102 well block,Shanan oilfiled[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2014.
[16]	左如斯, 曾翔, 曹忠祥, 等. 沉积岩中沸石类矿物成岩演化特征及其意义[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(5):543-553.
	ZUO Rusi, ZENG Xiang, CAO Zhongxiang, et al. Diagenetic evolution and its significance of zeolites in sedimentary rocks[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(5):543-553.
[17]	许学龙, 陈春勇, 何贤英, 等. 北三台—沙南油田二叠系梧桐沟组沉积相研究[J]. 新疆石油天然气, 2016, 12(4):6-10.
	XU Xuelong, CHEN Chunyong, HE Xianying, et al. Study on sedimentary facies of Beisantai-Sha’nan oilfield in Permian Wutonggou formation[J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2016, 12(4):6-10.
[18]	JIA Chengzao, CHI Yingliu. Resource potential and exploration techniques of stratigraphic and subtle reservoirs in China[J]. Petroleum Science, 2004, 1(2):1-12.
[19]	袁选俊, 薛良清, 池英柳, 等. 坳陷型湖盆层序地层特征与隐蔽油气藏勘探:以松辽盆地为例[J]. 石油学报, 2003, 24(3):11-15. doi: 10.7623/syxb200303003
	YUAN Xuanjun, XUE Liangqing, CHI Yingliu, et al. Sequence stratigraphic and subtle-trap characeristics of lacustrine depression basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2003, 24(3):11-15. doi: 10.7623/syxb200303003
[20]	高山林, 王勇, 杨双, 等. 准噶尔盆地西缘春光探区岩性油气藏成藏主控因素[J]. 新疆地质, 2018, 36(2):233-238.
	GAO Shanlin, WANG Yong, YANG Shuang, et al. Main controlling factors of lithological reservoirs in Chunguang exploration area,the western margin of Junggar basin[J]. Xinjiang Geology, 2018, 36(2):233-238.
[21]	匡立春, 吕焕通, 齐雪峰, 等. 准噶尔盆地岩性油气藏勘探成果和方向[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2005, 32(6):32-37.
	KUANG Lichun, LYU Huantong, QI Xuefeng, et al. Exploration and targets for lithologic reservoirs in Junggar basin,NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2005, 32(6):32-37.
[22]	贾承造, 赵文智, 邹才能, 等. 岩性地层油气藏地质理论与勘探技术[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2007, 34(3):257-272.
	JIA Chengzao, ZHAO Wenzhi, ZOU Caineng, et al. Geological theory and exploration technology for lithostratigraphic hydrocarbon reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2007, 34(3):257-272
[23]	匡立春, 唐勇, 雷德文, 等. 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区三叠系百口泉组扇控大面积岩性油藏勘探实践[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2014, 19(6):14-23.
	KUANG Lichun, TANG Yong, LEI Dewen, et al. Exploration of fan-controlled large-area lithologic oil reservoirs of Triassic Baikouquan formation in slope zone of Mahu depression in Juggar basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2014, 19(6):14-23.
[24]	唐勇, 郭文建, 王霞田, 等. 玛湖凹陷砾岩大油区勘探新突破及启示[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2019, 40(2):127-137.
	TANG Yong, GUO Wenjian, WANG Xiatian, et al. A new breakthrough in exploration of large conglomerate oil province in Mahu sag and its implications[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2019, 40(2):127-137.
[25]	阿布力米提·依明, 唐勇, 曹剑, 等. 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷下三叠统百口泉组源外“连续型”油藏成藏机理与富集规律[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(2):241-250.
	Ablimit IMIN, TANG Yong, CAO Jian, et al. Accumulation mechanism and enrichment rules of the continuous hydrocarbon plays in the Lower Trassic Baikouquan formation of the Mahu sag,Junggar basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2016, 27(2):241-250.
[26]	支东明, 唐勇, 郑孟林, 等. 玛湖凹陷源上砾岩大油区形成分布与勘探实践[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2018, 39(1):1-8.
	ZHI Dongming, TANG Yong, ZHENG Menglin, et al. Discovery, distribution and exploration practice of large oil provinces of above-source conglomerate in Mahu sag[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2018, 39(1):1-8.
[27]	张浩, 程亮, 樊海涛, 等. 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷地层超压成因及其对物性的影响[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2022, 37(3):1223-1227.
	ZHANG Hao, CHENG Liang, FAN Haitao, et al. Formation overpressure and its influence on physical properties in Mahu sag,Junggar basin[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2022, 37(3):1223-1227.
[28]	段永贤, 宋金鹏, 郇志鹏, 等. 塔北、塔中奥陶系碳酸盐岩异常高压形成、保存与分布[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(4):421-428.
	DUAN Yongxian, SONG Jinpeng, HUAN Zhipeng, et al. Formation,preservation and distribution of abnormally high pressure in Ordovician carbonate rocks in northern and central Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(4):421-428.